XmlSerializer添加属性

Question

我有这门课：

public class Movie
{
    public string VideoId { get; set; }
    public string Title { get; set; }
}

我有这些项的List<Movie>，我使用这段代码来序列化为xml文件：

string fileName = index + ".xml";
string serializationFile = Path.Combine(dir, fileName);

XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings();
settings.Indent = true;

using (var writer = XmlWriter.Create(serializationFile, settings))
{
    var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Movie>));
    serializer.Serialize(writer, tmpList);
}

这就是结果：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ArrayOfMovie xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <Movie>
    <VideoId>MyId</VideoId>
    <Title>MyTitle</Title>
  </Movie>
  <Movie>
    <VideoId>MyId1</VideoId>
    <Title>MyTitle1</Title>
  </Movie>
  <Movie>
    <VideoId>MyId2</VideoId>
    <Title>MyTitle2</Title>
  </Movie>
  <Movie>
    <VideoId>MyId3</VideoId>
    <Title>MyTitle3</Title>
  </Movie>
</ArrayOfMovie>

可以向ArrayOfMovie节点添加属性，如下所示：

<ArrayOfMovie xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" customattribute='Yes'>

Answer 1

是的，您可以使用XmlAttribute属性来完成这个任务。为了做到这一点，您需要定义自定义属性。它提供了表示数组(嵌套在根节点中)的另一个类的代价。如果您对此添加没有问题，那么解决方案可以如下所示：

public class ArrayOfMovie
{
    // define the custom attribute
    [XmlAttribute(AttributeName="CustomAttribute")]
    public String Custom { get; set; }
    // define the collection description
    [XmlArray(ElementName="Items")]
    public List<Movie> Items { get; set; }
}

public class Movie
{
    public string VideoId { get; set; }
    public string Title { get; set; }
}

然后像您已经做的那样创建、填充和序列化--新的一件事是填充您的自定义属性：

// create and fill the list
var tmpList = new List<Movie>();
tmpList.Add(new Movie { VideoId = "1", Title = "Movie 1" });
tmpList.Add(new Movie { VideoId = "2", Title = "Movie 2" });
// create the collection
var movies = new ArrayOfMovie 
            { 
                Items = tmpList, 
                Custom = "yes" // fill the custom attribute
            };
// serialize
using (var writer = XmlWriter.Create(serializationFile, settings))
{
    var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ArrayOfMovie));
    serializer.Serialize(writer, movies);
}

XML输出如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ArrayOfMovie   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
                xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" 
                CustomAttribute="yes">
  <Items>
    <Movie>
      <VideoId>1</VideoId>
      <Title>Movie 1</Title>
    </Movie>
    <Movie>
      <VideoId>2</VideoId>
      <Title>Movie 2</Title>
    </Movie>
  </Items>
</ArrayOfMovie>

Answer 2

序列化后可以这样做。代码框架如下所示：

    using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
    {
        XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings();
        settings.Indent = true;

        using (var writer = XmlWriter.Create(ms, settings))
        {
            var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Movie>));
            serializer.Serialize(writer, tmpList);
        }

        ms.Position = 0;
        XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(new XmlTextReader(ms));
        doc.Root.Add(new XAttribute("customAttribute", "Yes"));
        doc.Save(filename);
    }

Answer 3

您可能希望将List<Movie>包装在类中，然后序列化它。如下所示

class Program
{        
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        string fileName = "abcd2.xml";
        string serializationFile = Path.Combine(@"C:\", fileName);

        List<Movie> tmpList = new List<Movie>();
        tmpList.Add(new Movie() { VideoId = "1", Title = "Hello" });
        tmpList.Add(new Movie() { VideoId = "2", Title = "ABCD" });

        MovieList list = new MovieList("Yes", tmpList);

        XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings();
        settings.Indent = true;

        using (var writer = XmlWriter.Create(serializationFile, settings))
        {
            var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(MovieList));
            serializer.Serialize(writer, list);
        }
    }
}

public class MovieList
{
    private string custom;
    private List<Movie> movies;

    public MovieList() { }

    public MovieList(string custom, List<Movie> movies)
    {
        this.movies = movies;
        this.custom = custom;
    }

    [XmlAttribute]
    public string CustomAttribute
    {
        get { return this.custom; }
        set { this.custom = value; }
    }

    public List<Movie> Movies
    {
        get
        {
            return  movies;
        }
        set
        {
            this.movies = value;
        }
    }
}

public class Movie
{
    public string VideoId { get; set; }
    public string Title { get; set; }
}

代码可以改进很多。这只是一个例子片段。请查看以下MSDN链接：http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/58a18dwa(v=vs.110).aspx