impdp不创建用户/架构。

Question

我是甲骨文。我试图将(expdp/impdp)模式(没有数据)从一台计算机复制到另一台计算机。我不想要任何重新映射。我只想在targetHOST上创建空表结构。我得到的错误是：

ORA-39083: Object type PROCACT_SCHEMA failed to create with error:
ORA-31625: Schema ZABBIX is needed to import this object, but is unaccessible
ORA-01435: user does not exist

我的理解是，如果执行导入的用户拥有“导入完整数据库”权限，它将在targetHOST中创建用户/模式。我把它交给了“scott”，也尝试过同样的错误。

• DB版本: SQL*Plus: Version11.2.0.1.0版本在清华10月24日14:27:41 2013
• 如果重要的话，sourceHOST上的DB版本是11.2.0.3
• 操作系统: Linux targetHOST 2.6.18-308.el5 #1 SMP Fri Jan 27 17:17:51 EST 2012 x86_64 GNU/Linux

导入错误：

(0)oracle@targetHOST$  sqlplus system/manager
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Oct 24 14:27:41 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> select * from session_privs;

PRIVILEGE
----------------------------------------
IMPORT FULL DATABASE
CREATE SESSION

.......200 other privileges.......

202 rows selected.

SQL> ^D

(0)oracle@targetHOST$ 

(0)oracle@targetHOST$ impdp system/oracle123 directory=TEST_DIR dumpfile=ZABBIX.dmp logfile=impdpZabbix.log

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Oct 24 14:14:51 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Master table "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01":  system/******** directory=TEST_DIR dumpfile=ZABBIX.dmp logfile=impdpZabbix.log
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
ORA-39083: Object type PROCACT_SCHEMA failed to create with error:
ORA-31625: Schema ZABBIX is needed to import this object, but is unaccessible
ORA-01435: user does not exist
Failing sql is:
BEGIN
sys.dbms_logrep_imp.instantiate_schema(schema_name=>SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','CURRENT_SCHEMA'), export_db_name=>'XXX.YYY.COM', inst_scn=>'7788478540892');COMMIT; END;
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
ORA-39083: Object type TABLE:"ZABBIX"."TABLE1" failed to create with error:
ORA-01918: user 'ZABBIX' does not exist
Failing sql is:
CREATE TABLE "ZABBIX"."TABLE1" ("COLUMN1" VARCHAR2(20 BYTE) NOT NULL ENABLE, "COLUMN2" VARCHAR2(20 BYTE), "COLUMN3" VARCHAR2(20 BYTE)) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645 PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAU
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Job "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" completed with 2 error(s) at 14:14:53

(5)oracle@targetHOST$

出口日志可以在这里找到。

Answer 1

所以我自己想出来了。

如果要重新映射到的架构不存在，则导入操作将创建该架构，条件是转储文件集包含必要的CREATE用户元数据，并且您正在以足够的权限进行导入。

这意味着导出模式的oracle用户应该拥有CREATE USER特权。虽然我没有重新映射，导出部分是相关的，因为我的用户(ZABBIX)是一个基本用户，而不是DBA/create用户特权。

在我的例子中，我做了‘给ZABBIX创建用户的授权’，再次运行导出，这一次处理了一些额外的“对象类型”。

当zabbix用户没有“CREATE”特权时的旧输出：

(0)oracle@sourceHOST$ expdp zabbix/zabbix schemas=ZABBIX content=METADATA_ONLY directory=TEST_DIR dumpfile=ZABBIX.dmp logfile=expdpZABBIX.log
.......
Starting "ZABBIX"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01":  zabbix/******** schemas=ZABBIX content=METADATA_ONLY directory=TEST_DIR dumpfile=ZABBIX.dmp logfile=expdpZABBIX.log
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Master table "ZABBIX"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
.......

新产出：

(0)oracle@sourceHOST$ expdp zabbix/zabbix schemas=ZABBIX content=METADATA_ONLY directory=TEST_DIR dumpfile=ZABBIX.dmp logfile=expdpZABBIX.log
.......
Starting "ZABBIX"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01":  zabbix/******** schemas=ZABBIX content=METADATA_ONLY directory=TEST_DIR dumpfile=ZABBIX.dmp logfile=expdpZABBIX.log
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Master table "ZABBIX"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
.......

注意处理对象类型SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER, SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT, SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT, SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE。

简单得多的解决方案:使用“system”运行expdp和impdp。它有它自己的陷阱，但对我来说，这是最好的。