使用angular2从服务更新组件中的变量更改

Question

我的应用程序有一个包含名称的NameService。

应用程序有两个子组件，导航栏和TheContent，它们引用了这个服务。每当服务中的名称更改时，我希望它在其他两个组件中都更新。我该怎么做呢？

import {Component, Injectable} from 'angular2/core'

// Name Service

@Injectable()
class NameService {
  name: any;
  constructor() {
    this.name = "Jack";
  }
  change(){
    this.name = "Jane";
  }
}

// The navbar
@Component({
  selector: 'navbar',
  template: '<div>This is the navbar, user name is {{name}}.</div>'
})
export class Navbar {
  name: any;
  constructor(nameService: NameService) {
    this.name = nameService.name;
  }
}

// The content area
@Component({
  selector: 'thecontent',
  template: '<div>This is the content area. Hello user {{name}}. <button (click)=changeMyName()>Change the name</button></div>'
})
export class TheContent {

  name: any;

  constructor(public nameService: NameService) {
    this.name = nameService.name;
  }
  changeMyName() {
       this.nameService.change();
     console.log(this.nameService.name);
  }
}


@Component({
  selector: 'app',
  providers: [NameService],
  directives: [TheContent, Navbar],
  template: '<navbar></navbar><thecontent></thecontent>'
})
export class App {
  constructor(public nameService: NameService) {
  }
}

Answer 1

在服务中提供一个事件，并在组件中订阅它：

@Injectable()
class NameService {
  name: any;
  // EventEmitter should not be used this way - only for `@Output()`s
  //nameChange: EventEmitter<string> = new EventEmitter<string>();
  nameChange: Subject<string> = new Subject<string>();
  constructor() {
    this.name = "Jack";
  }
  change(){
    this.name = 'Jane';
    this.nameChange.next(this.name);
  }
}

export class SomeComponent { 
  constructor(private nameService: NameService) {
    this.name = nameService.name;
    this._subscription = nameService.nameChange.subscribe((value) => { 
      this.name = value; 
    });
  }

  ngOnDestroy() {
   //prevent memory leak when component destroyed
    this._subscription.unsubscribe();
  }
}

另请参阅

angular.io - COMPONENT INTERACTION - Parent and children communicate via a service

Answer 2

由于NameService中的name是一个基本类型，因此您将在服务和组件中获得不同的实例。当您在NameService中更改name时，组件属性仍然具有初始值，并且绑定不能按预期工作。

您应该在这里应用angular1“点规则”并绑定到引用类型。更改NameService以存储包含该名称的对象。

export interface Info {
   name:string;
}

@Injectable()
class NameService {
  info: Info = { name : "Jack" };
  change(){
    this.info.name = "Jane";
  }
}

您可以绑定到此对象并自动获取对name属性的更新。

// The navbar
@Component({
  selector: 'navbar',
  template: '<div>This is the navbar, user name is {{info.name}}.</div>'
})
export class Navbar {
  info: Info;
  constructor(nameService: NameService) {
    this.info = nameService.info;
  }
}