Arduino TimeAlarms有时不工作

Question

我使用了一个Arduino Mega兼容板(SainSmart Mega 2560 R3 ATmega2560 2560-16AU)，它附带了一个rtc模块(v1.1 ds1307rtc)，并使用附加的代码处理它。我使用TimeAlarms库(从TimeAlarms.html下载它)每小时发出一次警报。警报应该在每小时不同的时间发生，但为了测试，我把它们都设为12分钟。这段代码是等待一个正确的时间，我可以通过usb，串行接口设置。大多数情况下，代码运行良好。但有时警报器没有启动，我的leds也没有闪烁。我不知道为什么和何时发生这种情况，我没有改变之间的工作闪光灯和不工作。而且，我看不出有什么时候它不能正常工作，afaik是正确的，但有时会失败。如果它失败，它看起来像所有的小时后，失败的时间也是失败的，没有警报被触发。我知道TimeAlarms.h中对6个警报的限制，并将此文件中的变量dtNBR_ALARMS设置为25。

如您所见，我实现了一个printTime函数，它打印出rtc和系统时间，并且始终都是正确的。

有没有人知道我做错了什么，或者为什么有时会失败？

#include <Time.h>
#include <TimeAlarms.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <DS1307RTC.h>

tmElements_t tm;

int pwm_2 = 2;
int pwm_3 = 3;
int pwm_4 = 4;
int pwm_5 = 5;
int pwm_6 = 6;
int pwm_7 = 7;
int pwm_8 = 8;
int pwm_9 = 9;
int pwm_10 = 10;
int pwm_11 = 11;
int pwm_12 = 12;
int pwm_13 = 13;
//delay in the for loops
int dly = 120;

// the setup routine runs once when you press reset:
void setup()  { 
  Serial.begin(9600);
  while (!Serial) ; // wait for serial
  setSyncProvider(RTC.get);   // the function to get the time from the RTC
  RTC.read(tm);
  setTime(tm.Hour,tm.Minute,tm.Second,tm.Day,tm.Month,tm.Year);
  printTime();

  //wait for time input via serial, time must be set at every system boot
  while(tmYearToCalendar(tm.Year) < 2014) {
    Serial.println("wait in time loop, you have to set a time, current time is not correct:");
    printTime();
    if (Serial.available()) {
      time_t t = processSyncMessage();
      Serial.println("wait in time loop");
      if (t != 0) {
        RTC.set(t);   // set the RTC and the system time to the received value
        setTime(t); 
        Serial.println("time is succesfully set to");
        printTime(); 
        break;        
      }
    }
    delay(1000);
  }
  Serial.println("Time is already set to:");
  printTime();

  //set alarms for all hours in UTC, not in CET
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(0, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(1, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(2, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(3, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(4, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(5, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(6, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(7, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(8, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(9, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(10, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(11, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(12, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(13, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(14, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(15, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(16, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(17, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(18, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(19, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(20, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(21, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(22, 12, 0, shotAlarm);
  Alarm.alarmRepeat(23, 12, 0, shotAlarm);

  // declare pin 2-13 to be an output:
  pinMode(pwm_2, OUTPUT); //red
  pinMode(pwm_3, OUTPUT); //blue
  pinMode(pwm_4, OUTPUT); //green
  pinMode(pwm_5, OUTPUT);  //red
  pinMode(pwm_6, OUTPUT); //blue
  pinMode(pwm_7, OUTPUT);  //green
  pinMode(pwm_8, OUTPUT);  //red
  pinMode(pwm_9, OUTPUT); //blue
  pinMode(pwm_10, OUTPUT);  //green
  pinMode(pwm_11, OUTPUT); //red
  pinMode(pwm_12, OUTPUT);  //blue
  pinMode(pwm_13, OUTPUT);  //green  
} 

