HttpPost用于操作(保存)以404结尾-错误

Question

我有一个C#网站和Web的结合。在Web部分中，我有四个控制器(用于产品、类别、用户和订单)。MVC控制器默认使用的普通GetAllProducts、GetProduct等都很好，但是现在我想为HttpPost (保存订单)提供一个操作方法。

下面是我之前想要添加的保存操作(PS:在底部，您可以看到我试图使保存操作工作的内容)：

WebApiConfig.cs：

using WebMatrix.WebData;
using System.Web.Security;

public static class WebApiConfig
{
    public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
    {
        // Only allow JSON response format
        var json = config.Formatters.JsonFormatter;
        json.SerializerSettings.PreserveReferencesHandling = Newtonsoft.Json.PreserveReferencesHandling.Objects;
        config.Formatters.Remove(config.Formatters.XmlFormatter);

        // Default API HttpRoute
        // Call examples: "/api/products" or "/api/products/2"
        config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
            name: "DefaultApi",
            routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
            defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
        );

        // Configure the DependencyResolver and register all API-Controllers
        var container = new UnityContainer();
        container.RegisterType<IProductsRepository, ProductsRepository>(new HierarchicalLifetimeManager());
        container.RegisterType<ICategoriesRepository, CategoriesRepository>(new HierarchicalLifetimeManager());
        container.RegisterType<IOrdersRepository, OrdersRepository>(new HierarchicalLifetimeManager());
        container.RegisterType<IUsersRepository, UsersRepository>(new HierarchicalLifetimeManager());
        config.DependencyResolver = new ControllerDependencyFactory(container);

        // Some other stuff
        ...
    }
}

ControllerDependencyFactory.cs：

// This class uses the Inversion of Control (IoC) pattern, which creates
// instances of objects for you. All Web API Objects (API Controllers) are
// registered with this IDependencyResolver, so with a GET-request to the API
// this class will automatically create the correct instance of that API Controller.
public class ControllerDependencyFactory : IDependencyResolver
{
    protected IUnityContainer container;

    public ControllerDependencyFactory(IUnityContainer container)
    {
        if (container == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("container");

        this.container = container;
    }

    public object GetService(Type serviceType)
    {
        try
        {
            return container.Resolve(serviceType);
        }
        catch (ResolutionFailedException)
        {
            // WARNING: Do not throw any errors, we need to return null here
            return null;
        }
    }

    public IEnumerable<object> GetServices(Type serviceType)
    {
        try
        {
            return container.ResolveAll(serviceType);
        }
        catch (ResolutionFailedException)
        {
            // WARNING: Do not throw any errors, we need to return an empty List here
            return new List<object>();
        }
    }

    public IDependencyScope BeginScope()
    {
        var child = container.CreateChildContainer();
        return new ControllerDependencyFactory(child);
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        container.Dispose();
    }
}

IProductsRepository.cs：

public interface IProductsRepository
{
    IEnumerable<ProductsAPI> GetAll();
    ProductsAPI Get(int id);
    // No need for an Add, Update or Remove
}

ProductsRepository.cs：

public class ProductsRepository : IProductsRepository
{
    private List<ProductsAPI> products;
    private ProductController controller;

    public ProductsRepository()
    {
        // Get the Controller-instance from the RouteMaps instead of creating a new instance here
        getControllerInstance();
        products = controller.ListAll();
    }

    public IEnumerable<ProductsAPI> GetAll()
    {
        return products;
    }

    public ProductsAPI Get(int id)
    {
        return products.Find(p => p.ProductId == id);
    }

    // No need for an Add, Update or Remove

    private void getControllerInstance()
    {
        var url = "~/product";
        // Original path is stored and will be rewritten in the end
        var httpContext = new HttpContextWrapper(HttpContext.Current);
        string originalPath = httpContext.Request.Path;

        try
        {
            // Fake a request to the supplied URL into the routing system
            httpContext.RewritePath(url);
            RouteData urlRouteData = RouteTable.Routes.GetRouteData(httpContext);

            // If the route data was not found (e.g url leads to another site) then authorization is denied.
            // If you want to have a navigation to a different site, don't use AuthorizationMenu
            if (urlRouteData != null)
            {
                string controllerName = urlRouteData.Values["controller"].ToString();

                // Get an instance of the controller that would handle this route
                var requestContext = new RequestContext(httpContext, urlRouteData);
                var controllerFactory = ControllerBuilder.Current.GetControllerFactory();
                var controllerbase = (ControllerBase)controllerFactory.CreateController(requestContext, controllerName);
                controller = (ProductController)controllerbase;
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            // Reset our request path.
            httpContext.RewritePath(originalPath);
        }
    }

ProductsController.cs (仅由Web使用)：

public class ProductsController : ApiController
{
    private IProductsRepository repository;

    public ProductsController()
    {
        repository = new ProductsRepository();
    }

    // GET /api/products
    public IEnumerable<ProductsAPI> GetAllProducts()
    {
        if(LockAPI.loggedIn)
            return repository.GetAll();

        return null;
    }

    // GET /api/products/5
    public ProductsAPI GetProduct(int id)
    {
        if (LockAPI.loggedIn)
        {
            ProductsAPI item = repository.Get(id);
            if (item == null)
                throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
            return item;
        }

        return null;
    }
}

ProductController.cs (网站也使用)：

public class ProductController : Controller
{
    private IMyDatabase db;

    public ProductController()
    {
        this.db = new MyDatabase();
    }

    // Some methods used by the Website part
    ...

