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社区首页 >问答首页 >分析来自OWL验证器的错误

问分析来自OWL验证器的错误
EN

Stack Overflow用户
提问于 2014-06-04 09:56:17
回答 1查看 1.4K关注 0票数 0

事实上，我通过OWLApi实现了本体。然后我恢复了一个文件.owl。稍后，我尝试通过OWL：http://owl.cs.manchester.ac.uk/validator/检查OWL本体的语法。它还犯了更多我无法理解的错误。我首先加入你，我的本体论，然后出现错误。预先感谢您的帮助

代码语言：javascript
复制
<rdf:RDF xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
 xml:base="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl"
 xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
 xmlns:p1="#"
 xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
 xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
 xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">



<!-- 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Object Properties
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 -->




<!-- #kindOf -->

<ObjectProperty rdf:about="#kindOf"/>



<!-- #sub-topicOf -->

<ObjectProperty rdf:about="#sub-topicOf"/>



<!-- 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Classes
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 -->




<!-- #OWLThing -->

<Class rdf:about="#OWLThing"/>



<!-- 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Individuals
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 -->




<!-- #ATTACKERS -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#ATTACKERS">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #AUTHENTICATION -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#AUTHENTICATION">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
    <p1:kindOf rdf:resource="#validation"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #CLUSTERING -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#CLUSTERING">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #CRYPTOGRAPHY -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#CRYPTOGRAPHY">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
    <p1:sub-topicOf rdf:resource="#SECURITY"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #DETECTION -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#DETECTION">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #EMBEDDING -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#EMBEDDING">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #ENCRYPTION -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#ENCRYPTION">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
    <p1:kindOf rdf:resource="#CRYPTOGRAPHY"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #LEARNING -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#LEARNING">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
    <p1:kindOf rdf:resource="#education"/>
    <p1:sub-topicOf rdf:resource="#ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #ONTOLOGY -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#ONTOLOGY">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #SECURITY -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#SECURITY">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #WATERMARKING -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#WATERMARKING">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
    <p1:sub-topicOf rdf:resource="#SECURITY"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #WAVELET -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#WAVELET">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #compression -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#compression">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
    <p1:kindOf rdf:resource="#ENCRYPTION"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #computing -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#computing">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #education -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#education">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #management -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#management">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #system -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#system">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #validation -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#validation">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #ABSTRACTING METHODS -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#ABSTRACTING METHODS">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #APPLICATION AND EXPERT SYSTEMS -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#APPLICATION AND EXPERT SYSTEMS">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
    <p1:sub-topicOf rdf:resource="#ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
    <p1:kindOf rdf:resource="#computing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #CONCEPTS LEARNING -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#CONCEPTS LEARNING">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #DATABASE MANAGEMENT -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#DATABASE MANAGEMENT">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
    <p1:kindOf rdf:resource="#management"/>
    <p1:sub-topicOf rdf:resource="#INFORMATION SYSTEMS"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #IMAGE DATABASE -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#IMAGE DATABASE">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #INDEXING METHOD -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#INDEXING METHOD">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #INFORMATION FILTERING -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#INFORMATION FILTERING">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #INFORMATION SOURCE -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#INFORMATION SOURCE">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #INFORMATION SYSTEMS -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#INFORMATION SYSTEMS">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
    <p1:kindOf rdf:resource="#system"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
    <p1:sub-topicOf rdf:resource="#INFORMATION SYSTEMS"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION FORMALISMS AND METHODS -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION FORMALISMS AND METHODS">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
    <p1:sub-topicOf rdf:resource="#ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #LINGUISTIC PROCESSING -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#LINGUISTIC PROCESSING">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #MOBILE AGENT -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#MOBILE AGENT">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #MULTI-AGENT SYSTEM -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#MULTI-AGENT SYSTEM">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
    <p1:sub-topicOf rdf:resource="#ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #NETWORK SECURITY -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#NETWORK SECURITY">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
    <p1:sub-topicOf rdf:resource="#SECURITY"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #REPRESENTATION LANGUAGE -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#REPRESENTATION LANGUAGE">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #SCIENTIFIC DATABASE -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#SCIENTIFIC DATABASE">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #SEARCH PROCESS -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#SEARCH PROCESS">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #SEMANTIC NETWORK -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#SEMANTIC NETWORK">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>



