我的印象是,CFFI不能按值传递结构,但CFFI文档说:
若要将结构按值传递或返回给函数,请加载cffi系统并将结构指定为
(:struct structure-name)。要传递或返回指针,可以使用:pointer或(:pointer (:struct structure-name))。
我正在重新包装cl函数get-size,它是这个opencv函数的包装:
CvSize cvGetSize(const CvArr* arr)而且,由于当code的作者编写库时,CFFI没有能力通过cffi-libffi系统按值传递结构,所以他必须使用以下所有代码来包装cvGetSize。
(defmacro make-structure-serializers (struct slot1 slot2)
"Create a serialization and deserialization function for the
structure STRUCT with integer slots SLOT1 and SLOT2. These functions
will pack and unpack the structure into an INT64."
(let ((pack-fn (intern (concatenate 'string (string struct)
(string '->int64))))
(slot1-fn (intern (concatenate 'string (string struct) "-"
(string slot1))))
(slot2-fn (intern (concatenate 'string (string struct) "-"
(string slot2))))
(unpack-fn (intern (concatenate 'string (string 'int64->)
(string struct))))
(make-fn (intern (concatenate 'string (string 'make-)
(string struct)))))
`(progn
(defun ,pack-fn (s)
(+ (,slot1-fn s) (ash (,slot2-fn s) 32)))
(defun ,unpack-fn (n)
(,make-fn ,slot1 (logand n #x00000000ffffffff)
,slot2 (ash n -32))))))
;; CvSize - Input = (defparameter a (make-size :width 640 :height 480)) Output = #S(SIZE :WIDTH 640 :HEIGHT 480) for
;; following the two.
(defstruct size (width 0) (height 0))
(make-structure-serializers :size :width :height)
;; CvSize cvGetSize(const CvArr* arr)
(cffi:defcfun ("cvGetSize" %get-size) :int64
(arr cv-array))
(defun get-size (arr)
"Get the dimensions of the OpenCV array ARR. Return a size struct with the
dimensions."
(let ((nsize (%get-size arr)))
(int64->size nsize)))考虑到上面引用的CFFI文档,我将如何通过值传递这个cvGetSize结构CvSize?
我打算更新cl-opencv包,我想知道在cl包中我将在哪里以及如何按照CFFI文档“加载CFFI系统”,以及在哪里“将结构指定为(:struct structure-name)”和“使用:(:struct structure-name)或(:指针(:structure name)”)“传递或返回指针”。
我可以使用上面的cvGetSize包装器详细说明如何做到这一点:
;; CvSize cvGetSize(const CvArr* arr)
(cffi:defcfun ("cvGetSize" %get-size) :int64
(arr cv-array))
(defun get-size (arr)
"Get the dimensions of the OpenCV array ARR. Return a size struct with the
dimensions."
(let ((nsize (%get-size arr)))
(int64->size nsize)))@R rd编辑
我感谢你的同意
为了测试目的,我得到了相同的错误,比如我将cffi-libffi加载到我的当前会话中,如下所示(输出)
CL-OPENCV> (asdf:oos 'asdf:load-op :cffi-libffi)
#<ASDF:LOAD-OP NIL {10076CCF13}>
NIL它会加载,所以我只运行defcfun和您提供的解结构(包括输出):
CL-OPENCV> (cffi:defcstruct cv-size
(width :int)
(height :int))
(:STRUCT CV-SIZE)
CL-OPENCV>
(defcfun ("cvGetSize" %get-size) (:struct cv-size)
(arr cv-array))
; in: DEFCFUN ("cvGetSize" %GET-SIZE)
; ("cvGetSize" CL-OPENCV::%GET-SIZE)
;
; caught ERROR:
; illegal function call
;
; compilation unit finished
; caught 1 ERROR condition
Execution of a form compiled with errors.
Form:
("cvGetSize" %GET-SIZE)
Compile-time error:
illegal function call
[Condition of type SB-INT:COMPILED-PROGRAM-ERROR]
Restarts:
0: [RETRY] Retry SLIME REPL evaluation request.
1: [*ABORT] Return to SLIME's top level.
