如何在Play Framework2.2.0Scala (spec2，Mockito)中测试akka演员

Question

我正在尝试用Play框架设置一些单元测试。我的很多逻辑都建立在预定的akka演员中，这些演员会在后台进行数据收集。我的问题是我不知道如何对它们进行单元测试。我根本不知道该如何接近它。我试着用阿克卡测试包，但我基本上是在四处乱晃。有没有人对如何接近它有任何建议？例子将是非常有用的。这是我目前正在处理的令人憎恶的一个例子：

package test

import org.specs2.mutable._
import controllers.Scanner
import java.util.UUID
import org.joda.time.DateTime
import akka.testkit.TestActorRef
import play.api.Logger
import play.api.test.{FakeApplication, TestServer}
import models.PSqlEnum

class ScannerTest extends Specification {
  val appId = UUID.randomUUID()
  val app = models.App(appId, "TestApp", "TestServer", "TestComponent", "Test Description", DateTime.now(),
                       DateTime.now(), true, 3, 60, PSqlEnum("scanType", "mandatory"), "http://localhost")
  val rules = <Rule name="DivisionDataIsAvailable" elementsToCheck="DivisionDataIsAvailable"
                    ruleType="is, true, yellow" />
              <Rule name="DivisionDataLoadIsHealthy" elementsToCheck="DivisionDataLoadIsHealthy"
                    ruleType="is, true, red" />;

  "Scanner" should {
    "test something" in {
      val fakeApp = TestServer(3333)
      fakeApp.start()
      implicit val actorSystem = play.api.libs.concurrent.Akka.system(fakeApp.application)
      val scanner = TestActorRef(new Scanner(app, rules)).underlyingActor
      Logger.warn(scanner.getResponseFromWebService.toString)
      fakeApp.stop()
      1 === 1
    }
  }
}

这显然不是真的测试任何东西。我基本上是想让它在这一点上通过1 === 1，只是为了看看我是否能让运行时错误停止。此代码正在生成的错误如下：

INFO  - Starting application default Akka system.
[info] ScannerTest
[info] Scanner should
[info] ! test something
[error]     ThrowableException: akka.actor.LocalActorRef.<init>(Lakka/actor/ActorSystemImpl;Lakka/actor/Props;Lakka/actor/InternalActorRef;Lakka/actor/ActorPath;)V (TestActorRef.scala:21)
[error] akka.testkit.TestActorRef.<init>(TestActorRef.scala:21)
[error] akka.testkit.TestActorRef$.apply(TestActorRef.scala:135)
[error] akka.testkit.TestActorRef$.apply(TestActorRef.scala:132)
[error] akka.testkit.TestActorRef$.apply(TestActorRef.scala:125)
[error] test.ScannerTest$$anonfun$1$$anonfun$apply$3.apply(ScannerTest.scala:27)
[error] test.ScannerTest$$anonfun$1$$anonfun$apply$3.apply(ScannerTest.scala:23)
[error] akka.actor.LocalActorRef.<init>(Lakka/actor/ActorSystemImpl;Lakka/actor/Props;Lakka/actor/InternalActorRef;Lakka/actor/ActorPath;)V
[error] akka.testkit.TestActorRef.<init>(TestActorRef.scala:21)
[error] akka.testkit.TestActorRef$.apply(TestActorRef.scala:135)
[error] akka.testkit.TestActorRef$.apply(TestActorRef.scala:132)
[error] akka.testkit.TestActorRef$.apply(TestActorRef.scala:125)
[error] test.ScannerTest$$anonfun$1$$anonfun$apply$3.apply(ScannerTest.scala:27)
[error] test.ScannerTest$$anonfun$1$$anonfun$apply$3.apply(ScannerTest.scala:23)
[info] Total for specification ScannerTest
[info] Finished in 86 ms
[info] 1 example, 0 failure, 1 error
[info] test.ScannerTest

我认为我需要创建一个FakeApplication，并使用FakeApplication的Akka.system；但是，我不知道该如何做。老实说，我甚至不确定这是否正确的做法。如果我能生成一个通用的Akka.system并完成这项工作，我会欣喜若狂的。如果有人对如何解决这个问题有任何想法，我会非常感激的。

Answer 1

好吧，我想出来了。确保您使用的是正确版本的。在Play 2.2.0中，我试图使用akka 2.2.M3。很明显，这不管用。我必须将正确的依赖项放在我的Build.scala中，最终的结果是：

"com.typesafe.akka" %% "akka-testkit" % "2.2.0" % "test"