<!-- #SPEECH RECOGNITION AND SYNTHESIS -->

<NamedIndividual rdf:about="#SPEECH RECOGNITION AND SYNTHESIS">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="#OWLThing"/>
</NamedIndividual>

​

错误：

代码语言：javascript
复制
org.semanticweb.owlapi.io.UnparsableOntologyException: Problem parsing string:ontology405

无法解析本体。要么找不到合适的解析器，要么解析失败。有关解释，请参见下面的解析器日志。尝试了下列解析器：

1) RDFXMLParser 2) OWLXMLParser 3) OWLFunctionalSyntaxOWLParser 4) TurtleOntologyParser 5) OWLOBOParser 6) KRSS2OWLParser 7) ManchesterOWLSyntaxOntologyParser

详细日志：

代码语言：javascript
复制
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parser: RDFXMLParser
org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.syntax.RDFParserException: [line=126:column=66] IRI '#ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE' cannot be resolved against curent base IRI http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parser: OWLXMLParser
Attribute not found: IRI (Line 24)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parser: OWLFunctionalSyntaxOWLParser
Encountered " <ERROR> "< "" at line 1, column 1.
Was expecting:
    "Ontology" ...
     (Line 0)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parser: TurtleOntologyParser
uk.ac.manchester.cs.owl.owlapi.turtle.parser.ParseException: Encountered "" at line 1, column 1.
Was expecting one of:


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parser: OWLOBOParser
org.coode.owlapi.obo.parser.TokenMgrError: Lexical error at line 8, column 5.  Encountered: "\r" (13), after : ""

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parser: KRSS2OWLParser
de.uulm.ecs.ai.owlapi.krssparser.ParseException: Encountered " ">" "<rdf:RDF xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#\"\r\n     xml:base=\"http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl\"\r\n     xmlns:rdfs=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#\"\r\n     xmlns:p1=\"#\"\r\n     xmlns:owl=\"http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#\"\r\n     xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#\"\r\n     xmlns:rdf=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#\"> "" at line 1, column 1.
Was expecting:
    <EOF> 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parser: ManchesterOWLSyntaxOntologyParser
Encountered '<rdf:RDF xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"' at line 1 column 1.  Expected either 'Ontology:' or 'Prefix:' (Line 1)


    at uk.ac.manchester.cs.owl.owlapi.ParsableOWLOntologyFactory.loadOWLOntology(ParsableOWLOntologyFactory.java:236)
    at uk.ac.manchester.cs.owl.owlapi.OWLOntologyManagerImpl.loadOntology(OWLOntologyManagerImpl.java:827)
    at uk.ac.manchester.cs.owl.owlapi.OWLOntologyManagerImpl.loadOntologyFromOntologyDocument(OWLOntologyManagerImpl.java:773)
    at uk.ac.manchester.cs.owl.validator.Validator.doValidation(Validator.java:101)
    at uk.ac.manchester.cs.owl.validator.Validator.doPost(Validator.java:85)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:647)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:728)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:171)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:953)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:408)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1023)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:589)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:310)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:724)
validation
parsing
owl
ontology
EN

回答 1

Stack Overflow用户

回答已采纳

发布于 2014-06-04 11:18:46

这是OWL本体的RDF表示的RDF/XML序列化，所以当验证器尝试使用一组不同的解析器时，您真正应该关注的唯一错误消息是

代码语言：javascript
复制
Parser: RDFXMLParser
org.semanticweb.owlapi.rdf.syntax.RDFParserException: [line=126:column=66] IRI '#ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE' cannot be resolved against curent base IRI http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl

顺便说一下，我希望这是因为#ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE中有一个空间，URI中不允许有空间，所以不可能通过这个基础来解决这个问题。我认为你需要移除这个空间，或者用其他的东西来代替这个空间。

而且，您不应该使用http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl作为您的基础，因为如果您最终会使用URI，如

代码语言：javascript
复制
http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ARTIFICIAL_INTELLIGENCE

您不应该在OWL命名空间中定义新的URI。

票数 2
EN
页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24034351

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