2: [ABORT] Abort thread (#<THREAD "repl-thread" RUNNING {1007BA8063}>)
Backtrace:
0: ((LAMBDA ()))
[No Locals]
1: (SB-INT:SIMPLE-EVAL-IN-LEXENV ("cvGetSize" %GET-SIZE) #<NULL-LEXENV>)
Locals:
SB-DEBUG::ARG-0 = ("cvGetSize" %GET-SIZE)
SB-DEBUG::ARG-1 = #<NULL-LEXENV>
2: (SB-INT:SIMPLE-EVAL-IN-LEXENV (DEFCFUN ("cvGetSize" %GET-SIZE) (:STRUCT CV-SIZE) (ARR CV-ARRAY)) #<NULL-LEXENV>)
Locals:
SB-DEBUG::ARG-0 = (DEFCFUN ("cvGetSize" %GET-SIZE) (:STRUCT CV-SIZE) (ARR CV-ARRAY))
SB-DEBUG::ARG-1 = #<NULL-LEXENV>
3: (EVAL (DEFCFUN ("cvGetSize" %GET-SIZE) (:STRUCT CV-SIZE) (ARR CV-ARRAY)))
Locals:我知道libffi是正确安装的,因为使用gsll加载(它使用cffi-libffi),我运行gsll测试,它们都通过了这里显示的(输出)。
(ql:quickload "lisp-unit")
(in-package :gsl)
(lisp-unit:run-tests)
To load "lisp-unit":
Load 1 ASDF system:
lisp-unit
Loading "lisp-unit"
..................................
Unit Test Summary
| 4023 assertions total
| 4022 passed
| 1 failed
| 0 execution errors
| 0 missing tests
#<TEST-RESULTS-DB Total(4023) Passed(4022) Failed(1) Errors(0)>它似乎并不是以(:struct cv-size)作为问题来调用defcfun,因为当我调用它时
(defcfun ("cvGetSize" %get-size) cv-size
(arr cv-array))我也犯了同样的错误
Execution of a form compiled with errors.
Form:
("cvGetSize" %GET-SIZE)
Compile-time error:我可以像这样运行我的ipl映像结构
CL-OPENCV> ;; ;(cffi:foreign-type-size '(:struct ipl-image)) = 144
(cffi:defcstruct ipl-image
(n-size :int)
(id :int)
(n-channels :int)
(alpha-channel :int)
(depth :int)
(color-model :pointer)
(channel-seq :pointer)
(data-order :int)
(origin :int)
(align :int)
(width :int)
(height :int)
(roi :pointer)
(mask-roi :pointer)
(image-id :pointer)
(tile-info :pointer)
(image-size :int)
(image-data :string)
(width-step :int)
(border-mode :pointer)
(border-const :pointer)
(image-data-origin :string))
output>(:STRUCT IPL-IMAGE)现在我的创建映像包装器已经加载了cffi libffi,并且您的(:struct ipl-image)在它上运行得很好,尽管使用了输出的...shown。
;; IplImage* cvCreateImage(CvSize size, int depth, int channels)
(cffi:defcfun ("cvCreateImage" %create-image) (:struct ipl-image)
(size :int64)
(depth :int)
(channels :int))
(defun create-image (size depth channels)
"Create an image with dimensions given by SIZE, DEPTH bits per
channel, and CHANNELS number of channels."
(let ((nsize (size->int64 size)))
(%create-image nsize depth channels)))创造形象
但当我跑
(defparameter img-size (make-size :width 640 :height 480))
(defparameter img (create-image img-size +ipl-depth-8u+ 1))在repl上创建一个图像,什么都不会发生,只会挂起.