void shotAlarm() {
  Serial.println("SHOTALARM");
  analogWrite(pwm_2, 255);
  analogWrite(pwm_5, 255);
  analogWrite(pwm_8, 255);
  analogWrite(pwm_11, 255);
  analogWrite(pwm_3, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_4, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_6, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_7, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_9, 255);
  analogWrite(pwm_10, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_12, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_13, 255); 
  for(int a = 0; a < 60; a = a+1) {
    for (int i = 0; i < 255; i = i + 1) {
      analogWrite(pwm_2, i); //red
      analogWrite(pwm_5, i); //red
      analogWrite(pwm_8, i); //red
      analogWrite(pwm_11, i); //red
      delay (5);
    }
    for (int i = 255; i > 0; i = i - 1) {
      analogWrite(pwm_2, i); //red
      analogWrite(pwm_5, i); //red
      analogWrite(pwm_8, i); //red
      analogWrite(pwm_11, i); //red
      delay (5);
    }
  }
}
void loop() {
  Alarm.delay(0);
  Serial.println("new loop");
  printTime();
  analogWrite(pwm_2, 0);
  analogWrite(pwm_5, 0);
  analogWrite(pwm_8, 0);
  analogWrite(pwm_11, 0);
  analogWrite(pwm_3, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_4, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_6, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_7, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_9, 255);
  analogWrite(pwm_10, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_12, 255); 
  analogWrite(pwm_13, 255); 
  for (int i = 255; i > 0; i = i - 1) {
    analogWrite(pwm_4, i); //green
    analogWrite(pwm_7, i); //green
    analogWrite(pwm_10, i); //green
    analogWrite(pwm_13, i); //green  
    Alarm.delay (dly);
  }
  for (int i = 0; i < 255; i = i + 1) {
    analogWrite(pwm_2, i); //red
    analogWrite(pwm_5, i); //red
    analogWrite(pwm_8, i); //red
    analogWrite(pwm_11, i); //red
    Alarm.delay (dly);
  } 
  for (int i = 255; i > 0; i = i - 1) {
    analogWrite(pwm_3, i); //blue
    analogWrite(pwm_6, i); //blue
    analogWrite(pwm_9, i); //blue
    analogWrite(pwm_12, i); //blue      
    Alarm.delay (dly);
  }
  for (int i = 0; i < 255; i = i + 1) {
    analogWrite(pwm_4, i); //green
    analogWrite(pwm_7, i); //green
    analogWrite(pwm_10, i); //green
    analogWrite(pwm_13, i); //green  
    Alarm.delay (dly);
  }  
  for (int i = 255; i > 0; i = i - 1) {
    analogWrite(pwm_2, i); //red
    analogWrite(pwm_5, i); //red
    analogWrite(pwm_8, i); //red
    analogWrite(pwm_11, i); //red
    Alarm.delay (dly);
  }
  for (int i = 0; i < 255; i = i + 1) {
    analogWrite(pwm_3, i); //blue
    analogWrite(pwm_6, i); //blue
    analogWrite(pwm_9, i); //blue
    analogWrite(pwm_12, i); //blue 
    Alarm.delay (dly);
  }
  Alarm.delay(0);
}

void printTime() {
  if (RTC.read(tm)) {
    Serial.print("Ok, RTC Time = ");
    print2digits(tm.Hour);
    Serial.write(':');
    print2digits(tm.Minute);
    Serial.write(':');
    print2digits(tm.Second);
    Serial.print(", Date (D/M/Y) = ");
    Serial.print(tm.Day);
    Serial.write('/');
    Serial.print(tm.Month);
    Serial.write('/');
    Serial.print(tmYearToCalendar(tm.Year));
    Serial.println();
  } 
  else {
    if (RTC.chipPresent()) {
      Serial.println("The DS1307 is stopped.  Please run the SetTime");
      Serial.println("example to initialize the time and begin running.");
      Serial.println();
    } 
    else {
      Serial.println("DS1307 read error!  Please check the circuitry.");
      Serial.println();
    }
  }
  Serial.print("Ok, System Time = ");
  print2digits(hour());
  Serial.write(':');
  print2digits(minute());
  Serial.write(':');
  print2digits(second());
  Serial.print(", Date (D/M/Y) = ");
  Serial.print(day());
  Serial.write('/');
  Serial.print(month());
  Serial.write('/');
  Serial.print(year());
  Serial.println();
}
void print2digits(int number) {
  if (number >= 0 && number < 10) {
    Serial.write('0');
  }
  Serial.print(number);
}
/*  code to process time sync messages from the serial port   */
#define TIME_HEADER  "T"   // Header tag for serial time sync message
unsigned long processSyncMessage() {
  unsigned long pctime = 0L;
  const unsigned long DEFAULT_TIME = 1357041600; // Jan 1 2013 

  if(Serial.find(TIME_HEADER)) {
    pctime = Serial.parseInt();
    return pctime;
    if( pctime < DEFAULT_TIME) { // check the value is a valid time (greater than Jan 1 2013)
      pctime = 0L; // return 0 to indicate that the time is not valid
    }
  }
  return pctime;
}

Answer 1

对于后来看过这篇文章的人来说:我发现了我的代码中的错误。以下一行是错误的：

setTime(tm.Hour,tm.Minute,tm.Second,tm.Day,tm.Month,tm.Year);

正确的版本是：

setTime(tm.Hour,tm.Minute,tm.Second,tm.Day,tm.Month,tmYearToCalendar(tm.Year));

不幸的是，我忘记将年份值转换为预期的格式。从上面的代码是非常好的工作与这一更正。我检查了一个多星期的警报器，它的工作非常稳定。

谢谢大家的帮助。

Answer 2

值得一提的是，在TimerAlarm库的read me中，它说您只能定义最多6个告警，但是dtNBR_ALARMS字段可以在库中更改这一点。当然，这个数目是由ram限制的，但是您可以很容易地添加，因为Arduino mega有一个非常大的SRAM。因此，如果您遇到更多的警报问题，这可能是值得一看的。