Perl Cygwin好玩。模块已加载，但未被程序找到。

Question

好吧，有几条规则：

• 不，我不能在这个系统上安装草莓Perl。我必须使用Cygwin.
• ，这是Perl 5.8.7。我不能更新它。

，

• ，这不是我的系统。这是一个客户的系统，我不能将它修改到我心中的内容。

现在，我们已经排除了.

我已经在这个系统上安装了Spreadsheet::Read、Spreadsheet::ParseExcel和Spreadsheet::XLSX。这安装了一个名为xlscat的小Perl脚本。我们以前在开发盒和UAT盒上这样做过。这是生产箱。

我得到了以下错误：

Parser for XLSX is not installed at /usr/bin/xlscat line 185

我追踪到这个是Spreadsheet::Read。有关守则是：

my @parsers = (
    [ csv       => "Text::CSV_XS"               ],
    [ csv       => "Text::CSV_PP"               ], # Version 1.05 and up
    [ csv       => "Text::CSV"                  ], # Version 1.00 and up
    [ ods       => "Spreadsheet::ReadSXC"       ],
    [ sxc       => "Spreadsheet::ReadSXC"       ],
    [ xls       => "Spreadsheet::ParseExcel"    ],
    [ xlsx      => "Spreadsheet::XLSX"          ],
    [ prl       => "Spreadsheet::Perl"          ],

    # Helper modules
    [ ios       => "IO::Scalar"                 ],
    );
my %can = map { $_->[0] => 0 } @parsers;
for (@parsers) {
    my ($flag, $mod) = @$_;
    print STDERR qq(DEBUG: Flag = "$flag" Mod = "$mod"\n);
    $can{$flag} and next;
    eval "require $mod; \$can{\$flag} = '$mod'";
    }
print STDERR Dumper(\%can); #DEBUG:

开始包含字符串DEBUG:的行是我的。

@parsers的转储显示，所有内容都已正确加载。第一个调试正确地打印出$flag和$mod的值。

问题似乎来自于eval语句。据我所见，它对一个模块运行require，如果需求成功，则将$can{$flag}变量设置为$mod。显然，require Spreadsheet::XLSX失败了。以下是我的调试语句的相关输出：

DEBUG: Flag = "csv" Mod = "Text::CSV_XS"
DEBUG: Flag = "csv" Mod = "Text::CSV_PP"
DEBUG: Flag = "csv" Mod = "Text::CSV"
DEBUG: Flag = "ods" Mod = "Spreadsheet::ReadSXC"
DEBUG: Flag = "sxc" Mod = "Spreadsheet::ReadSXC"
DEBUG: Flag = "xls" Mod = "Spreadsheet::ParseExcel"
DEBUG: Flag = "xlsx" Mod = "Spreadsheet::XLSX"
DEBUG: Flag = "prl" Mod = "Spreadsheet::Perl"
DEBUG: Flag = "ios" Mod = "IO::Scalar"
$VAR1 = {
      'csv' => 'Text::CSV_XS',
      'sxc' => 0,
      'xlsx' => 0,
      'xls' => 'Spreadsheet::ParseExcel',
      'ios' => 'IO::Scalar',
      'prl' => 0,
      'ods' => 0
    };

嗯..。也许这个模块没有安装？

$ perldoc -l Spreadsheet::XLSX
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8/Spreadsheet/XLSX.pm

它出现在perldoc中。让我们编写一个快速测试程序：

#! /usr/bin/env perl

use Spreadsheet::Read;
use Spreadsheet::XLSX;

print "It works\n";

还有..。

$ ./test.pl
DEBUG: Flag = "csv" Mod = "Text::CSV_XS"
DEBUG: Flag = "csv" Mod = "Text::CSV_PP"
DEBUG: Flag = "csv" Mod = "Text::CSV"
DEBUG: Flag = "ods" Mod = "Spreadsheet::ReadSXC"
DEBUG: Flag = "sxc" Mod = "Spreadsheet::ReadSXC"
DEBUG: Flag = "xls" Mod = "Spreadsheet::ParseExcel"
DEBUG: Flag = "xlsx" Mod = "Spreadsheet::XLSX"
DEBUG: Flag = "prl" Mod = "Spreadsheet::Perl"
DEBUG: Flag = "ios" Mod = "IO::Scalar"
$VAR1 = {
          'csv' => 'Text::CSV_XS',
          'sxc' => 0,
          'xlsx' => 0,
          'xls' => 'Spreadsheet::ParseExcel',
          'ios' => 'IO::Scalar',
          'prl' => 0,
          'ods' => 0
        };
It works

我可以在我的测试程序中通过use Spreadsheet::XLSX获取use Spreadsheet::XLSX，但是Spreadsheet::Read中的require似乎没有看到它。

为什么？

附录

，如果你打印Dumper( \%INC )，你会得到什么？-弗里多2分钟前

实际上我做得更好。我在循环中添加了以下一行：

require $mod if ($mod eq "Spreadsheet::XLSX"); #DEBUG

这产生了错误信息：

Can't locate Spreadsheet::XLSX in @INC (@INC contains:
    /usr/lib/perl5/5.8/cygwin /usr/lib/perl5/5.8
    /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8/cygwin
    /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8
    /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8/cygwin
    /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8 
    /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8/cygwin
    /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8 
    /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8/cygwin
    /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8 .) at 
    /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8/Spreadsheet/Read.pm line 57.
Compilation failed in require at ./test.pl line 3.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at ./test.pl line 3.

