Android和GDB调试

Question

我在用GDB (在Windows上)调试我的本机应用程序时遇到了问题，请原谅这篇文章的长度。我正在使用一个标准设置(带有ADT、ndk-build的Eclipse)。我的构建命令是：

ndk-build NDK_DEBUG=1 V=1

下面是我的Android.mk和Application.mk文件：

Android.mk:

LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)

include $(CLEAR_VARS)

FILE_LIST := $(wildcard $(LOCAL_PATH)/../../source/*.cpp)
FILE_LIST += $(wildcard $(LOCAL_PATH)/../../source/android/*.cpp)

LOCAL_MODULE        := RAGEAndroid
LOCAL_SRC_FILES     := $(FILE_LIST:$(LOCAL_PATH)/%=%)

LOCAL_LDLIBS        := -llog -landroid -lm -lEGL -lGLESv3
LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := android_native_app_glue

LOCAL_CPPFLAGS      := -std=c++11 -pthread -DRAGE_ANDROID #-ftemplate-backtrace-limit=0
ifeq ($(NDK_DEBUG),1)
    LOCAL_CPPFLAGS      += -DRAGE_DEBUG
endif

include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)

$(call import-module,android/native_app_glue)

Application.mk

APP_STL                 := gnustl_static
NDK_TOOLCHAIN_VERSION   := 4.8
APP_ABI                 := armeabi-v7a
APP_PLATFORM            := android-18

详细模式在生成过程中输出以下内容(目前只显示单个文件的构建，请注意，我只显示了一个.o文件被链接，而省略了其余的文件，以便于读取标记#省略其他.O FILES#)：

"E:\\Development\\Toolchains\\android-ndk-r9c\\ndk-build.cmd" NDK_DEBUG=1 V=1 all 
del /f/q .\libs\armeabi-v7a\libRAGEAndroid.so   >NUL 2>NUL
del /f/q .\libs\armeabi-v7a\gdbserver   >NUL 2>NUL
del /f/q .\libs\armeabi-v7a\gdb.setup   >NUL 2>NUL
[armeabi-v7a] Gdbserver      : [arm-linux-androideabi-4.8] libs/armeabi-v7a/gdbserver
copy /b/y "E:\Development\Toolchains\android-ndk-r9c\prebuilt\android-arm\gdbserver\gdbserver" ".\libs\armeabi-v7a\gdbserver" > NUL
[armeabi-v7a] Gdbsetup       : libs/armeabi-v7a/gdb.setup
E:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/echo.exe "set solib-search-path ./obj/local/armeabi-v7a" > ./libs/armeabi-v7a/gdb.setup
E:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/echo.exe "directory E:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/platforms/android-18/arch-arm/usr/include E:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/sources/android/native_app_glue E:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/sources/cxx-stl/gnu-libstdc++/4.8/include E:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/sources/cxx-stl/gnu-libstdc++/4.8/libs/armeabi-v7a/include E:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/sources/cxx-stl/gnu-libstdc++/4.8/include/backward jni" >> ./libs/armeabi-v7a/gdb.setup
[armeabi-v7a] Compile++ thumb: RAGEAndroid <= main.cpp
E:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-g++ -MMD -MP -MF ./obj/local/armeabi-v7a/objs-debug/RAGEAndroid/__/__/source/android/main.o.d -fpic -ffunction-sections -funwind-tables -fstack-protector -no-canonical-prefixes -march=armv7-a -mfloat-abi=softfp -mfpu=vfpv3-d16 -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -mthumb -Os -g -DNDEBUG -fomit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -finline-limit=64 -O0 -UNDEBUG -marm -fno-omit-frame-pointer -IE:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/sources/android/native_app_glue -IE:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/sources/cxx-stl/gnu-libstdc++/4.8/include -IE:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/sources/cxx-stl/gnu-libstdc++/4.8/libs/armeabi-v7a/include -IE:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/sources/cxx-stl/gnu-libstdc++/4.8/include/backward -Ijni -DANDROID  -Wa,--noexecstack -Wformat -Werror=format-security -std=c++11 -pthread -DRAGE_ANDROID -DRAGE_DEBUG     -IE:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/platforms/android-18/arch-arm/usr/include -c  jni/../../source/android/main.cpp -o ./obj/local/armeabi-v7a/objs-debug/RAGEAndroid/__/__/source/android/main.o 
[armeabi-v7a] SharedLibrary  : libRAGEAndroid.so
E:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-g++ -Wl,-soname,libRAGEAndroid.so -shared --sysroot=E:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/platforms/android-18/arch-arm ./obj/local/armeabi-v7a/objs-debug/RAGEAndroid/__/__/source/aabb.o #OMITTED OTHER .O FILES# -Wl,--fix-cortex-a8  -Wl,--no-undefined -Wl,-z,noexecstack -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now  -LE:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/platforms/android-18/arch-arm/usr/lib -llog -landroid -lm -lEGL -lGLESv3 -llog -lc -lm -o ./obj/local/armeabi-v7a/libRAGEAndroid.so
[armeabi-v7a] Install        : libRAGEAndroid.so => libs/armeabi-v7a/libRAGEAndroid.so
copy /b/y ".\obj\local\armeabi-v7a\libRAGEAndroid.so" ".\libs\armeabi-v7a\libRAGEAndroid.so" > NUL
E:/Development/Toolchains/android-ndk-r9c/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-strip --strip-unneeded  ./libs/armeabi-v7a/libRAGEAndroid.so

