Python -列表搜索

Question

我如何重写这个程序，以便将所有的data.txt都放到列表中，这样我就可以搜索城市，并使用list对象和属性获得城市的时间和本地信息。

Data.txt

City1
Time1
Local1
--------------
City2
Time2
Local2
--------------
City
Time
Local
--------------
City3
Time3
Local3
--------------

程序

class store:
    def __init__(self, city, time, local):
        self.city = city
        self.time = time
        self.local = local

    def readfile():
        row = "start"
        list = []
        infile = open("data.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8")
        while row != "":
            row = infile.readline()
            list.append(rad)
        infile.close()

store.readfile()

Answer 1

class City(object):
    def __init__(self, name, time, local):
        self.name = name
        self.local = local
        self.time = time

class Store(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.data = {}

    def readfile(self, filename):
        with open(filename, 'r') as datafile:
            subdata = []
            for line in datafile:
                if line.startswith('----'):
                    city = City(subdata[0], subdata[1], subdata[2])
                    self.data[subdata[0]] = city
                    subdata = []
                else:
                    subdata.append(line.rstrip())

    def city_named(self, city_name):
        return self.data[city_name]

store = Store()
store.readfile('Data.txt')

example_city = store.city_named('City1')

print(example_city.name)
print(example_city.time)
print(example_city.local)

Answer 2

我将读取整个文件并将其拆分为如下字符串：

with open('data.txt') as f:
    lst = f.read().split()

然后过滤掉破折号线：

lst = [s for s in lst if not s.startswith('-')]

然后将字符串拆分为三组，前提是字符串的数目可被分割为3：

lst3 = [lst[i:i+3] for i in range(0, len(lst), 3)]

最后，分配您类的vars：

for item in lst3:
    self.city, self.time, self.local = item

Answer 3

如果文件保持这种简单、严格的结构，这将起到以下作用：

def info_from_city(file,city):
    city += '\n'
    list = fh.readlines()
    city_index = list.index(city)
    time_index = list[city_index+1]
    local_index = list[city_index+2]

    return (time_index,local_index)

fh = open('data.txt')

print 'Time and local:'
print info_from_city(fh,'City2')

产出如下：

Time and local:
('Time2\n', 'Local2\n')

(请注意换行符--您可能希望使用.replace('\n', '')处理掉它们)

list的.index()方法返回特定string的最早实例的索引(实际上是任何对象或不可变类型)。