如何使用Ruby的“扫描”方法使捕获组可选？

Question

我有这样的判断力：

(.*?)("DisplayName":.*?)(,)(.*?"Groups":?)?(\[.*?\])?(,)(.*?"Phones":)?(\[.*?\])?(.*?\},)?

我想用它来处理这样的字符串：

{“亲和力”：20，"DisplayName":"Moe Larry"，“电子邮件”：{“地址”：“moelarry@gmail.com”，“主”：真，“类型”：{“Id”：“HOME”}，“FullName”：{“FamilyName”：“拉里”，"GivenName":"Moe"，“非结构化”：“Moe拉里”}，“组”：{“Id”：“^0，”}，"Id":"1234567890"，"MailsSent":0，“名称”：“Moe Larry”、“电话”：{“号码”：“555-999-6661”、“类型”：{“Id”：“移动”}、“ProfileLink”：“}”、{“亲和”：20、“DisplayName”：“stoogesare滑稽”、“电子邮件”：{“Address”：“stoogesare滑稽”、“主”：true}、“EvergreenPhoto”：“/照片/私有/adflk”；jsd394u75430o8752380974321jtkasdljf8937489213749832654"，"Id":"834754hthbf83744823f"，"MailsSent":0}，{“亲和”：20，"DisplayName":"stoogesarefunny@gmail.com"，"Emails":{"Address":"stoogesarefunny@gmail.com"，“主”：true}，"EvergreenPhoto":"/photos/private/asdfAJDKLJSFIOEJHLTHSJKLDF234987s897KJHSDFKJHDF89273473ASLKJDLSKJIFEIH"，"Id":"834754hthbf83744823f"，"MailsSent":0，"ProfileLink":"https://profiles.google.com/stoogesarefunny"}，{“亲和”：20，"DisplayName":"Shemp"，"FullName":{"GivenName":"Shemp"，“Unstructured”}：“Shemp”}，“Groups”：{“Id”：“^GivenName”}，"Id":"1234567890"，"MailsSent":0，"Name":"Shemp"，"Phones":{"Number":"+15553085671"，“Type”：{“Id”：“其他”}}，{“亲和”：20，"DisplayName":"ClownFace"，"FullName":{"GivenName":"ClownFace"，“非结构化”：“ClownFace”}，“组”：{“Id”：“^Id”}，"Id":"1234567890"，"MailsSent":0，“名称”：“ClownFace”，“电话”：{“数字”：“+15556064040”，“类型”：{“Id”：“其他”}}，

我知道这真的很难看。我希望我能找到一个xml提要，但现在这不是一个选项。

我只关心DisplayName、团体和电话。我需要提取并保存在数组中。组和电话的捕获组需要是可选的，因为并非所有联系人都有它们。然而，我的判断力给了我：

Result 1

1. {"Affinity":20,
2. "DisplayName":"Moe Larry"
3. ,
4. "Emails":[{"Address":"moelarry@gmail.com","Primary":true,"Type":{"Id":"HOME"}}],"FullName":{"FamilyName":"Larry","GivenName":"Moe","Unstructured":"Moe Larry"},"Groups":
5. [{"id":"^Mine"}]
6. ,
7. "Id":"1234567890","MailsSent":0,"Name":"Moe Larry","Phones":
8. [{"Number":"555-999-6661","Type":{"Id":"MOBILE"}}]
9. ,"ProfileLink":""},

Result 2

1. {"Affinity":20,
2. "DisplayName":"stoogesarefunny"
3. ,
4. "Emails":[{"Address":"stoogesarefunny","Primary":true}],"EvergreenPhoto":"/photos/private/adflk;jsd394u75430o8752380974321jtkasdljf8937489213749832654","Id":"834754hthbf83744823f","MailsSent":0},{"Affinity":20,"DisplayName":"stoogesarefunny@gmail.com","Emails":[{"Address":"stoogesarefunny@gmail.com","Primary":true}],"EvergreenPhoto":"/photos/private/asdfAJDKLJSFIOEJHLTHSJKLDF234987s897KJHSDFKJHDF89273473ASLKJDLSKJIFEIH","Id":"834754hthbf83744823f","MailsSent":0,"ProfileLink":"https://profiles.google.com/stoogesarefunny"},{"Affinity":20,"DisplayName":"Shemp","FullName":{"GivenName":"Shemp","Unstructured":"Shemp"},"Groups":
5. [{"id":"^Mine"}]
6. ,
7. "Id":"1234567890","MailsSent":0,"Name":"Shemp","Phones":
8. [{"Number":"+15553085671","Type":{"Id":"OTHER"}}]
9. },

Result 3

1. {"Affinity":20,
2. "DisplayName":"ClownFace"
3. ,
4. "FullName":{"GivenName":"ClownFace","Unstructured":"ClownFace"},"Groups":
5. [{"id":"^Mine"}]
6. ,
7. "Id":"1234567890","MailsSent":0,"Name":"ClownFace","Phones":
8. [{"Number":"+15556064040","Type":{"Id":"OTHER"}}]
9. },

很明显，Shemp的所有联系数据都被合并到stoogesare好笑@gmail.com的数据中，因为我的regex一直在咬牙切齿，直到它到达Shemps Group，而不是在他的显示名之前停下来重新开始。帮助?

记者:不，我不打算拯救所有这些群体，最终，这只是为了让我能够研究发生了什么。

Answer 1

您的输入类似于JSON，其中已经有用于Ruby的解析器：

gem install json

然后在红宝石：

data = JSON.parse(string)

然后，您可以作为哈希对象直接访问data，例如：

data = '
  {"Affinity":20,
    "DisplayName":"Moe Larry",
    "Emails":[{"Address":"moelarry@gmail.com","Primary":true,"Type":{"Id":"HOME"}}],
    "FullName":{"FamilyName":"Larry","GivenName":"Moe","Unstructured":"Moe Larry"},
    "Groups":[{"id":"^Mine"}],
    "Id":"1234567890",
    "MailsSent":0,
    "Name":"Moe Larry",
    "Phones":[{"Number":"555-999-6661","Type":{"Id":"MOBILE"}}],
    "ProfileLink":""
  }
'

require 'json'
user = JSON.parse(data)
user.class                    # => Hash
user.keys                     # => ["Affinity", "DisplayName", "Emails", "FullName", "Groups", "Id", "MailsSent", "Name", "Phones", "ProfileLink"]
user['Affinity']              # => 20
user['DisplayName']           # => "Moe Larry"
user['Emails']                # => [{"Address"=>"moelarry@gmail.com", "Primary"=>true, "Type"=>{"Id"=>"HOME"}}]
user['Emails'].class          # => Array
user['Emails'][0]             # => {"Address"=>"moelarry@gmail.com", "Primary"=>true, "Type"=>{"Id"=>"HOME"}}
user['Emails'][0]['Address']  # => "moelarry@gmail.com"