将Oracle语句迁移到PostgreSQL UPSERT语句

Question

请帮助我将下面的Oracle9.3语句转换为一个有效的MERGE语句，以便在PostgreSQL 9.3数据库中使用。

MERGE INTO my_table a
     USING (SELECT v_c1 key,
                   v_c2 AS pkey,
                   v_c3 AS wcount,
                   v_c4 AS dcount
              FROM DUAL) b
        ON (    a.key = b.key
            AND a.pkey = b.pkey
WHEN MATCHED
THEN
   UPDATE SET wcount = b.wcount,
              dcount = b.dcount
WHEN NOT MATCHED
THEN
   INSERT     (key,
               pkey,
               wcount,
               dcount)
    VALUES(b.key,b.pkey,b.wcount,b.dcount);

Answer 1

我认为在PostgreSQL 9.3中没有UPSERT语句，但是您可以这样做：

with cte_dual as (
    select
        v_c1 as key,
        v_c2 as pkey,
        v_c3 as wcount,
        v_c4 as dcount
), cte_update as (
    update my_table as a set
        wcount = b.wcount,
        dcount = b.dcount
    from cte_dual as b
    where b.key = a.key and b.pkey = a.pkey
    returning *
)
insert into my_table (key, pkey, wcount, dcount)
select d.key, d.pkey, d.wcount, d.dcount
from cte_dual as d
where not exists (select * from cte_update as u WHERE u.key = d.key and u.pkey = d.pkey)

你可以阅读几个类似的问题：

• How to UPSERT (MERGE, INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE UPDATE) in PostgreSQL?
• Insert, on duplicate update in PostgreSQL?

Answer 2

我今天讲了这篇文章，阅读了这些文档，最终使用了一些非常类似于我所理解的文档现在对UPSERT的建议。

INSERT INTO table (
    $INSERT_COLUMN_NAMES
)
VALUES (
    $INSERT_COLUMN_VALUES
)
ON CONFLICT (
    $LIST_OF_PRIMARY_KEY_COLUMN_NAMES
)
DO UPDATE SET
    $UPDATE_SET_SUBCLAUSE
WHERE 
    $WHERE_CONDITION_ON_PRIMARY_KEYS
;

我实际上是在DAO级别上工作，所以目前我无法提供一个有意义的例子，稍后将对此进行回顾。

如果我没搞错的话，工作也很顺利。我觉得我不得不创建一个不存在但实际上属于那里的主键。

Answer 3

在Postgres 9.3中的作品，

例子-

WITH upsert as
 (update mytable2 m set sales=m.sales+d.sales, status=d.status from mytable d where m.pid=d.pid
 RETURNING m.*
)
insert into mytable2 select a.pid, a.sales,'NEW' from mytable a where a.pid not in (select b.pid from mytable2 b);