(注意到：我对输出进行了重新格式化，这样就不会很长时间使用1000+字符，并且更容易查看@INC路径)。

模块在/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8/Spreadsheet/XLSX.pm中。

哦，看看这个：

$ pwd
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8/Spreadsheet

$ ls -la
total 152
drwxr-xr-x+  4 phalder   Domain Users      0 Nov  1 21:51 .
drwxrwxrw-+ 11 twinborne Users             0 Nov  1 22:28 ..
drwxr-xr-x+  3 phalder   Domain Users      0 Nov  1 20:48 ParseExcel
-rwxr-xr-x   1 phalder   Domain Users 107773 Apr  6  2011 ParseExcel.pm
-rwxrwxrwx   1 phalder   Domain Users  29142 Nov  2 12:53 Read.pm
drwxr-xr-x+  2 phalder   Domain Users      0 Nov  1 21:51 XLSX
-rwxr-xr-x   1 phalder   Domain Users   8411 May 16  2010 XLSX.pm

$ ls -la XLSX
total 48
drwxr-xr-x+ 2 phalder Domain Users     0 Nov  1 21:51 .
drwxr-xr-x+ 4 phalder Domain Users     0 Nov  1 21:51 ..
-rwxr-xr-x  1 phalder Domain Users  5487 May 16  2010 Fmt2007.pm
-rwxr-xr-x  1 phalder Domain Users 37046 May 16  2010 Utility2007.pm

许可似乎没问题。

另一增编：

当我重新安装CPAN时，我得到了以下信息：

Result: PASS
  /usr/bin/make test -- OK
Running make install
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
ERROR: Can't create '/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8/cygwin/auto/Spreadsheet/Read'
Do not have write permissions on     
'/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8/cygwin/auto/Spreadsheet/Read'
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
 at -e line 1
Installing /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8/Spreadsheet/Read.pm
Installing /usr/share/man/man3/Spreadsheet.Read.3pm
make: *** [pure_site_install] Error 255
   /usr/bin/make install  -- NOT OK

糟了！我没有检查/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8/cygwin目录树的权限。

对整个chmod -R a+rx *目录执行/usr/lib/perl5操作。我们看看能不能再起作用。

Answer 1

发现问题

我采取了一种稍微不同的策略。我修改了Spreadsheet::Read，以便在eval之后打印出$@。那样的话，我就能看出这是什么错误了。结果如下：

$ ./test.pl
DEBUG: ""DEBUG: "Can't locate Spreadsheet/ReadSXC.pm in @INC
(@INC contains:
    /usr/lib/perl5/5.8/cygwin
    /usr/lib/perl5/5.8
    /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8/cygwin
    /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8
    /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8/cygwin
    /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8
    /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8/cygwin
    /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8
    /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8/cygwin
    /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8 .) at (eval 8) line 1.
"DEBUG: "Can't locate Spreadsheet/ReadSXC.pm in @INC
(@INC contains: /usr/lib/perl5/5.8/cygwin [...]) at (eval 9) line 1.
"DEBUG: ""DEBUG: "Can't locate Compress/Raw/Zlib.pm in @INC
(@INC contains: /usr/lib/perl5/5.8/cygwin [...]) at (eval 15) line 1.
"DEBUG: "Can't locate Spreadsheet/Perl.pm in @INC
(@INC contains: /usr/lib/perl5/5.8/cygwin [...]) at (eval 18) line 1.

你看到了吗？问题不是Spreadsheet::XLSX，而是Compress::Raw::Zlib。我将/usr/lib/perl上的整个权限设置为777，然后安装Compress::Raw::Zlib和Spreadsheet::ReadSXC。

在最初安装这些模块时，这肯定是个问题。我不是负责cpan安装的人，而是通过电话帮助这个人，所以如果出现这些错误，我就没有机会看到。CPAN往往非常、非常嘈杂，我已经学会了在CPAN运行时捕获随机错误消息。

问题可能是/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8/cygwin一直没有正确的权限。

这个程序现在起作用了。

谢谢你的帮助。不知怎么的，它让我找到了正确的线索。