我的实际测试代码如下：

package test

import org.specs2.mutable._
import controllers.Scanner
import java.util.UUID
import org.joda.time.DateTime
import akka.testkit.TestActorRef
import play.api.Logger
import models.PSqlEnum
import akka.actor.ActorSystem
import com.typesafe.config.ConfigFactory
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext.Implicits.global

class ScannerTest extends Specification {
  val appId = UUID.randomUUID()
  val app = models.App(appId, "TestApp", "TestServer", "TestComponent", "Test Description", DateTime.now(),
                       DateTime.now(), true, 3, 60, PSqlEnum("scanType", "mandatory"), "http://localhost")
  val rules = <Rule name="DivisionDataIsAvailable" elementsToCheck="DivisionDataIsAvailable"
                    ruleType="is, true, yellow" />
              <Rule name="DivisionDataLoadIsHealthy" elementsToCheck="DivisionDataLoadIsHealthy"
                    ruleType="is, true, red" />;


  "Scanner" should {
    "test something" in {
      implicit val actorSystem = ActorSystem("testActorSystem", ConfigFactory.load())
      val scanner = TestActorRef(new Scanner(app, rules)).underlyingActor
      val response = scanner.getResponseFromWebService
      response onSuccess {
        case result => Logger.warn(result.toString)
      }
      response onFailure {
        case error => Logger.warn(error.toString)
      }
      1 === 1
    }
  }
}

显然，这个测试并没有真正做任何事情。正在评估的实际测试是1 === 1，它现在确实打印到日志上，这意味着我可以返回并验证数据类型和响应的有效负载，然后构建一些实际的单元测试。我希望有人发现这有用。但是，原始问题中的这些错误消息是由akka-testkit依赖项与Akka不同的版本引起的，这可能对某些人很有用。

Answer 2

我没有使用spec2或Mockito，但是在游戏2.2.1中，我要对Akka演员进行单元测试：

import org.specs2.mutable.Specification
import scala.concurrent.duration._
import org.scalatest.concurrent._
import akka.testkit._
import org.scalatest.matchers.ShouldMatchers
import org.scalatest.{FlatSpec, BeforeAndAfterAll}
import akka.actor.{Props, ActorSystem}
import akka.pattern.ask
import akka.util.Timeout
import scala.util.{Failure, Success}
import model.BlacklistEntry
import scala.concurrent.{Future, Promise, Await}
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext.Implicits.global
import play.api.test.FakeApplication
import model.BlacklistEntryImpl


class LicenceBlackListSpec(_system: ActorSystem) extends TestKit(_system) with ImplicitSender with ShouldMatchers with FlatSpec with BeforeAndAfterAll {
  play.api.Play.start(FakeApplication())

  import akka.testkit.TestKit._
  def this() = this( ActorSystem("LicenceBlackListSpec") )

  override def afterAll: Unit = {
    system.shutdown()
    system.awaitTermination(10.seconds)
  }

  implicit val timeout = Timeout(10 seconds)
  val blacklistRef = TestActorRef(Props[LicenceBlackList])

  "An LicenceBlackList Actor" should "be able to create a new blacklist entry" in {
    blacklistRef ! CreateEntry(BlacklistEntryImpl("NEW_KEY",1000,"Test creation"))

    val expected: BlacklistEntry = BlacklistEntryImpl("NEW_KEY", 1000 ,"Test creation")
    expectMsg( expected )
  }
}

您需要将最大规模的库作为一个依赖项，以及akka测试工具包：

"org.scalatest“% "scalatest_2.10”% "1.9.1“

希望这能帮上忙。

Answer 3

我不使用ActorSystem("testActorSystem“)，我试过允许play框架使用通常的akka插件。这种方法有很多好处:我可以在所有代码中使用play.api.libs.concurrent.Akka.system，我可以有额外的配置选项来理解booth和akka代码部分。

  class BaseActorTester (_app: Application) extends akka.testkit.TestKit(play.api.libs.concurrent.Akka.system(_app)) with FunSuiteLike with BeforeAndAfterAll {

   def this() = this(FakeApplication(additionalConfiguration=Map("currency.db"->"airando-test")))
   implicit val app: Application = _app
   implicit val ec = play.api.libs.concurrent.Akka.system.dispatcher

   override def beforeAll {
     Play.start(app)
   }
   // play plugin do it itself ??
   //override def afterAll {
   //  akka.testkit.TestKit.shutdownActorSystem(system)
   //}
   ...
  }