    // List all products
    // This method is only used for the Web API part of this project, that will be used in the Mobile App
    // Return: actual List of Products, instead of JSON format
    public List<ProductsAPI> ListAll()
    {
        List<ProductsAPI> products = db.Products
            .Where(p => p.Visible == true)
            .OrderBy(p => p.Name)
            .Select(p => new ProductsAPI()
            {
                ProductId = p.ProductId,
                Name = p.Name,
                Price = p.Price,
                CategoryId = p.CategoryId,
            })
            .ToList();

        return products;
    }
}

ProductsAPI.cs：

public class ProductsAPI
{
    // The Products Fields we use in the Mobile App
    public int ProductId { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public decimal Price { get; set; }
    public int CategoryId { get; set; }
}

这就是我所拥有的，我添加/更改了以下内容：

在WebApiConfig.cs中改变了：

// Default API HttpRoute
// Call examples: "/api/products" or "/api/products/2"
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
    name: "DefaultApi",
    routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
    defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional },
    constraints: new { id = @"^\d+$" } // Only integers
);

至：

// Default API HttpRoute
// Call example: "/api/orders"
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
    name: "DefaultApi",
    routeTemplate: "api/{controller}"
);
// API HttpRoute with ID
// Call example: "api/orders/2"
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
    name: "ApiWithID",
    routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
    defaults: null,
    constraints: new { id = @"^\d+$" } // Only integers
);
// Api HttpRoute with Action
// Call example: "api/orders/save"
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
    name: "ApiWithAction",
    routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}"
);

在OrdersController.cs (仅由Web使用)中添加了以下方法：

// POST /api/orders/save
[HttpPost]
[ActionName("save")]
public Boolean SaveOrder([FromUri] string UniqueID, [FromBody] dynamic Data)
{
    if(LockAPI.loggedIn)
    {
        // Convert JSON body to a Key-Value Dictionary
        Dictionary<string, object> data = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Dictionary<string, object>>(Convert.ToString(Data));

        // Convert data-objects
        ...

        // Use this converted data to save the Orders
        // and return true or false based on the result
        ...
    }

    return false;
}

现在我使用的是FireFox RESTClient：

方法：POST - http://localhost/api/orders/save

身体："productIds": "[20, 25]", "prices": "[0.40, 7.40]", dateInTicks: "1402444800"

并得到以下答复：

Status Code: 404 Not Found
Cache-Control: no-cache
Connection: Close
Content-Length: 212
Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2014 08:45:10 GMT
Expires: -1
Pragma: no-cache
Server: ASP.NET Development Server/11.0.0.0
X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319

{
    "$id": "1",
    "Message": "No HTTP resource was found that matches the request URI 'http://localhost/api/orders/save'.",
    "MessageDetail": "No action was found on the controller 'Orders' that matches the request."
}

如何使HttpPost到C# mvc Web以处理操作？

Answer 1

我第一次尝试了另一个MapHttpRoute：

// Default API HttpRoute
// Call examples: "/api/products/all" or "/api/products/one/2" or "/api/orders/save" or "/api/test/enable"
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
    name: "DefaultApi",
    routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
    defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);

以及对Web控制器的一个小改动：

• 将[ActionName("all")]添加到GetAll方法(这将/api/products更改为/api/products/all)
• 将[ActionName("one")]添加到Get-方法(这将/api/products/2更改为/api/products/one/2)

并将OrdersController中的SaveOrder-方法更改为：

public Boolean SaveOrder([FromBody] string productIds, [FromBody] string newPrices, [FromBody] string dateInTicks)
{
    ...
}

当我再次使用FireFox‘RESTClient做同样的文章时，我遇到了一个500错误：

Status Code: 500 Internal Server Error
Cache-Control: no-cache
Connection: Close
Content-Length: 226
Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2014 14:33:51 GMT
Expires: -1
Pragma: no-cache
Server: ASP.NET Development Server/11.0.0.0
X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319

{
    "$id": "1",
    "Message": "An error has occurred.",
    "ExceptionMessage": "Can't bind multiple parameters ('productIds' and 'dateInTicks') to the request's content.",
    "ExceptionType": "System.InvalidOperationException",
    "StackTrace": null
}

这更有道理。

然后，我将Save方法更改为：

public Boolean SaveOrder([FromBody] JObject jsonData)
{
    // TODO: Seperate the JSON Data

    // Rest the same as before
    ...
}

现在它转到方法上，我可以通过它进行调试。

现在，我在将正文中的JSON转换为实际分离的数据时仍然有问题，但这是另一个问题。