如何为不同版本的Python安装软件包？

Question

我安装了几个版本的python：

root@10:~/projects/cobbler# whereis python
python: /usr/bin/python2.6-config /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.6 /etc/python2.7 /etc/python /etc/python2.6 /usr/lib/python2.7 /usr/lib/python3.1 /usr/lib/python2.6 /usr/lib64/python2.7 /usr/lib64/python3.1 /usr/lib64/python2.6 /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/bin/python2.7-config /usr/local/lib/python2.7 /usr/local/lib/python2.6 /usr/include/python2.7 /usr/include/python2.6 /usr/share/python /usr/share/man/man1/python.1.gz
root@10:~/projects/cobbler# /usr/bin/python --version
Python 2.6.5
root@10:~/projects/cobbler# /usr/bin/python2.7 --version
Python 2.7.4
root@10:~/projects/cobbler# 

然后，当我需要一个包时，pip会将它安装到2.6版本：

root@10:~/projects/cobbler# python setup.py build
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "setup.py", line 2, in <module>
    import glob, os, sys, time, yaml
ImportError: No module named yaml
root@10:~/projects/cobbler# pip install pyyaml
Requirement already satisfied: pyyaml in /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages
Installing collected packages: pyyaml
Successfully installed pyyaml

我来自红宝石的背景。为特定的python版本安装python包的方法是什么？

而使用virtualenv似乎并不适用于安装软件包？

(virt_env_2.7.5)root@10:~/virt_env_2.7.5# python /root/projects/cobbler/setup.py build
running build
running build_py
building koan man page.
sh: cannot create ./docs/koan.1.gz: Directory nonexistent
Can't open ./docs/koan.pod: No such file or directory at /usr/bin/pod2man line 59
Creation of koan manpage failed.

Answer 1

每个python的安装都应该有自己的pip安装。然后，通过调用正确的pip，您可以为特定版本的python安装软件包。

您可能已经为每个版本的python安装了pip。例如，查看您的virtualenv的bin目录(包含activate脚本的同一个目录)。

如果不是，here are instructions介绍了如何安装pip。在运行/path/to/python get-pip.py时，一定要为python可执行文件提供完整的路径。您指定其可执行文件的python的安装是pip在安装包时会影响的安装。