blocks|key|202390|text|默认主机:蚊虫_pub/sub的端口组合是localhost:1883。如果您的本地计算机上没有代理运行，那么它当然无法连接。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|202391|解决方案是在本地计算机上运行代理，或者告诉实用程序在哪里连接。例如：|202392|mosquitto_sub+-t+newtopic/test+-h+test.mosquitto.org|code-block|syntax|javascript|202393|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

The default host:port combination for mosquitto_pub/sub is localhost:1883. If you do not have a broker running on your local computer then it will not be able to connect of course.

The solution is to either run the broker on your local computer, or to tell the utilities where to connect. For example:

<pre><code>mosquitto_sub -t newtopic/test -h test.mosquitto.org
</code></pre>

blocks|key|2343025|text|只需编辑摩斯基托配置文件(+/etc/mosquitto/conf.d/mosquitto.conf+)添加这些行..。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|2343026|allow_anonymous+true|2343027|listener+1883+0.0.0.0|2343028|..。重新启动摩斯基托(不管是否服务)。|2343029|$+sudo+service+mosquitto+restart|2343030|或|2343031|$+mosquitto+--verbose+--config-file+/etc/mosquitto/conf.d/mosquitto.conf|2343032|正如告知这里的那样，因为1.7V1.7+allow_anonymous默认为false。检查日志消息(+/var/log/mosquitto/mosquitto.log+)也很有用。|2343033|最后，使用--host+(-h)参数和主机IP地址(get+if+from+ifconfig或ip+-color+addr命令)运行Mosquitto订阅服务器/发布服务器。|2343034|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://mosquitto.org/man/mosquitto-conf-5.html^0|E|10|0|0|K|0|0|L|0|0|0|W|0|0|0|20|0|K|F|1G|W|4|2|0|0|5|6|D|2|12|8|1B|E|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|13|8|@$9|14|A|15|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|16|8|@$9|17|A|18|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|19|8|@$9|1A|A|1B|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|J|3|K|5|6|7|1C|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|L|3|M|5|6|7|1D|8|@$9|1E|A|1F|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|6|7|1G|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|P|3|Q|5|6|7|1H|8|@$9|1I|A|1J|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|R|3|S|5|6|7|1K|8|@$9|1L|A|1M|B|C]|$9|1N|A|1O|B|C]]|D|@$9|1P|A|1Q|1|1R]]|E|$]]|$1|T|3|U|5|6|7|1S|8|@$9|1T|A|1U|B|C]|$9|1V|A|1W|B|C]|$9|1X|A|1Y|B|C]|$9|1Z|A|20|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|V|3|-4|5|6|7|21|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|W|$X|$5|Y|Z|10|E|$11|12]]]]

Just edit Mosquitto configuration file ( <code>/etc/mosquitto/conf.d/mosquitto.conf</code> ) adding these lines... 
<code>allow_anonymous true</code> 
<code>listener 1883 0.0.0.0</code>
... and restart Mosquitto (as service or not). 
<code>$ sudo service mosquitto restart</code>
 or 
<code>$ mosquitto --verbose --config-file /etc/mosquitto/conf.d/mosquitto.conf</code>
As informed <a href="https://mosquitto.org/man/mosquitto-conf-5.html" rel="noreferrer">here</a>, since v.1.7 <code>allow_anonymous</code> defaulted to false.
It is also useful to check log messages ( <code>/var/log/mosquitto/mosquitto.log</code> ).
Finally, run Mosquitto subscriber/publisher using <code>--host</code> (<code>-h</code>) parameter and the host IP address (get if from <code>ifconfig</code> or <code>ip -color addr</code> command).

blocks|key|2342909|text|其他的答案对我都没有用。在我的例子中，我已经将蚊子升级到1.X到2.0，这需要在mosquitto.conf中添加一个新的配置|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|2342910|listener+1883|code-block|syntax|javascript|2342911|供本地主机以外的客户端连接(即通过Docker)|2342912|entityMap^0|14|E|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@$9|P|A|Q|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|R|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|S|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|T|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|N|$]]

None of the other answers worked for me. In my case, I had upgraded from mosquitto 1.X to mosquitto 2.0, which requires a new configuration to be added to your <code>mosquitto.conf</code>:
<pre><code>listener 1883
</code></pre>
For clients other than localhost to connect (ie, via Docker)

blocks|key|734559|text|对于未来的谷歌员工：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|734560|您可以使用上面提到的公共主机，但是要启动本地的蚊虫中介，首先要确保除了安装了mosquitto之外，还安装了mosquitto_sub。然后，只需运行以下命令，就可以启动蚊虫经纪人：|offset|length|style|CODE|734561|mosquitto|code-block|syntax|javascript|734562|entityMap^0|0|12|9|1I|D|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|P|8|@$D|Q|E|R|F|G]|$D|S|E|T|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|N|$]]

For future googlers:

You can use a public host as mentioned above, but to start a local mosquitto broker, first make sure you have installed <code>mosquitto</code> in addition to <code>mosquitto_sub</code>. You can then start up the mosquitto broker by simply running the following:

