如何减少vim的启动时间？

Question

我是我的病毒

我发现在终端中加载.vimrc需要很长时间：

$ vim --startuptime myvimrctime
$ cat myvimrctime
....
152.762  147.219  054.849: sourcing $HOME/.vimrc
....

我为维明弗做了一些优化

  set viminfo=%,<800,'10,/50,:100,h,f0,n~/.vim/cache/.viminfo

但还是要花太多的时间。

我是time vim

[marslo@MarsloJiao ~]
$ time vim
real    0m1.877s
user    0m0.204s
sys         0m0.028s

如何减少vim的启动时间？谢谢。

​

顺便说一句，这里有三个项目也需要很多时间，如下所示，有什么方法可以在vim启动之后启动这些文件吗？

​

050.213  043.340  043.340: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/filetype.vim
050.334  044.509  000.409: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/syntax/syntax.vim
143.985  040.931  037.467: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/filetype.vim

奇怪的是，从054.490跳到141.158的时钟没有任何理由(vundle config只需要000.184)：

054.490  000.184  000.184: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/vundle/autoload/vundle/config.vim
141.158  002.377  002.377: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/vim-ruby/ftdetect/ruby.vim

​

我又创建了新的--启动时间文件。以下是完整的日志：

​

times in msec
 clock   self+sourced   self:  sourced script
 clock   elapsed:              other lines

000.013  000.013: --- VIM STARTING ---
050.538  050.525: Allocated generic buffers
110.662  060.124: locale set
124.156  013.494: GUI prepared
222.567  098.411: clipboard setup
222.610  000.043: window checked
465.327  242.717: inits 1
465.344  000.017: parsing arguments
465.348  000.004: expanding arguments
465.383  000.035: shell init
465.846  000.463: Termcap init
465.912  000.066: inits 2
466.107  000.195: init highlight
682.019  000.574  000.574: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/syntax/syncolor.vim
682.360  001.624  001.050: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/syntax/synload.vim
740.232  031.815  031.815: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/filetype.vim
740.351  073.003  039.564: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/syntax/syntax.vim
740.490  000.023  000.023: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/filetype.vim
784.275  000.101  000.101: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/ftplugin.vim
863.519  056.517  056.517: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/macros/matchit.vim
865.282  001.188  001.188: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/ftoff.vim
1000.218  000.258  000.258: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/vundle/autoload/vundle.vim
1054.471  000.234  000.234: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/vundle/autoload/vundle/config.vim
1585.009  002.401  002.401: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/vim-ruby/ftdetect/ruby.vim
1589.847  000.516  000.516: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/vim-javascript/ftdetect/javascript.vim
1600.298  000.232  000.232: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/vim-javascript-syntax/ftdetect/javascript.vim
1609.818  000.376  000.376: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/vim-markdown/ftdetect/mkd.vim
1638.215  124.558  121.033: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/filetype.vim
1640.109  000.055  000.055: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/ftplugin.vim
1651.369  000.189  000.189: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/indent.vim
1681.203  000.767  000.767: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/syntax/syncolor.vim
1686.380  000.729  000.729: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/syntax/syncolor.vim
1689.126  000.719  000.719: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/syntax/syncolor.vim
1691.276  027.443  025.228: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/marslo.vim/colors/marslo256.vim
1692.803  1160.345  877.776: sourcing $HOME/.vimrc
1692.839  066.387: sourcing vimrc file(s)
1720.420  000.418  000.418: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/ctrlp.vim/autoload/ctrlp/mrufiles.vim
1720.883  009.810  009.392: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/ctrlp.vim/plugin/ctrlp.vim
1742.318  001.396  001.396: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/tagbar/plugin/tagbar.vim
1747.987  000.292  000.292: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/authorinfo/plugin/authorinfo.vim
1758.222  003.409  003.409: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/EnhCommentify.vim/plugin/EnhancedCommentify.vim
1779.670  002.103  002.103: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/supertab/plugin/supertab.vim
1788.557  001.838  001.838: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/auto-pairs/plugin/auto-pairs.vim
1809.937  001.491  001.491: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/snipmate.vim/plugin/snipMate.vim
1813.891  000.471  000.471: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/Conque-Shell/plugin/conque_term.vim
1854.376  019.755  019.755: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/mru.vim/plugin/mru.vim
1856.948  001.377  001.377: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/taglist.vim/plugin/taglist.vim
1877.552  003.597  003.597: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/winmanager/plugin/winfileexplorer.vim
1882.273  004.192  004.192: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/winmanager/plugin/winmanager.vim
1894.960  001.489  001.489: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/winmanager/plugin/wintagexplorer.vim
1918.938  000.482  000.482: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/python_fold/plugin/python_fold.vim
1944.447  001.214  001.214: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/vim-rails/plugin/rails.vim
1998.414  002.073  002.073: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/vim-textobj-user/autoload/textobj/user.vim
2015.845  048.452  046.379: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/vim-textobj-rubyblock/plugin/textobj/rubyblock.vim
2034.279  000.329  000.329: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/ruby-matchit/plugin/ruby-matchit.vim
2063.907  001.131  001.131: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/vim-surround/plugin/surround.vim
2105.056  018.511  018.511: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/rainbow/plugin/rainbow.vim
2130.447  000.401  000.401: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/plugin/getscriptPlugin.vim
2131.959  000.904  000.904: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/plugin/gzip.vim
2132.955  000.557  000.557: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/plugin/matchparen.vim
2134.955  001.501  001.501: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/plugin/netrwPlugin.vim
2135.455  000.100  000.100: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/plugin/rrhelper.vim
2135.852  000.084  000.084: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/plugin/spellfile.vim
2136.666  000.501  000.501: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/plugin/tarPlugin.vim
2137.312  000.215  000.215: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/plugin/tohtml.vim
2137.972  000.335  000.335: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/plugin/vimballPlugin.vim
2138.870  000.540  000.540: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/tools/vim74/share/vim/vim74/plugin/zipPlugin.vim
2157.065  000.696  000.696: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/indentLine/after/plugin/indentLine.vim
2184.847  006.999  006.999: sourcing /home/marslo/.vim/bundle/snipmate.vim/after/plugin/snipMate.vim
2185.397  359.386: loading plugins
2187.454  002.057: inits 3
2195.983  008.529: reading viminfo
2242.679  046.696: setup clipboard
2242.716  000.037: setting raw mode
2242.760  000.044: start termcap
2242.859  000.099: clearing screen
2247.092  004.233: opening buffers
2248.580  001.488: BufEnter autocommands
2248.593  000.013: editing files in windows
2249.224  000.631: VimEnter autocommands
2249.231  000.007: before starting main loop
2251.990  002.759: first screen update
2251.999  000.009: --- VIM STARTED ---

