Win32:位图实例化中断函数

Question

我的一个位图出现了一个奇怪的问题(它是一个spritesheet)。我的游戏运行得很完美，但是初始化位图和精灵的GameStart函数如果取消注释这一行代码，就会中断：

g_pPowerup100Bitmap = new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_POWERUP_100, g_hInstance);

结果是，当函数击中这一行代码时，它只会退出，但是必须调用GamePaint()，因为位图是闪烁到屏幕上的。我知道函数没有正确执行，因为它们不是精灵--只是图像(音乐从来不初始化)。雪碧和音乐初始化在相同函数的位图初始化下面。

更令人沮丧的是这个游戏实际上是works...sometimes.然后，我可以正确地玩游戏&看新的动画精灵。但是，在尝试调试这个东西几十次之后，它就无法正常构建了。

我尝试过的：

1) Try/catch of entire GameStart() contents. Exception is not thrown
2) Extensive breakpoint checking - it's definitely this line
3) Spell-checking variable name - exact same as in header file
4) Re-saving bitmap as 24-bit RGB instead of 32-bit
5) Cleaning & rebuilding both the solution & project file
6) Restarting Visual C++ 2008

位图是64x1536。这有问题吗？我有8GB的RAM和一个GTX 570分类。以下是整个功能：

void GameStart(HWND hWindow)
{
    try
  {
    // Initialize global variables
    g_iInputDelay = 0;
    g_iNumLives = 3;
    g_iScore = 0;
    g_iGameState = 1;
    g_iDifficulty = 1;

    // Seed the random number generator
    srand(GetTickCount());

    // Create the offscreen device context and bitmap
    g_hOffscreenDC = CreateCompatibleDC(GetDC(hWindow));
    g_hOffscreenBitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(GetDC(hWindow),
    g_pGame->GetWidth(), g_pGame->GetHeight());
    SelectObject(g_hOffscreenDC, g_hOffscreenBitmap);

    // Create and load the bitmaps
    HDC hDC = GetDC(hWindow);
    g_pHighwayBitmap = new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_HIGHWAY, g_hInstance);
    g_pChickenBitmap = new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_CHICKEN, g_hInstance);
    g_pCarBitmaps[0] = new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_CAR1, g_hInstance);
    g_pCarBitmaps[1] = new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_CAR2, g_hInstance);
    g_pCarBitmaps[2] = new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_CAR3, g_hInstance);
    g_pCarBitmaps[3] = new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_CAR4, g_hInstance);
    g_pChickenHeadBitmap = new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_CHICKENHEAD, g_hInstance);
    g_pMainMenuBitmap = new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_MAIN_MENU, g_hInstance);
    g_pHighScoresMenuBitmap = new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_HIGH_SCORES_MENU, g_hInstance);
    g_pGameOverMenuBitmap =  new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_GAME_OVER_MENU, g_hInstance);
    g_pNormalModeBtnBitmap = new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_NORMAL_MODE_BTN, g_hInstance);
    g_pHardModeBtnBitmap = new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_HARD_MODE_BTN, g_hInstance);
    g_pHighScoresBtnBitmap = new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_HIGH_SCORES_BTN, g_hInstance);
    g_pReplayBtnBitmap = new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_REPLAY_BTN, g_hInstance);
    g_pMainMenuBtnBitmap = new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_MAIN_MENU_BTN, g_hInstance);
    g_pPowerup100Bitmap = new Bitmap(hDC, IDB_POWERUP_100, g_hInstance);

    RECT    rcBounds = { 0, 0, 465, 400 };

    //Button Sprites - Main Menu
    Sprite* pBtnSprite = new Sprite(g_pNormalModeBtnBitmap, 77,228, 0,0, 1, rcBounds, BA_STOP);
    pBtnSprite->SetStateChange(0);
    g_pGame->AddSprite(pBtnSprite, 1);

    pBtnSprite = new Sprite(g_pHardModeBtnBitmap, 254,228, 0,0, 1, rcBounds, BA_STOP);
    pBtnSprite->SetStateChange(0);
    g_pGame->AddSprite(pBtnSprite, 1);

    pBtnSprite = new Sprite(g_pHighScoresBtnBitmap, 166,310, 0,0, 1, rcBounds, BA_STOP);
    pBtnSprite->SetStateChange(3);
    g_pGame->AddSprite(pBtnSprite, 1);


