Ocra在打包脚本时抛出错误

Question

假想

我已经安装了Ruby2.1.5 (x64)包，然后成功地安装了奥卡拉 gem：

gem install ocra
Fetching: ocra-1.3.3.gem (100%)
Successfully installed ocra-1.3.3
Parsing documentation for ocra-1.3.3
Installing ri documentation for ocra-1.3.3
Done installing documentation for ocra after 0 seconds
1 gem installed

问题

我正试着打包一个测试脚本：

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

# require ''
exit if Object.const_defined?(:Ocra)

print "Hello World!"
sleep 3

__END__

但是，当我尝试使用Ocra时，它会抛出错误：

ocra "TestScript.rb"

=== Loading script to check dependencies
=== Detected gem ocra-1.3.3 (loaded, files)
===     6 files, 190931 bytes
=== Detected gem io-console-0.4.2 (loaded, files)
C:/Program Files/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/ocra-1.3.3/bin/ocra:86:in `open':
 No such file or directory @ dir_initialize - C:/Program Files/Ruby/lib/ruby/gem
s/2.1.0/gems/io-console-0.4.2 (Errno::ENOENT)
        from C:/Program Files/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/ocra-1.3.3/bin/ocra:
86:in `entries'
        from C:/Program Files/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/ocra-1.3.3/bin/ocra:
86:in `entries'
        from C:/Program Files/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/ocra-1.3.3/bin/ocra:
92:in `find_all_files'
        from C:/Program Files/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/ocra-1.3.3/bin/ocra:
665:in `block (2 levels) in find_gem_files'
        from C:/Program Files/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/ocra-1.3.3/bin/ocra:
658:in `each'
        from C:/Program Files/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/ocra-1.3.3/bin/ocra:
658:in `block in find_gem_files'
        from C:/Program Files/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/ocra-1.3.3/bin/ocra:
611:in `each'
        from C:/Program Files/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/ocra-1.3.3/bin/ocra:
611:in `find_gem_files'
        from C:/Program Files/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/ocra-1.3.3/bin/ocra:
728:in `build_exe'
        from C:/Program Files/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/ocra-1.3.3/bin/ocra:
1165:in `block in <top (required)>'

发问

为什么会发生这种事？怎么修呢？

Answer 1

tl;dr: i能够使用RubyVersion2.0.0p481和rubygem2.0.14从脚本中成功地构建一个可执行文件。如果您可以切换Ruby版本，您应该能够获得相同的结果。(下面是我在Windows上使用多个Ruby版本时编写的一个很棒的uru.)

深度潜水：

这个io-console问题困扰了Ocra的许多用户，目前github上有一个尚未解决的问题：

https://github.com/larsch/ocra/issues/77

Ocra在脚本中所有加载的宝石上调用Gem::Specification#gem_dir，其中包括io-console。该操作返回不存在的路径，因此出现错误。

(这里还有一个来自rubygems的目录方法的链接，供您参考。)

你可以自己试试：

irb(main):001:0>require "io/console"
=> true
irb(main):002:0>io_console_spec = Gem.loaded_specs["io-console"]
=> #<Gem::Specification:0xblahblah io-console-0.4.2>
irb(main):003:0>proposed_path = io_console_spec.gem_dir
=> "$YOUR_RUBY_DIRECTORY/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/io-console-0.4.2"
irb(main):004:0>File.directory? proposed_path
=> false

当使用Ruby2.0.0p481时，Ocra成功地从这个脚本创建了一个可执行文件：

​

​

这使我相信，Gem.loaded_specs的结果在rubygems 2.0.14 (运行在2.0.0p481构建上的版本)和rubygems 2.2.2 (运行在2.1.5构建上的版本)之间发生了变化。深入了解为什么Gem::Specification#gem_dir for io-console是我将做的更多的事情(我对Ocra和Rubygems的内部工作非常陌生)，但希望这是有帮助的。

Answer 2

问题源于安装irb1.8，而不是irb依赖程序包。要解决这个问题，只要做一个“apt-获取安装irb”，如果你已经安装了irbl.8。