但是,当我使用ipl-image而不是(:struct ipl- image )运行创建图像包装时
我可以运行:
(defparameter img-size (make-size :width 640 :height 480))
(defparameter img (create-image img-size +ipl-depth-8u+ 1))很好,然后运行它来访问struct值(带有输出)
(cffi:with-foreign-slots ((
n-size
id
n-channels
alpha-channel
depth
color-model
channel-seq
data-order
origin
align
width
height
roi
mask-roi
image-id
tile-info
image-size
image-data
width-step
border-mode
border-const
image-data-origin) img (:struct ipl-image))
(cffi:mem-ref img :char )
(format t "n-size ~a ~%" n-size)
(format t "id ~a ~%" id)
(format t "n-channels ~a ~%" n-channels)
(format t "alpha-channel ~a ~%" alpha-channel)
(format t "depth ~a ~%" depth)
(format t "color-model ~a ~%" color-model)
(format t "channel-seq ~a ~%" channel-seq)
(format t "data-order ~a ~%" data-order)
(format t "origin ~a ~%" origin)
(format t "align ~a ~%" align)
(format t "width ~a ~%" width)
(format t "height ~a ~%" height)
(format t "roi ~a ~%" roi)
(format t "mask-roi ~a ~%" mask-roi)
(format t "image-id ~a ~%" image-id)
(format t "tile-info ~a ~%" tile-info)
(format t "image-size ~a ~%" image-size)
(format t "image-data ~a ~%" image-data)
(format t "width-step ~a ~%" width-step)
(format t "border-mode ~a ~%" border-mode)
(format t "border-const ~a ~%" border-const)
(format t "image-data-origin ~a ~%" image-data-origin))
output>
n-size 144
id 0
n-channels 1
alpha-channel 0
depth 8
color-model #.(SB-SYS:INT-SAP #X59415247)
channel-seq #.(SB-SYS:INT-SAP #X400000000)
data-order 640
origin 480
align 0
width 0
height 0
roi #.(SB-SYS:INT-SAP #X00000000)
mask-roi #.(SB-SYS:INT-SAP #X00000000)
image-id #.(SB-SYS:INT-SAP #X0004B000)
tile-info #.(SB-SYS:INT-SAP #X7FFFF7F04020)
image-size 640
image-data NIL
width-step 0
border-mode #.(SB-SYS:INT-SAP #X00000000)
border-const #.(SB-SYS:INT-SAP #X00000000)
image-data-origin 但我没有得到我得到的结构
color-model #.(SB-SYS:INT-SAP #X59415247) ,当我在c中显示img->颜色模型时,
IplImage* img=cvCreateImage(cvSize(640,480), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 3);
cout << "colorModel = " << endl << " " << img->colorModel << endl << endl;
output> colorModel =
RGB所以任何帮助都是非常感谢的
好的1再编辑:
我再试一次,它在这里起作用了,这是我的输出
CL-OPENCV> (asdf:oos 'asdf:load-op :cffi-libffi)
#<ASDF:LOAD-OP NIL {1006D7B1F3}>
NIL
CL-OPENCV>
;; ;(cffi:foreign-type-size '(:struct cv-size)) = 8
(cffi:defcstruct cv-size
(width :int)
(height :int))
;; CvSize cvGetSize(const CvArr* arr)
(cffi:defcfun ("cvGetSize" %get-size) (:struct cv-size)
(arr cv-array))
STYLE-WARNING: redefining CL-OPENCV::%GET-SIZE in DEFUN
%GET-SIZE
CL-OPENCV>
(defparameter img-size (make-size :width 640 :height 480))
(defparameter img (create-image img-size +ipl-depth-8u+ 1))
IMG
CL-OPENCV>
(defparameter size (%get-size img))
SIZE
CL-OPENCV> size
(HEIGHT 480 WIDTH 640)
CL-OPENCV> 不知道我做错了什么,第一次but...if,你可以检查我的结果,并证实我刚刚通过了一个结构的价值,我将永远感激
谢谢Rord
如果您仍有兴趣帮助我调试Rord,请再进行一次编辑
如果出现错误:
The value (HEIGHT 480 WIDTH 640)
is not of type
SB-SYS:SYSTEM-AREA-POINTER.
[Condition of type TYPE-ERROR]这是导致这种情况的原因(这是在我发布prev之后直接发生的。编辑这样我的emacs就有了所有的监考。编辑仍然加载的代码):
CL-OPENCV> (defun get-size (arr)
"Get the dimensions of the OpenCV array ARR. Return a size struct with the
dimensions."