    //Button Sprites - Game Over Menu
    pBtnSprite = new Sprite(g_pReplayBtnBitmap, 167,249, 0,0, 1, rcBounds, BA_STOP);
    pBtnSprite->SetStateChange(0);
    g_pGame->AddSprite(pBtnSprite, 2);

    pBtnSprite = new Sprite(g_pMainMenuBtnBitmap, 82,332, 0,0, 1, rcBounds, BA_STOP);
    pBtnSprite->SetStateChange(1);
    g_pGame->AddSprite(pBtnSprite, 2);

    pBtnSprite = new Sprite(g_pHighScoresBtnBitmap, 252,332, 0,0, 1, rcBounds, BA_STOP);
    pBtnSprite->SetStateChange(3);
    g_pGame->AddSprite(pBtnSprite, 2);

    //Button Sprites - High Scores Menu
    pBtnSprite = new Sprite(g_pMainMenuBtnBitmap, 166,332, 0,0, 1, rcBounds, BA_STOP);
    pBtnSprite->SetStateChange(1);
    g_pGame->AddSprite(pBtnSprite, 3);

        // Create the chicken and car sprites
    g_pChickenSprite = new Sprite(g_pChickenBitmap, rcBounds, BA_STOP);
    g_pChickenSprite->SetPosition(4, 175);
    g_pChickenSprite->SetVelocity(0, 0);
    g_pChickenSprite->SetZOrder(1);
    g_pChickenSprite->SetNumFrames(2);
    g_pChickenSprite->SetAsInputControlled(); //stops auto-frame update
    //DEBUGGING ONLY!!!!!
    g_pChickenSprite->SetID(1);
    g_pGame->AddSprite(g_pChickenSprite, 0);

    Sprite* pSprite = new Sprite(g_pCarBitmaps[0], rcBounds, BA_WRAP);
    pSprite->SetPosition(70, 0);
    pSprite->SetVelocity(0, 6);
    pSprite->SetZOrder(2);
    g_pGame->AddSprite(pSprite, 0);
    pSprite = new Sprite(g_pCarBitmaps[1], rcBounds, BA_WRAP);
    pSprite->SetPosition(160, 0);
    pSprite->SetVelocity(0, 2);
    pSprite->SetZOrder(2);
    g_pGame->AddSprite(pSprite, 0);
    pSprite = new Sprite(g_pCarBitmaps[2], rcBounds, BA_WRAP);
    pSprite->SetPosition(239, 400);
    pSprite->SetVelocity(0, -4);
    pSprite->SetZOrder(2);
    g_pGame->AddSprite(pSprite, 0);
    pSprite = new Sprite(g_pCarBitmaps[3], rcBounds, BA_WRAP);
    pSprite->SetPosition(329, 400);
    pSprite->SetVelocity(0, -9);
    pSprite->SetZOrder(2);
    g_pGame->AddSprite(pSprite, 0);

    // Load the background music
    g_pGame->PlayMIDISong(TEXT("Music.mid"));

    getHighScores(scoreData, g_scoreTop);

    scoreData.close();

  }
  catch (int e)
  {
    cout << "An exception occurred. Exception Nr. " << e << endl;
    system("PAUSE");
  }
}

在此上下文中调用GameStart()：

switch (msg)
  {
    case WM_CREATE:
      // Set the game window and start the game
      SetWindow(hWindow);
      GameStart(hWindow);
      return 0;

如果有人能弄清楚为什么那个位图会扼杀这个功能，我会非常感激的！

编辑：Hans正好碰到了这个问题--我勾选了"Win32异常“复选框&这一行代码出现了内存访问错误：

    CopyMemory(pBitmapBits, pTempBits, pBitmapInfo->bmiHeader.biSizeImage);

图像是不是太大了？我会继续调查，但欢迎任何建议。

Answer 1

不要使用WM_CREATE消息初始化游戏。当您在64位操作系统上运行32位代码时，会出现一个非常特殊的问题，当在消息处理代码中引发SEH异常时，它会导致SEH异常(例如访问冲突)被吞没。WM_CREATE是显示问题的消息之一。关于this answer中这种行为的许多细节，尽管它非常特定于Winforms。然而，在用C或C++编写代码时，同样的问题也存在。

不需要(通常)使用WM_CREATE来初始化东西，您最好在调用CreateWindowsEx()之后移动它，因为您应该只需要窗口句柄。调试器现在将再次提供帮助，并向您展示代码崩溃的位置。

如果您确实需要在WM_CREATE中使用它，那么使用debug +异常来调试它，在抛出的复选框中勾选Win32异常。也是验证这个答案是否准确的方法。

Answer 2

现在，在调用GetDC之后，您必须调用ReleaseDC。但是你打了三个GetDC电话。留下一个电话，储存HDC，在最后释放它。