我已经写了一个小的“水印”程序,以添加一个自定义水印到图像。有两个水印--白色的和黑色的。水印总是放置在图像的左边底部。我克隆图像的该区域,以确定在该点上应该放置哪个水印(光区域上的黑色水印和黑暗区域上的白色水印)。
当我在我的机器上使用应用程序时(无论是在调试中还是在正常状态下)--没有问题。对所有图像进行处理,并将水印添加到正确的位置。
但是,在客户端机器上,程序会中断在克隆部件上抛出OutOfMemory异常的所有图像。
我知道,通常情况下,当我指定一个超出界限的区域时,OutOfMemory异常也会被抛出,但是由于该函数在我的机器上的工作方式很有魅力,所以我无法想象会出现这种情况。除此之外,这个程序不会在几次尝试之后就崩溃,它会破坏所有的克隆尝试。
是否存在文本(DrawString方法)并不重要。它在克隆人身上破了。
正在处理的图像很大,但不是“巨大”(最多6016x4000像素),但即使是较小的图像(3264x2448像素),客户端也会中断。
变量:
bmOriginal:原始位图
processImage:原始图像(pictureBox) - bmOriginal是该文件的位图副本
watermarkText:在水印下面获取额外信息的文本框
black和white:包含水印图像的图片框
watermarkCombo:用于选择自动、白色或黑色的组合框(自动失败)
代码:
using (Graphics gWatermark = Graphics.FromImage(bmOriginal))
{
gWatermark.InterpolationMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;
System.Drawing.SolidBrush drawBrush = new System.Drawing.SolidBrush(System.Drawing.Color.Black);
// position watermark - watermark should be 10% of the image height
int watermarkHeight = (int)(processImage.Image.Height * 0.1);
int watermarkPadding = (int)(watermarkHeight * 0.1); // not completely true, but asume watermark is square
Rectangle watermarkArea = new Rectangle(watermarkPadding, processImage.Image.Height - (watermarkPadding + (watermarkText.Text.Length == 0 ? 0 : watermarkPadding) + watermarkHeight), watermarkHeight, watermarkHeight);
// determine color watermark
bmWatermark = (Bitmap)black.Image;
if (watermarkCombo.SelectedIndex == 0)
{
using (Bitmap watermarkClone = bmOriginal.Clone(watermarkArea, bmOriginal.PixelFormat))
{
var pixels = Pixels(watermarkClone);
if (pixels.Average((Func<Color, decimal>)Intensity) < 110) // human eye adoption; normal threshold should be 128
{
bmWatermark = (Bitmap)white.Image;
drawBrush = new System.Drawing.SolidBrush(System.Drawing.Color.White);
}
}
}
else if (watermarkCombo.SelectedIndex == 1)
{
bmWatermark = (Bitmap)white.Image;
drawBrush = new System.Drawing.SolidBrush(System.Drawing.Color.White);
}
// draw the watermark
gWatermark.DrawImage(bmWatermark, watermarkArea.X, watermarkArea.Y, watermarkArea.Width, watermarkArea.Height);
// draw the text (if needed)
if (watermarkText.Text.Length > 0)
{
System.Drawing.Font drawFont = new System.Drawing.Font("Tahoma", (float)watermarkPadding);
gWatermark.DrawString(watermarkText.Text, drawFont, drawBrush, watermarkPadding, bmOriginal.Height - (watermarkPadding * 2));
}
}
bmOriginal.Save(System.IO.Path.Combine(diWatermarked.FullName, fileName), System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Jpeg);误差线:using (Bitmap watermarkClone = bmOriginal.Clone(watermarkArea, bmOriginal.PixelFormat))
现在的大问题是:我如何摆脱OutOfMemory的异常。有什么主意吗?
编辑时,我选择不自动确定水印的颜色,只需添加一个水印(比如说白色的),程序正常运行。我在错误日志中看到了堆栈跟踪(在捕获函数时,我输出了异常和-if任意内部异常)。
我知道很多使用Clone函数的OOM异常都是在指定超出界限的区域时发生的;但是这里的情况并非如此。
当我在调试模式下使用应用程序时,当我查看我的内存时,我开始于5.36 Gb的程序开始,在运行我提到的执行时,标准化的5.39GB(最大峰值为5.42GB),它不是疯狂地消耗内存。
我使用的代码确定了平均“颜色”(它来自StackOverflow上的某个人--我只是从其他一些答案中复制了这一点,但是找不到链接);
// functions used to determine watermark color
private static decimal ComponentAverage(decimal a, decimal b)
{
return Math.Min(a, b) + Math.Abs(a - b) / 2M;
}
private static decimal Intensity(Color color)
{
decimal result = color.A;
result = ComponentAverage(result, color.R);
result = ComponentAverage(result, color.G);
result = ComponentAverage(result, color.B);
return result;
}
private static IEnumerable<Color> Pixels(Bitmap bitmap)
{
for (int x = 0; x < bitmap.Width; x++)
for (int y = 0; y < bitmap.Height; y++)
yield return bitmap.GetPixel(x, y);
}源代码这里有一个测试项目:http://hotpepper.nu/oomtestapp.zip
发布于 2013-09-27 11:35:44
里昂,我已经修改了你上传的代码,不锁定任何资源。我已经注意到,如果我保持您的应用程序打开,我不能删除输出文件夹,因为有些文件正在使用。这通常意味着您没有释放所有文件句柄,基本上它始终是最后一个文件。
更改前后,我无法在计算机上重现内存不足的问题,似乎是一个很大的文件问题?