可以看到，该文件是使用-g标志编译的，之后的-O0设置在-UNDEBUG -marm -fno-省略帧指针之前。还请注意，在最后一行中，执行了arm-linux条形带-不需要的。

在调试模式中，主函数中调用的第一行本机代码将休眠，以确保我们有足够的时间让GDB连接：

sleep(5);

我右键单击我的项目并选择"Debug As ->本地安卓应用程序“，GDB输出以下内容：

warning: Could not load shared library symbols for 98 libraries, e.g. /system/bin/linker.
Use the "info sharedlibrary" command to see the complete listing.
Do you need "set solib-search-path" or "set sysroot"?
warning: Unable to find dynamic linker breakpoint function.
GDB will retry eventurally.  Meanwhile, it is likely
that GDB is unable to debug shared library initializers
or resolve pending breakpoints after dlopen().
[New Thread 19838]
[New Thread 19840]
[New Thread 19841]
[New Thread 19842]
[New Thread 19843]
[New Thread 19844]
[New Thread 19845]
[New Thread 19846]
[New Thread 19847]
[New Thread 19850]
No symbol table is loaded.  Use the "file" command.

一段时间后，如果我暂停执行并输入信息共享库，这是输出：

info sharedlibrary
warning: Could not load shared library symbols for 5 libraries, e.g. eglsubAndroid.so.
Use the "info sharedlibrary" command to see the complete listing.
Do you need "set solib-search-path" or "set sysroot"?
From        To          Syms Read   Shared Object Library
                    No          /system/bin/linker
                    No          libc.so
                    No          libstdc++.so
                    No          libm.so
                    No          liblog.so
                    No          libcutils.so
                    No          libgccdemangle.so
                    No          libcorkscrew.so
                    No          libutils.so
                    No          libbinder.so
                    No          libhardware.so
                    No          libmemtrack.so
                    No          libz.so
                    No          libandroidfw.so
                    No          libexpat.so
                    No          libstlport.so
                    No          libnativehelper.so
                    No          libnetutils.so
                    No          libsync.so
                    No          libui.so
                    No          libGLES_trace.so
                    No          libEGL.so
                    No          libGLESv2.so
                    No          libgui.so
                    No          libinput.so
                    No          libcamera_metadata.so
                    No          libcamera_client.so
                    No          libpng.so
                    No          libft2.so
                    No          libjpeg.so
                    No          libgabi++.so
                    No          libicuuc.so
                    No          libicui18n.so
                    No          libskia.so
                    No          libsqlite.so
                    No          libGLESv1_CM.so
                    No          libETC1.so
                    No          libwpa_client.so
                    No          libhardware_legacy.so
                    No          libselinux.so
                    No          libsonivox.so
                    No          libcrypto.so
                    No          libssl.so
                    No          libstagefright_foundation.so
                    No          libspeexresampler.so
                    No          libaudioutils.so
                    No          libmedia.so
                    No          libusbhost.so
                    No          libharfbuzz_ng.so
                    No          libLLVM.so
                    No          libbcinfo.so
                    No          libbcc.so
                    No          libRS.so
                    No          libRScpp.so
                    No          libhwui.so
                    No          libandroid_runtime.so
                    No          libdvm.so
                    No          libjavacore.so
                    No          memtrack.msm8974.so
                    No          libdrmframework.so
                    No          libdrmframework_jni.so
                    No          libconnectivitymanager.so
                    No          libstagefright_omx.so
                    No          libstagefright_yuv.so
                    No          libvorbisidec.so
                    No          libpowermanager.so
                    No          libstagefright_enc_common.so
                    No          libstagefright_avc_common.so
                    No          libstagefright.so
                    No          libmtp.so
                    No          libexif.so
                    No          libstagefright_amrnb_common.so
                    No          libmedia_jni.so
                    No          libexif_jni.so
                    No          libcommon_time_client.so
                    No          libnbaio.so
                    No          libeffects.so
                    No          libaudioflinger.so
                    No          libvideoeditor_osal.so
                    No          libvideoeditor_videofilters.so
                    No          libvideoeditorplayer.so
                    No          libvideoeditor_core.so
                    No          libvideoeditor_jni.so
                    No          librs_jni.so
                    No          libandroid.so
                    No          libwilhelm.so
                    No          libOpenSLES.so
                    No          libjnigraphics.so
                    No          libwebviewchromium.so
                    No          libwebviewchromium_plat_support.so
                    No          libjavacrypto.so
                    No          libgsl.so
                    No          libadreno_utils.so
                    No          libEGL_adreno.so
                    No          libGLESv1_CM_adreno.so
                    No          libGLESv2_adreno.so
                    No          libGLESv3.so
                    No          libRAGEAndroid.so
                    No          eglsubAndroid.so
                    No          libsc-a3xx.so
                    No          libqdutils.so
                    No          libmemalloc.so
                    No          gralloc.msm8974.so