(cffi:with-foreign-slots ((width height) (%get-size arr) (:struct cv-size))
(make-size :width width :height height)))
STYLE-WARNING: redefining CL-OPENCV:GET-SIZE in DEFUN
GET-SIZE
CL-OPENCV>
(defparameter img-size (make-size :width 640 :height 480))
(defparameter img (create-image img-size +ipl-depth-8u+ 1))
IMG
CL-OPENCV>
(defparameter size (get-size img))
The value (HEIGHT 480 WIDTH 640)
is not of type
SB-SYS:SYSTEM-AREA-POINTER.
[Condition of type TYPE-ERROR]我明白是因为:
(defparameter size (get-size img)) 访问你的解闷.我跟踪它所以当我运行时-用输出显示:
CL-OPENCV>
;; ;(cffi:foreign-type-size '(:struct cv-size)) = 8
(cffi:defcstruct cv-size
(width :int)
(height :int))
;; CvSize cvGetSize(const CvArr* arr)
(cffi:defcfun ("cvGetSize" %get-size) (:struct cv-size)
(arr cv-array))
STYLE-WARNING: redefining CL-OPENCV::%GET-SIZE in DEFUN
%GET-SIZE
CL-OPENCV> (defparameter capture (create-camera-capture 0))
CAPTURE
CL-OPENCV> (defparameter frame (query-frame capture))
FRAME
CL-OPENCV>
(defparameter size (%get-size frame))
SIZE
CL-OPENCV> size
(HEIGHT 480 WIDTH 640)
CL-OPENCV> (cffi:with-foreign-slots ((width height) size (:struct cv-size))
(list width height ))我得到了错误:
The value (HEIGHT 480 WIDTH 640)
is not of type
SB-SYS:SYSTEM-AREA-POINTER.
[Condition of type 我认为这是因为你的脱逃乐趣只是一个列表,而对于外国的插槽,需要一个指针。
我查过这个:
(HEIGHT 480 WIDTH 640)
CL-OPENCV> (first size)
HEIGHT来验证,这只是一个列表
顺便说一下,我使用这些函数进行测试。
(defparameter capture (create-camera-capture 0))
(defparameter frame (query-frame capture))因为有一个更纯的输出.创建-图像使用的黑客获得的大小,我口头上张贴在顶部?
我想使用create-image和get-size w/o所有的hackery,只需要使用结构来返回,这样我就可以停止使用make-size并使其更多pure....so -任何关于gold...here的建议都是我想要的创建-映像.我只需要让它接受来自您的(Rord‘s) defcfun的输出.我现在正在尝试将您的defcfun输出( 480高宽640)转换为pointer...so,它将在这里运行。
;; IplImage* cvCreateImage(CvSize size, int depth, int channels)
(cffi:defcfun ("cvCreateImage" %create-image) ipl-image
(size cv-size)
(depth :int)
(channels :int))或者整个尺寸的事情都是必要的.
另外,如果我改变了你添加到
(defun get-size (arr)
"Get the dimensions of the OpenCV array ARR. Return a size struct with the
dimensions."
(setf arr (%get-size arr))
(make-size :width (cadddr arr) :height (cadr arr)))如果我搞砸了,如果你玩的更好的话,now...still古玩就好了。
编辑!我都搞清楚了!
