powershell非对称加密/解密函数

Question

我无法找到好的powershell函数来利用非对称加密，所以我创建了以下内容。因为我是个隐秘的菜鸟，所以我想得到任何改进方面的反馈。请注意，这些函数是非常基本的。不存在错误检查，解密后的写主机也几乎没有必要。只想在添加保护内存之类的东西之前建立核心功能。

这已经在两个系统上成功测试: Win8 w/Powershell v3和Win2008R2 w/Powershell v2。

Function Encrypt-Asymmetric([string]$Encrypt,[string]$CertPath,[string]$XmlExportPath)
{
    # Encrypts a string with a public key
    $pubcer = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2($CertPath)
    $byteval = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($Encrypt)
    $pubcer.PublicKey.Key.Encrypt($byteval,$true) | Export-Clixml -Path $XmlExportPath    
}

Function Decrypt-Asymmetric([string]$XmlPath,[string]$CertThumbprint)
{
    # Decrypts cipher text using the private key
    # Assumes the certificate is in the LocalMachine store
    $store = new-object System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Store([System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.StoreLocation]::LocalMachine)
    $store.open([System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.OpenFlags]::ReadOnly)
    $cer = $store.Certificates | %{if($_.thumbprint -eq $CertThumbprint){$_}}
    $ciphertext = Import-Clixml -Path $XmlPath
    $decryptedBytes = $cer.PrivateKey.Decrypt($ciphertext,$true)
    $ClearText = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetString($decryptedBytes)
    Write-Host $ClearText
}

Answer 1

我知道这很古老。我从你在这里的起点开始，增加了一些项目。我试图在适当的地方进行清理，并使用变量名称，这可能有助于其他人更容易地理解这些内容。

加密：

Function Encrypt-Asymmetric {
[CmdletBinding()]
[OutputType([System.String])]
param(
    [Parameter(Position=0, Mandatory=$true)][ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()][System.String]
    $ClearText,
    [Parameter(Position=1, Mandatory=$true)][ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()][ValidateScript({Test-Path $_ -PathType Leaf})][System.String]
    $PublicCertFilePath
)
# Encrypts a string with a public key
$PublicCert = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2($PublicCertFilePath)
$ByteArray = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($ClearText)
$EncryptedByteArray = $PublicCert.PublicKey.Key.Encrypt($ByteArray,$true)
$EncryptedBase64String = [Convert]::ToBase64String($EncryptedByteArray)

Return $EncryptedBase64String 
}

解密：

Function Decrypt-Asymmetric
{
[CmdletBinding()]
[OutputType([System.String])]
param(
    [Parameter(Position=0, Mandatory=$true)][ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()][System.String]
    $EncryptedBase64String,
    [Parameter(Position=1, Mandatory=$true)][ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()][System.String]
    $CertThumbprint
)
# Decrypts text using the private key
# Assumes the certificate is in the LocalMachine\My (Personal) Store
$Cert = Get-ChildItem cert:\LocalMachine\My | where { $_.Thumbprint -eq $CertThumbprint }
if($Cert) {
    $EncryptedByteArray = [Convert]::FromBase64String($EncryptedBase64String)
    $ClearText = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetString($Cert.PrivateKey.Decrypt($EncryptedByteArray,$true))
}
Else {Write-Error "Certificate with thumbprint: $CertThumbprint not found!"}

Return $ClearText
}

http://grokgarble.com/blog/?p=228