<pre><code>mosquitto
</code></pre>

blocks|key|2342980|text|我也经历过同样的问题，对我来说，是在升级mosquitto以支持mqtt+v5：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|2342981|$+mosquitto+--version
mosquitto+version+2.0.14
mosquitto+is+an+MQTT+v5.0/v3.1.1/v3.1+broker.|code-block|syntax|javascript|2342982|但是，升级后的代理不再支持匿名连接：|2342983|$+mosquitto_pub+-t+mytopic+-m+"Hello+World"
Connection+error:+Connection+Refused:+not+authorised.
Error:+The+connection+was+refused.|2342984|这可能是一个更好的默认，但在实验时不那么友好。将代理配置为允许匿名连接：|2342985|$+cat+/etc/mosquitto/conf.d/standard.conf
listener+1883
protocol+mqtt
allow_anonymous+true

$+sudo+systemctl+restart+mosquitto.service|2342986|然后，嘿预告片：|2342987|$+mosquitto_pub+-t+mytopic+-m+"Hello+World"|2342988|entityMap^0|K|9|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Y|8|@$9|Z|A|10|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|11|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|12|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|H|7|13|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|14|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|H|7|15|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|16|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|U|3|V|5|H|7|17|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|W|3|-4|5|6|7|18|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|X|$]]

I experienced the same issue, for me it was in upgrading <code>mosquitto</code> for mqtt v5 support:
<pre><code>$ mosquitto --version
mosquitto version 2.0.14
mosquitto is an MQTT v5.0/v3.1.1/v3.1 broker.
</code></pre>
However, the upgraded broker no longer supported anonymous connections:
<pre><code>$ mosquitto_pub -t mytopic -m &quot;Hello World&quot;
Connection error: Connection Refused: not authorised.
Error: The connection was refused.
</code></pre>
This is probably a better default, but less friendly when experimenting.
To configure the broker to allow anonymous connections:
<pre><code>$ cat /etc/mosquitto/conf.d/standard.conf
listener 1883
protocol mqtt
allow_anonymous true

$ sudo systemctl restart mosquitto.service
</code></pre>
Then, hey presto :
<pre><code>$ mosquitto_pub -t mytopic -m &quot;Hello World&quot;
</code></pre>

blocks|key|202474|text|这是因为你只在你的系统上安装了蚊子，而没有在你的系统上安装蚊子。请执行下面的命令来安装MQTT代理。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|202475|sudo+apt-get+install+mosquitto|code-block|syntax|javascript|202476|来源：连接尝试失败bytesofgigabytes.com|offset|length|202477|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://www.bytesofgigabytes.com/mqtt/installing-mqtt-broker-on-windows/^0|0|0|3|Q|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|S|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@$I|V|J|W|1|X]]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|-4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|L|$M|$5|N|O|P|A|$Q|R]]]]

This is happening because you have installed only mosquitto clients on your system and not installed mosquitto on your system. please execute below command to install the MQTT Broker.

<pre><code>sudo apt-get install mosquitto
</code></pre>

source:
<a href="http://www.bytesofgigabytes.com/mqtt/installing-mqtt-broker-on-windows/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">connection attempt failed bytesofgigabytes.com</a>

blocks|key|734636|text|确保您的蚊虫服务安装和正确运行。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|734637|安装：sudo+apt-get+install+mosquitto|offset|length|style|CODE|734638|安装后：sudo+service+mosquitto+stop，sudo+service+mosquitto+start|734639|entityMap^0|0|3|U|0|4|R|W|S|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|M|8|@$D|N|E|O|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|6|7|P|8|@$D|Q|E|R|F|G]|$D|S|E|T|F|G]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|J|3|-4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|K|$]]

Be sure Your mosquitto service installed and correctly running.
for install : <code>sudo apt-get install mosquitto</code>
after install : <code>sudo service mosquitto stop</code> , <code>sudo service mosquitto start</code>

blocks|key|202490|text|我为我的代理设置了用户名和密码。因此，在使用蚊子时，必须使用：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|202491|mosquitto_sub+-u+username+-P+password+-t+newtopic/test+-h+test.mosquitto.org|code-block|syntax|javascript|202492|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

I had setup a username and password for my broker. Therefore had to use that while using mosquitto sub:
<pre><code>mosquitto_sub -u username -P password -t newtopic/test -h test.mosquitto.org
</code></pre>

I want to use MQTT protocol using mosquitto library. 

First of all, I want to do some test installing mosquitto-clients

<pre><code> sudo apt-get install mosquitto-clients
</code></pre>

This program provides two "method":

<ul>
<li>mosquitto_pub</li>
<li>mosquitto_sub</li>
</ul>

Following <a href="http://michaelconnors.net/article/462/hello-mqtt" rel="noreferrer">this</a> instructions I'm trying to submit new topic:

<pre><code>mosquitto_sub -d -t newtopic/test
</code></pre>

using default host/port [localhost/1883].

I obtain:

<pre><code>Error: Connection refused
</code></pre>

Is too generic as error.. can anyone help me? 
Could be is a firewall problem? In this case, how can I check if is this the problem?

I'm using linux ubuntu ( 3.8.0-42-generic #62~precise1-Ubuntu)

nb same behaviour writing custom program using libmosquitto.

mosquitto-client obtain refused connection

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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我想使用MQTT协议使用蚊子库。首先，我想做一些安装蚊虫的测试。 sudo apt-get install mosquitto-clients该程序提供两个“方法”：mosquitto_pubmosquitto_sub按照的指示，我尝试提交新的主题：mosquitto_sub -d -t newtopic/test使用默认主机/端口localhost/1883。我获得：Error: Connect

问蚊虫-客户获得拒绝连接
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