如何使程序返回到代码的顶部而不是关闭

Question

我正在努力弄清楚如何使Python回到代码的顶端。在SmallBasic中，你需要

start:
    textwindow.writeline("Poo")
    goto start

但我不知道你是如何在Python中做到这一点的:/有人有什么想法吗？

我想循环的代码是

#Alan's Toolkit for conversions

def start() :
    print ("Welcome to the converter toolkit made by Alan.")
    op = input ("Please input what operation you wish to perform. 1 for Fahrenheit to Celsius, 2 for meters to centimetres and 3 for megabytes to gigabytes")

if op == "1":
    f1 = input ("Please enter your fahrenheit temperature: ")
    f1 = int(f1)

    a1 = (f1 - 32) / 1.8
    a1 = str(a1)

    print (a1+" celsius") 

elif op == "2":
    m1 = input ("Please input your the amount of meters you wish to convert: ")
    m1 = int(m1)
    m2 = (m1 * 100)

    m2 = str(m2)
    print (m2+" m")


if op == "3":
    mb1 = input ("Please input the amount of megabytes you want to convert")
    mb1 = int(mb1)
    mb2 = (mb1 / 1024)
    mb3 = (mb2 / 1024)

    mb3 = str(mb3)

    print (mb3+" GB")

else:
    print ("Sorry, that was an invalid command!")

start()

因此，基本上，当用户完成他们的转换，我希望它循环回顶部。我仍然不能使用这个循环示例，因为每次我使用def函数循环时，它都说没有定义"op“。

Answer 1

Python和大多数现代编程语言一样，不支持"goto“。相反，您必须使用控制函数。基本上有两种方法可以做到这一点。

1.循环

关于如何准确地执行SmallBasic示例的示例，如下所示：

while True :
    print "Poo"

就这么简单。

2.递归

def the_func() :
   print "Poo"
   the_func()

the_func()

recursion上的注意事项:只有当您有特定次数想要返回到开头时才这样做(在这种情况下，应该在递归停止时添加一个情况)。像我前面所定义的那样，执行无限递归是个坏主意，因为您最终会耗尽内存！

编辑以更具体地回答问题

#Alan's Toolkit for conversions

invalid_input = True
def start() :
    print ("Welcome to the converter toolkit made by Alan.")
    op = input ("Please input what operation you wish to perform. 1 for Fahrenheit to Celsius, 2 for meters to centimetres and 3 for megabytes to gigabytes")
    if op == "1":
        #stuff
        invalid_input = False # Set to False because input was valid


    elif op == "2":
        #stuff
        invalid_input = False # Set to False because input was valid
    elif op == "3": # you still have this as "if"; I would recommend keeping it as elif
        #stuff
        invalid_input = False # Set to False because input was valid
    else:
        print ("Sorry, that was an invalid command!")

while invalid_input: # this will loop until invalid_input is set to be False
    start()

Answer 2

使用无限循环：

while True:
    print('Hello world!')

这当然也适用于您的start()函数；您可以使用break退出循环，也可以使用return完全退出该函数，这也会终止循环：

def start():
    print ("Welcome to the converter toolkit made by Alan.")

    while True:
        op = input ("Please input what operation you wish to perform. 1 for Fahrenheit to Celsius, 2 for meters to centimetres and 3 for megabytes to gigabytes")

        if op == "1":
            f1 = input ("Please enter your fahrenheit temperature: ")
            f1 = int(f1)

            a1 = (f1 - 32) / 1.8
            a1 = str(a1)

            print (a1+" celsius") 

        elif op == "2":
            m1 = input ("Please input your the amount of meters you wish to convert: ")
            m1 = int(m1)
            m2 = (m1 * 100)

            m2 = str(m2)
            print (m2+" m")

        if op == "3":
            mb1 = input ("Please input the amount of megabytes you want to convert")
            mb1 = int(mb1)
            mb2 = (mb1 / 1024)
            mb3 = (mb2 / 1024)

            mb3 = str(mb3)

            print (mb3+" GB")

        else:
            print ("Sorry, that was an invalid command!")

如果要添加一个退出选项，可以如下所示：

if op.lower() in {'q', 'quit', 'e', 'exit'}:
    print("Goodbye!")
    return

例如。

Answer 3

您可以很容易地使用循环，有两种类型的循环。

For循环：

for i in range(0,5):
    print 'Hello World'

而循环：

count = 1
while count <= 5:
    print 'Hello World'
    count += 1

每个循环打印“”五次