在Linux上使用bfd.h编译错误

Question

我是Linux编程新手，我正在尝试使用BFD库。这是我正在试图编译的当前代码：

#include <bfd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

bfd *abfd;

int main() {
  bfd_init();
  abfd = bfd_openr("/home/mike/Desktop/testFunc/testProg", NULL);
  return 0;
}

我使用以下命令行进行编译：

gcc readInfo.c /usr/lib/libbfd.a -o readInfo

我得到了以下错误：

gcc readInfo.c /usr/lib/libbfd.a /build/buildd/binutils-2.21.53.20110810/builddir-single/bfd/../../bfd/elflink.c:4892: readInfo /usr/lib/libbfd.a(elflink.o)：在函数elf_link_add_object_symbols': /build/buildd/binutils-2.21.53.20110810/builddir-single/bfd/../../bfd/elflink.c:4605: undefined reference toobjalloc_free_block的未定义引用_sch_istable' /usr/lib/libbfd.a(elflink.o): In functionbfd_elf_size_dynamic_sections'：/build/buildd/binutils-2.21.53.20110810/builddir-single/bfd/..中/./bfd/elflink.c:6048:对lbasename' undefined reference to_sch_istable‘collect2的未定义引用: ld返回1个退出状态：*所有错误1

有更多的错误行，可以查看这里。我相信这是有一个简单的解释，但它已经让我困惑了一段时间。

总结一下我迄今所做的工作：

• 安装干净Ubuntu
• 安装的binutils-dev包

Answer 1

你需要静态链接你的程序吗？

如果您动态地链接它，那么它将编译和运行，而不会出错：

gcc readInfo.c -o readInfo -lbfd

当我试图使它静态链接时，我遇到了一个新的问题：

$ gcc readInfo.c /usr/lib/libbfd.a /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.a -o readInfo
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: dynamic STT_GNU_IFUNC symbol `strcmp' with pointer equality
    in `/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.a(strcmp.o)' can not be used when making
    an executable; recompile with -fPIE and relink with -pie
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
$ gcc -fPIE readInfo.c /usr/lib/libbfd.a /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.a \
    -o readInfo
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: dynamic STT_GNU_IFUNC symbol `strcmp' with pointer equality
    in `/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.a(strcmp.o)' can not be used when making
    an executable; recompile with -fPIE and relink with -pie
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
$ gcc -fPIE -pie readInfo.c /usr/lib/libbfd.a /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.a \
  -o readInfo
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/libbfd.a(opncls.o): relocation R_X86_64_32S
    against `.rodata' can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with
    -fPIC
/usr/lib/libbfd.a: could not read symbols: Bad value
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
$ gcc -fPIC -fPIE -pie readInfo.c /usr/lib/libbfd.a \
  /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.a -o readInfo
/usr/bin/ld.bfd.real: /usr/lib/libbfd.a(opncls.o): relocation R_X86_64_32S
    against `.rodata' can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with
    -fPIC
/usr/lib/libbfd.a: could not read symbols: Bad value
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

Answer 2

如果使用ubuntu安装binutils-dev

sudo apt-get install binutils-dev

Answer 3

gcc -v -o blah /usr/lib64 64/libbfd.a/usr/lib64 64/libiberty.a -ldl -lz

看起来libbfd需要libiberty、dl和z的特性--这是在opensuse 13.1 x86_64上使用的类似的简单测试应用程序。