here is the repl output :
; SLIME 2012-05-25
CL-OPENCV> ;; CvSize cvGetSize(const CvArr* arr)
(cffi:defcfun ("cvGetSize" get-size) (:pointer (:struct cv-size))
(arr cv-array))
STYLE-WARNING: redefining CL-OPENCV:GET-SIZE in DEFUN
GET-SIZE
CL-OPENCV> ;; IplImage* cvCreateImage(CvSize size, int depth, int channels)
(cffi:defcfun ("cvCreateImage" create-image) (:pointer (:struct ipl-image))
(size (:pointer (:struct ipl-image)))
(depth :int)
(channels :int))
STYLE-WARNING: redefining CL-OPENCV:CREATE-IMAGE in DEFUN
CREATE-IMAGE
CL-OPENCV> (defun detect-red-objects (&optional (camera-index 0))
"Uses IN-RANGE-SCALAR to detect red objects"
(with-capture (capture (create-camera-capture camera-index))
(let ((window-name-1 "Video")
(window-name-2 "Ball"))
(named-window window-name-1)
(named-window window-name-2)
(move-window window-name-1 290 225)
(move-window window-name-2 940 225)
(do* ((frame (query-frame capture) (query-frame capture))
(img (clone-image frame))
(frame (clone-image img))
(img-size (get-size frame))
(img-hsv (create-image img-size +ipl-depth-8u+ 3))
(img-hsv-size (get-size img-hsv))
(img-thresh (create-image img-hsv-size +ipl-depth-8u+ 1))
(scalar-1 (make-cv-scalar 170.0 160.0 60.0))
(scalar-2 (make-cv-scalar 180.0 256.0 256.0)))
((plusp (wait-key *millis-per-frame*)) nil)
(smooth frame frame +gaussian+ 3 3)
(cvt-color frame img-hsv +bgr2hsv+)
(in-range-s img-hsv scalar-1 scalar-2 img-thresh)
(smooth img-thresh img-thresh +gaussian+ 3 3)
(show-image window-name-1 frame)
(show-image window-name-2 img-thresh))
(destroy-all-windows))))
DETECT-RED-OBJECTS
(the function detect-red-objects runs btw!...编辑!我都搞清楚了!...Part....II-更好!
I messed up the struct on create-image the first time but it still ran...weird...but it runs when put the create-image struct back to cv-size....so no prob there...here is revised repl output
; SLIME 2012-05-25
CL-OPENCV> ;; CvSize cvGetSize(const CvArr* arr)
(cffi:defcfun ("cvGetSize" get-size) (:pointer (:struct cv-size))
(arr cv-array))
STYLE-WARNING: redefining CL-OPENCV:GET-SIZE in DEFUN
GET-SIZE
CL-OPENCV> ;; IplImage* cvCreateImage(CvSize size, int depth, int channels)
(cffi:defcfun ("cvCreateImage" create-image) (:pointer (:struct ipl-image))
(size (:pointer (:struct cv-size)))
(depth :int)
(channels :int))
STYLE-WARNING: redefining CL-OPENCV:CREATE-IMAGE in DEFUN
CREATE-IMAGE
CL-OPENCV> (defun detect-red-objects (&optional (camera-index 0))
"Uses IN-RANGE-SCALAR to detect red objects"
(with-capture (capture (create-camera-capture camera-index))
(let ((window-name-1 "Video")
(window-name-2 "Ball"))
(named-window window-name-1)
(named-window window-name-2)
(move-window window-name-1 290 225)
(move-window window-name-2 940 225)
(do* ((frame (query-frame capture) (query-frame capture))
(img (clone-image frame))
(frame (clone-image img))
(img-size (get-size frame))
(img-hsv (create-image img-size +ipl-depth-8u+ 3))
(img-hsv-size (get-size img-hsv))
(img-thresh (create-image img-hsv-size +ipl-depth-8u+ 1))
(scalar-1 (make-cv-scalar 170.0 160.0 60.0))
(scalar-2 (make-cv-scalar 180.0 256.0 256.0)))
((plusp (wait-key *millis-per-frame*)) nil)
(smooth frame frame +gaussian+ 3 3)
(cvt-color frame img-hsv +bgr2hsv+)
(in-range-s img-hsv scalar-1 scalar-2 img-thresh)
(smooth img-thresh img-thresh +gaussian+ 3 3)
(show-image window-name-1 frame)
(show-image window-name-2 img-thresh))
(destroy-all-windows))))
DETECT-RED-OBJECTS@Liam编辑
好的,我尝试过您的从国外翻译的方法,它确实有效,我在我的structs.lisp文件中定义了这些方法。
(cffi:defcstruct (cv-size :class cv-size-type)
(width :int)
(height :int))
(defmethod cffi:translate-from-foreign (p (type cv-size-type))
(let ((plist (call-next-method)))
(make-size :width (getf plist 'width)
:height (getf plist 'height))))get大小和创建图像的定义如下
;; CvSize cvGetSize(const CvArr* arr)
(cffi:defcfun ("cvGetSize" get-size) (:struct cv-size)
(arr cv-arr))
;; IplImage* cvCreateImage(CvSize size, int depth, int channels)
(cffi:defcfun ("cvCreateImage" %create-image) ipl-image
(size :int64)
(depth :int)
(channels :int))
(defun create-image (size depth channels)
"Create an image with dimensions given by SIZE, DEPTH bits per
channel, and CHANNELS number of channels."