Answer 1

您的~/.vimrc是来源的，这意味着每一行在初始化时都由Vim计算，包括您的所有函数。您应该将所有函数移到autoload目录中。有关详细信息，请参阅:help autoload，但下面是一个简化的示例。

如果你的~/.vimrc里有这个

function! MyFunc()
    " code
endfunction

autocmd BufWinEnter * call MyFunc()

您可以创建~/.vim/autoload/functions.vim并将函数移到那里：

function functions#MyFunc()
    " code
endfunction

把这个留在你的~/.vimrc里

autocmd BufWinEnter * call functions#MyFunc()

在这种形式下，Vim将不需要解析函数，直到它被实际调用。

另一个优化可能是将所有的autocmd FileType移动到适当的ftplugins。

现在，在你的~/.vimrc

autocmd FileType ruby setlocal something

之后，在~/.vim/after/ftplugin/ruby.vim中

setlocal something

Answer 2

也许您应该从Vundle切换到NeoBundle。它有NeoBundleLazy选项，只在请求时才自动加载插件。该由你来决定这是如何实现的。它通过命令、映射、文件类型、unite等其他插件的调用来支持激活。

例如，看看我的vimrc中的部分：

NeoBundleLazy 'klen/python-mode'          , { 'filetypes' : ['python'] }
NeoBundleLazy 'Decho'                     , { 'filetypes' : ['vim']  }
NeoBundleLazy 'othree/html5.vim'          , { 'filetypes' : [ 'html', 'css' ] } }
NeoBundleLazy 'majkinetor/unite-cmdmatch' , { 'depends': 'Shougo/unite.vim' , 'mappings' : [['c' , '<Plug>(unite_cmdmatch_complete)']] }

上面的代码意味着，只有在打开特定文件类型时才会加载前3个插件，但一旦您按下插件定义的映射(它本身由cmap映射)，最后一个插件就会加载。

还有一种方法可以将插件集分组为函数，并同时加载它们(例如，通过热键或手动加载)。