如何比较linux中的两个胶乳文件？

Question

我需要将New.tex http://pastebin.com/PCafGYwG与Old.tex http://pastebin.com/jRU8rhhV进行比较，如果相同IP中的两个文档中存在相同的漏洞，则需要获得输出。

两个文件的IP地址都是10.1.2.3。

New.tex

 \subsection {Summary of security vulnerabilities found on the host with IP address 10.1.2.3}
\begin{center}
\begin{longtable}{|p{0.2in}|p{0.5in}|p{4in}|p{0.4in}|} \hline
\textit{\textbf{No}} &\textit{\textbf{Severity level}} & \textit{\textbf{Vulnerability name}} & \textit{\textbf{More}} \\ \hline
     1  & \cellcolor{Red}High& DNS Server Cache Snooping Remote Information Disclosure  & \href{http://www.rootsecure.net/content/downloads/pdf/dns\_cache\_snooping.pdf}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
     2  & \cellcolor{BurntOrange}Medium & SSL Certificate with Wrong Hostname  & \href{http://www.tenable.com/plugins/index.php?view=single&id=45411}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
     3  & \cellcolor{BurntOrange}Medium & SSL Self-Signed Certificate  & \href{http://www.tenable.com/plugins/index.php?view=single&id=57582}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
     4  & \cellcolor{SkyBlue}Low & SSL RC4 Cipher Suites Supported  & \href{http://www.nessus.org/u?217a3666}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\
\end{longtable}
\end{center}
.............
.....................
...

Old.tex

.............
.......
......................
 \subsection {Summary of security vulnerabilities found on the host with IP address 10.1.2.3}
\begin{center}
\begin{longtable}{|p{0.2in}|p{0.5in}|p{4in}|p{0.4in}|} \hline
\textit{\textbf{No}} &\textit{\textbf{Severity level}} & \textit{\textbf{Vulnerability name}} & \textit{\textbf{More}} \\ \hline
     1  & \cellcolor{BurntOrange}Medium & DNS Server Cache Snooping Remote Information Disclosure  & \href{http://www.rootsecure.net/content/downloads/pdf/dns\_cache\_snooping.pdf}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
     2  & \cellcolor{BurntOrange}Medium & SSL Certificate Cannot Be Trusted  & \href{http://www.tenable.com/plugins/index.php?view=single&id=51192}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
     3  & \cellcolor{BurntOrange}Medium & SSL Certificate with Wrong Hostname  & \href{http://www.tenable.com/plugins/index.php?view=single&id=45411}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
     4  & \cellcolor{BurntOrange}Medium & SSL Self-Signed Certificate  & \href{http://www.tenable.com/plugins/index.php?view=single&id=57582}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
\end{longtable}
\end{center}
..............
.......
...........

在这种情况下，

两者都存在漏洞="DNS服务器缓存窥探远程信息泄漏“"SSL证书”(主机名错误) "SSL自签名证书“

我需要输出

只有下面的漏洞摘要

\subsection {Summary of security vulnerabilities found on the host with IP address 10.1.2.3}
\begin{center}
\begin{longtable}{|p{0.2in}|p{0.5in}|p{4in}|p{0.4in}|} \hline
\textit{\textbf{No}} &\textit{\textbf{Severity level}} & \textit{\textbf{Vulnerability name}} & \textit{\textbf{More}} \\ \hline
     1  & \cellcolor{Red}Medium & DNS Server Cache Snooping Remote Information Disclosure  & \href{http://www.rootsecure.net/content/downloads/pdf/dns\_cache\_snooping.pdf}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
     2  & \cellcolor{BurntOrange}Medium & SSL Certificate with Wrong Hostname  & \href{http://www.tenable.com/plugins/index.php?view=single&id=45411}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
     3  & \cellcolor{BurntOrange}Medium & SSL Self-Signed Certificate  & \href{http://www.tenable.com/plugins/index.php?view=single&id=57582}{$\Rightarrow$}  \\ \hline
\end{longtable}
\end{center}

如何在linux上使用bash脚本、awk、sed或任何其他方法来实现这一点？

Answer 1

您可以使用diff命令或diffuse GUI工具比较两个文件：

diff Old.tex New.tex

或

diffuse Old.tex New.tex

为了进行更深入的分析，我建议编写一个简短的python (或perl)脚本，在脚本中读取两个文件，找到您感兴趣的行，比较它们，并进行所需的替换。

Answer 2

最简单的方法是在第一行中找到要搜索的唯一文本，然后使用grep定位该行，并添加-A8以捕获接下来的8行上下文。在您的情况下，可能会发生以下情况：

grep -A8 {Summary\ of\ security\ vulnerabilities filename

假设单词的组合对于漏洞行是唯一的，那么您将得到您希望得到的上面的行。