不管怎样,我发现您使用ImageBox加载白色和黑色资源,并从磁盘加载图像。这根本不需要,整数直接使用资源。
Bitmap white = OomTestApp.Properties.Resources.white;
Bitmap black = OomTestApp.Properties.Resources.black;然后,只需使用Bitmap.FromFile就可以从磁盘加载图像
我添加了一些行来正确地释放您的资源,在.Dispose中没有使用using块。
我还删除了Clone()调用,因为它是绝对不需要的,因为您只是在计算原始图像的像素,并且没有在图像中画一些东西。那么,为什么需要克隆图像呢?
下面是完整的代码(从创建文件夹后开始)
if (errors == 0)
{
this.Height = 323;
goButton.Enabled = false;
stopButton.Enabled = true;
Bitmap white = OomTestApp.Properties.Resources.white;
Bitmap black = OomTestApp.Properties.Resources.black;
Bitmap bmWatermark = black;
Bitmap processImage = null;
progressBar1.Maximum = filesToProcess.Count;
foreach (string handleFile in filesToProcess)
{
string fileName = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(handleFile);
fileNameLabel.Text = "File: " + System.IO.Path.GetFileName(handleFile);
try
{
// create backup if checked
if (diOriginal != null)
{
System.IO.File.Move(handleFile, System.IO.Path.Combine(diOriginal.FullName, fileName));
processImage = (Bitmap)Bitmap.FromFile(System.IO.Path.Combine(diOriginal.FullName, fileName));
}
else
{
processImage = (Bitmap)Bitmap.FromFile(handleFile);
}
double aspectRatio = (double)processImage.Width / (double)processImage.Height;
using (Graphics gWatermark = Graphics.FromImage(processImage))
{
gWatermark.InterpolationMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;
System.Drawing.SolidBrush drawBrush = new System.Drawing.SolidBrush(System.Drawing.Color.Black);
// position watermark - watermark should be 10% of the image height
int watermarkHeight = (int)(processImage.Height * 0.1);
int watermarkPadding = (int)(watermarkHeight * 0.1); // not completely true, but asume watermark is square
// calculate rectangle. if there is extra text, add extra padding below
Rectangle watermarkArea = new Rectangle(watermarkPadding, processImage.Height - (watermarkPadding + (watermarkText.Text.Length == 0 ? 0 : watermarkPadding) + watermarkHeight), watermarkHeight, watermarkHeight);
// determine color watermark
bmWatermark = black;
if (watermarkCombo.SelectedIndex == 0)
{
/*using (Bitmap watermarkClone = processImage.Clone(watermarkArea, processImage.PixelFormat))
{*/
var pixels = Pixels(processImage);
if (pixels.Average((Func<Color, decimal>)Intensity) < 110) // human eye adoption; normal threshold should be 128
{
bmWatermark = white;
drawBrush = new System.Drawing.SolidBrush(System.Drawing.Color.White);
}
//}
}
else if (watermarkCombo.SelectedIndex == 1)
{
bmWatermark = white;
drawBrush = new System.Drawing.SolidBrush(System.Drawing.Color.White);
}
// draw the watermark
gWatermark.DrawImage(bmWatermark, watermarkArea.X, watermarkArea.Y, watermarkArea.Width, watermarkArea.Height);
// draw the text (if needed)
if (watermarkText.Text.Length > 0)
{
System.Drawing.Font drawFont = new System.Drawing.Font("Tahoma", (float)watermarkPadding);
gWatermark.DrawString(watermarkText.Text, drawFont, drawBrush, watermarkPadding, processImage.Height - (watermarkPadding * 2));
drawFont.Dispose();
}
// disposing resources
drawBrush.Dispose();
}
// save the watermarked file
processImage.Save(System.IO.Path.Combine(diWatermarked.FullName, fileName), System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Jpeg);
// stop button pressed?
Application.DoEvents();
if (stopProcess) break;
// update exection progress
progressBar1.Value++;
percentLabel.Text = ((int)((progressBar1.Value * 100) / filesToProcess.Count)).ToString() + "%";
fileCountLabel.Text = "File " + progressBar1.Value.ToString() + "/" + filesToProcess.Count.ToString();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
try
{
using (System.IO.StreamWriter sw = new System.IO.StreamWriter(System.IO.Path.Combine(folderText.Text, "errorlog.txt"), true))
{
sw.WriteLine("File: " + fileName);
while (ex != null)
{
sw.WriteLine("Message: " + ex.Message);
sw.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace);
sw.WriteLine(ex.Source);
ex = ex.InnerException;
}
sw.WriteLine();
}
}
catch
{
// nothing to do - it already failed
}
errors++;
}
finally
{
if (processImage != null) processImage.Dispose();
}
}
// dispose resources
white.Dispose();
black.Dispose();
bmWatermark.Dispose();
if (!stopProcess)
{
// set status to complete
fileCountLabel.Text = "File " + filesToProcess.Count.ToString() + "/" + filesToProcess.Count.ToString();
percentLabel.Text = "100%";
fileNameLabel.Text = "Completed...";
}
else
{
fileNameLabel.Text = "Aborted...";
}
fileNameLabel.Text += errors.ToString() + " error(s) encountered";
// defaults to screen
progressBar1.Value = progressBar1.Maximum;
stopProcess = false;
goButton.Enabled = true;
stopButton.Enabled = false;发布于 2017-03-16 21:21:30
嗯,我并没有读到页面上的所有内容,但我想知道是否有人提到了位图的“大步”?基本上,你的位图必须是4个字节的倍数。我有个问题,把网格拆开做瓷砖。最后一个平铺会出错,因为位图不能被4整除。
步幅是一行像素的宽度(一条扫描线),四舍五入到一个四字节的边界。如果步幅为正,则位图为自上而下.如果步幅为负值,则位图为自下而上.https://softwarebydefault.com/2013/04/11/bitmap-color-balance/
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19034524
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