如何在循环中重置变量的值？(Python 3.1.1)

Question

当我运行我的代码并进入我游戏的战斗部分时，我会得到分配给我的角色攻击、防御、伤害和健康的随机值。然而，在他们的第一轮，他们得到相同的值，他们不能重置。

例如，用户的攻击是一个从4到11的随机数。

userAtk = random.randint(4,11)

我认为，每次循环运行时，它都会生成一个新值。但情况并非如此，每次我打印变量时，它的值都与第一次分配的值相同。我是不是遗漏了什么？

下面是我的代码

import random

# VARIABLES
#
#
# This variable is the user's character name
userName = input("Brave warrior, what is your name? ")

# This variable is used in the input function to pause the game
enterNext = ("Press enter to continue...")

# This variable is used to format the user input prompt
# as well as the battle text
prompt = ">>>>>  "

# This variable is used to add a new line to a string
newLine = "\n"

# This variable is used to display a message when the hero dies
heroDeadmsg = userName + " has fallen!"

# These variables represent the dragon's stats (HP, ATK & DEF)
dragonHp = 100
dragonAtk = random.randint(5,10)
dragonDef = random.randrange(8)

# These variables represent the user's stats (HP, ATK & DEF)
userHp = 90
userAtk = random.randint(4,11)
userDef = random.randrange(8)

# These variables calculate battle damage and HP
dragonDmg = (userAtk - dragonDef)
dragonHp -= dragonDmg
userDmg = (dragonAtk - userDef)
userHp -= userDmg

# This variable prints the options in the battle menu
battleMenu = """Attack (a) - Magic (m) - Item (i) - Run (r)""" 

# This variable determines who goes first
cointoss = random.randint(0, 1)

# These variables print the actions in each turn
dragonAttack = \
    prompt + "Crimson Dragon attacks you with " + str(dragonAtk) + " ATK!"\
    + newLine + prompt + "You defend with " + str(userDef) + " DEF!"\
    + newLine + prompt

userAttack = \
    prompt + "You attacked with " + str(userAtk) + " ATK!"\
    + newLine + prompt + "Crimson Dragon defends with " + str(dragonDef) + " DEF!"\
    + newLine + prompt

userMagic = \
    prompt + userName + " tried to use Magic!"\
    + newLine + prompt + userName + " has no magic!"\
    + newLine + prompt

userItem = \
    prompt + userName + " tried use an Item!"\
    + newLine + prompt + userName + " has no Items!"\
    + newLine + prompt

userRetreat = \
    prompt + userName + " tries to retreat!"\
    + newLine + prompt + "The enemy won't let you escape!"\
    + newLine + prompt


# These variables show health during battle 
printDragonhp = "Crismon Dragon has " + str(dragonHp) + " HP remaining!"
printUserhp = userName + " has " + str(userHp) + " HP remaining!"

# This variable simulates the results of a coin toss
coinToss = random.randint(0, 1)


#
#
# CONDTITIONS
#
#
# These conditions determines who attacks first
if coinToss == 0:
    currentTurn = "dragon"
elif coinToss == 1:
    currentTurn = "user"
else:
    print("The Coin Toss Failed!")    

#
#
# BATTLE MECHANICS
#
#

while currentTurn:
# Mechanics for the Crimson Dragon's Turn
if currentTurn == "dragon":

    # Prints the Crimson Dragon's Attack and ends the turn
    print(newLine + prompt + "Crimson Dragon moves!"\
          + newLine + prompt + newLine + dragonAttack\
          + newLine + prompt + userName + " takes " + str(userDmg) + " DMG!"\
          + newLine + prompt + printUserhp)
    currentTurn = "user"
    input(prompt)

    # Need to implent a way to reset ATK and DEF

# Mechanics for the User's Turn    
if currentTurn == "user":

    # Prints the Battle Menu and asks for the User's choice
    print(newLine + prompt + battleMenu\
          + newLine + prompt)
    userChoice = input(prompt)

    # Prints the User's Attack and ends the turn
    if userChoice == "a":
        print(userAttack)
        if userHp < 1:
            print(heroDeadmsg)
            break

        input (prompt)
        currentTurn = "dragon"
    # Prints the User's Magic and ends the turn
    elif userChoice == "m":
        print(userMagic)
        input (prompt)
        currentTurn = "dragon"
    # Prints the User's Item and ends the turn   
    elif userChoice == "i":
        print(userItem)
        input (prompt)
        currentTurn = "dragon"
    # Prints the User's Retreat and ends the turn    
    elif userChoice == "r":
        print(userRetreat)
        input (prompt)
        currentTurn = "dragon"
    # Prints an error message for invalid entries
    else:
        print(newLine + prompt + "That is not a valid menu item."\
              + newLine + prompt + "Please try again.")

Answer 1

random.randint(4,11)只是在范围[4, 11]中选择一个整数并返回这个数字。因此，当您执行userAtk = random.randint(4,11)时，您只需获取一个数字并将其存储为userAtk，每次访问userAtk时，您都会得到相同的号码。

如果您希望userAtk是一种神奇的东西，每次您访问它时，在范围[4, 11]中都会表现出一个不同的数字。嗯，这并不是不可能的(见这里，快速而肮脏地尝试一下)…但这几乎肯定会导致更多的混乱，而不是利益。

例如，您有试图打印出str(userAtk)…的代码。但是，如果每次访问它时，值是不同的，则打印出来的内容将与用于计算损失的内容不同！想象一下，如果你正在玩桌面D&D，而地牢的主人滚动一个模具告诉你你的滚动，然后立即忘记了结果，并再次滚动，以确定你是否击中。所以他可能会说，“你滚了一个20，你错过了。”这不太好。

可能有用的是使userAtk实际上是一个函数：

def userAtk():
    return random.randint(4, 11)

对于所有相似的变量也是如此。然后，只要访问一个数字，就可以调用该函数：

def dragonDmg():
    return userAtk() - dragonDef()

然后，在某个地方，您需要将调用这些函数的结果存储在每个循环中的一些局部变量中。

但关键是，不管你怎么做，你必须有变量，你每次都要通过循环重新计算。

Answer 2

因为据我所见，userAtk不在循环中。如果希望在循环中重置它，请在循环中调用random.randint(4,11)。

Answer 3

我相信，即使你给布兰特打了一百万次电话，你还是会得到重复的(我相信你知道这一点)。我过去经常使用字典来跟踪使用过的/未使用的随机数，并检查字典是否已经使用过。可能误解了这个问题。