如果我在libRAGEAndroid.so库(我的库)上使用了file命令，这就是我得到的(省略了完整的路径)：

file "#OMITTED PROJECT PATH#/libs/armeabi-v7a/libRAGEAndroid.so"

A program is being debugged already.
Are you sure you want to change the file? (y or n) [answered Y; input not from terminal]
Reading symbols from E:/Cloud/Dropbox/Development/Projects/PC/RAGE (Rajveer Aujla Game Engine)/0.0.21/RAGE/android/libs/armeabi-v7a/libRAGEAndroid.so...done.

WARNING: no debugging symbols found in E:/Cloud/Dropbox/Development/Projects/PC/RAGE (Rajveer Aujla Game Engine)/0.0.21/RAGE/android/libs/armeabi-v7a/libRAGEAndroid.so.
Either the binary was compiled without debugging information
or the debugging information was removed (e.g., with strip or strip -g).
Debugger capabilities will be very limited.
For further information: http://wiki/Main/GdbFaq#No_debugging_symbols_found

如果我将其替换为obj/local/armeabi-v7a中的预剥离文件，然后再次执行相同的文件命令，则得到：

file "E:/Cloud/Dropbox/Development/Projects/PC/RAGE (Rajveer Aujla Game Engine)/0.0.21/RAGE/android/libs/armeabi-v7a/libRAGEAndroid.so"
A program is being debugged already.
Are you sure you want to change the file? (y or n) [answered Y; input not from terminal]
Reading symbols from E:/Cloud/Dropbox/Development/Projects/PC/RAGE (Rajveer Aujla Game Engine)/0.0.21/RAGE/android/libs/armeabi-v7a/libRAGEAndroid.so...done.
Error in re-setting breakpoint 1: Cannot access memory at address 0x14ae08

我有点不知所措，所以希望有更多经验的人能帮我解决问题！

Answer 1

ndk插件在幕后所做的是生成gdb脚本和一个批处理脚本(在windows上)，以从设备中提取所需的二进制文件，并将正确版本的gdbserver推到设备上。

无论出于什么原因，如果你不正确的一件事，其中一个移动的部分将失败，你将继续鹅肝酱。我不像AOSP本机调试那样经常进行NDK调试。当我这样做时，我使用普通的eclipse调试配置来调试远程C/C++应用程序，并手动配置gdb和gdb脚本。你可以完全控制一切。

请查看调试Android Java应用程序的本机代码的文章。您可能需要查看生成的NDK脚本，以查看插件从NDK文件夹中使用的gdb/gdbserver组合。您可以将它们复制到单独的文件夹中，并在eclipse配置中使用它们。您必须创建一个指向源的虚拟c/c++项目，并在远程调试配置中使用该项目。您需要记住的是，这个项目是为了调试，而不是为了构建源代码。您应该将NDK项目用于构建代码。