(let ((nsize (size->int64 size)))
(%create-image nsize depth channels)))这里是大小>int64 64的定义。
(DEFUN SIZE->INT64 (S) (+ (SIZE-WIDTH S) (ASH (SIZE-HEIGHT S) 32)))但我喜欢翻译
所以,我想知道你是否能告诉我如何从方法中把下面的翻译成外国版本,这真的会让我的库唱歌.我的目标是为opencv制作一个完整的cffi包装,就像gsll对gsl一样好,所以这将真正地帮助quicker....Thanks再次发生,因为你在所有这些方面的帮助。
(defmethod cffi:translate-from-foreign (p (type cv-size-type))
(let ((plist (call-next-method)))
(make-size :width (getf plist 'width)
:height (getf plist 'height))))发布于 2013-09-25 12:48:29
要“加载cffi系统”,需要在库的.asd文件中将其指定为依赖项。(注意:cffi需要在您的系统上安装C库libffi。)
为了能够使用(:struct structure-name),您需要首先使用cffi:defcstruct定义结构,如下所示(在这里,我假设cffi:defcstruct、cffi:defcfun和cffi:with-foreign-slots是在当前包中导入的):
(defcstruct cv-size
(width :int)
(height :int))然后,可以在(:struct cv-size)中使用defcfun,如下所示:
(defcfun ("cvGetSize" %get-size) (:struct cv-size)
(arr cv-array))编辑:修正了按值传递结构的get-size .
最后,像这样定义get-size:
(defun get-size (arr)
"Get the dimensions of the OpenCV array ARR. Return a size struct with the
dimensions."
(let ((%size (%get-size arr)))
(make-size :width (getf %size 'width)
:height (getf %size 'height))))编辑2
如果我正确地理解利亚姆的答案,这就是如何编写一个translate-from-foreign方法,以便它直接创建结构,而不创建中间plist:
(defmethod cffi:translate-from-foreign (p (type cv-size-type))
(with-foreign-slots ((width height) p (:struct cv-size))
(make-size :width width :height height)))发布于 2013-09-28 23:07:37
您不必同时定义%get-size和get-size。相反,您可以定义
(defcstruct (cv-size :class cv-size-type)
(width :int)
(height :int))
(defmethod cffi:translate-from-foreign (p (type cv-size-type))
(let ((plist (call-next-method)))
(make-size :width (getf plist 'width)
:height (getf plist 'height))))然后直接用get-size定义函数defcfun。
这样做的好处是,只要您有一个返回cv大小的函数,它就会自动被转换。而且,如果您有要传递cv大小的外部函数,请为cffi定义适当的方法:将其转换为外部内存。如果在指向结构的指针上使用mem,也会自动获得转换。或者,如果你打电话给cffi:从国外转过来。
在本例中,我使用了默认的plist转换方法;如果您愿意,可以直接访问插槽,而无需调用(调用-下一步-方法)。
(顺便说一句,你之所以认为CFFI不能按值传递结构,是因为它直到最近才能传递;cffi是在0.11.0版中引入的。)
发布于 2016-10-12 08:27:17
您只需将:class xxx添加到cffi:defcstruct中,然后将(cffi:defmethod translate-into-foreign-memory (object (type xxx) pointer) yyyy)按值传递给外部函数!太棒了!
(cffi:defmethod translate-from-foreign (pointer (type xxx)) zzzz)将返回的结构数据转换为lisp数据。
更多信息请通过me^_^查看me^_^
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18971611
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