我在WPF中工作的主要目的是允许编辑和打印带有吉他和弦的歌曲歌词。
你可能已经看过和弦,即使你不会演奏任何乐器。为了给你一个想法,它看起来是这样的:
E E6
I know I stand in line until you
E E6 F#m B F#m B
think you have the time to spend an evening with me但是,我想要的不是这种丑陋的单间距字体,而是歌词和和弦都带有角化的Times New Roman字体(和弦以粗体表示)。我希望用户能够编辑这个。
这似乎不支持RichTextBox的场景。以下是一些我不知道如何解决的问题:
TextPointer )。当用户编辑歌词时,我希望和弦保持在正确的角色上。示例:。
E E6
I know !TEXT REPLACED HERE! in line until you。
E E6
think you have the time to spend an
F#m B F#m B
evening with me。
F#m E6
...you have the ti me to spend... Ta VA和和弦超过A。我想让歌词看起来像
不像

。第二张图片不在V和A之间。橙色的线条只是为了形象的效果(但他们标记x偏移将和弦放置在哪里)。用于生成第一个示例的代码是<TextBlock FontFamily="Times New Roman" FontSize="60">Ta VA</TextBlock>,用于生成第二个示例<TextBlock FontFamily="Times New Roman" FontSize="60"><Span>Ta V<Floater />A</Span></TextBlock>的代码。
对于如何让RichTextBox做到这一点,有什么想法吗?或者在WPF中有更好的方法来做到这一点?我会将Inline或Run作为子类帮助吗?欢迎任何想法,黑客,TextPointer魔术,代码或相关主题的链接。
编辑:
我正在探索解决这个问题的两个主要方向,但这两个方向都会导致另一个问题,所以我提出了新的问题:
RichTextBox变成和弦编辑器--看看如何创建内联类的子类?。Panel中的建议,从单独的组件(如TextBox、es等)构建新的编辑器。这需要进行大量的编码,并导致以下(未解决的)问题:- [Components will change their Width/Height according to they layout position](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5834187/how-lay-out-list-of-components-that-can-change-their-width-height-according-to-th) (white space removal at line beginning etc.)
- [Kerning will have to be inserted manually](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5809498/get-kerning-offset-value-for-given-character-pair-and-font-in-net) at components boundaries.
- [How to make RichTextBox look like TextBlock?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5820578/wpf-how-to-make-richtextbox-look-like-textblock) (not elegant hack/workaround is known)
Edit#2
马库斯·侯特尔的高质量答案向我展示了RichTextBox还可以做更多的事情,而当我试图自己调整它以满足我的需要时,我就预料到了。我现在才有时间详细地研究这个答案。马库斯可能是RichTextBox魔术师,我需要在这方面帮助我,但他的解决方案也有一些未解决的问题:
LineHeight设置为25或其他固定值时,就会导致没有和弦的线条在它们上面有“空行”。当只有和弦,没有文字时,它们就没有空间了。还有其他一些小问题,但我要么认为我能解决它们,要么我认为它们不重要。无论如何,我认为Markus的答案是非常有价值的--不仅为我展示了可能的方法,而且还演示了使用RichTextBox和装饰器的一般模式。
发布于 2011-04-26 23:54:25
我不能给你任何具体的帮助,但是在建筑方面,你需要改变你的布局。

到这个

其他的都是黑客。你的单位/字形必须成为一个字和弦对。
编辑:,我一直在用一个模板化的ItemsControl,它甚至在某种程度上起作用,所以它可能很有趣。
<ItemsControl Grid.IsSharedSizeScope="True" ItemsSource="{Binding SheetData}"
Name="_chordEditor">
<ItemsControl.ItemsPanel>
<ItemsPanelTemplate>
<WrapPanel/>
</ItemsPanelTemplate>
</ItemsControl.ItemsPanel>
<ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition SharedSizeGroup="A" Height="Auto"/>
<RowDefinition SharedSizeGroup="B" Height="Auto"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Grid.Children>
<TextBox Name="chordTB" Grid.Row="0" Text="{Binding Chord}"/>
<TextBox Name="wordTB" Grid.Row="1" Text="{Binding Word}"
PreviewKeyDown="Glyph_Word_KeyDown" TextChanged="Glyph_Word_TextChanged"/>
</Grid.Children>
</Grid>
</DataTemplate>
</ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
</ItemsControl>private readonly ObservableCollection<ChordWordPair> _sheetData = new ObservableCollection<ChordWordPair>();
public ObservableCollection<ChordWordPair> SheetData
{
get { return _sheetData; }
}public class ChordWordPair: INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private string _chord = String.Empty;
public string Chord
{
get { return _chord; }
set
{
if (_chord != value)
{
_chord = value;
// This uses some reflection extension method,
// a normal event raising method would do just fine.
PropertyChanged.Notify(() => this.Chord);
}
}
}
private string _word = String.Empty;
public string Word
{
get { return _word; }
set
{
if (_word != value)
{
_word = value;
PropertyChanged.Notify(() => this.Word);
}
}
}
public ChordWordPair() { }
public ChordWordPair(string word, string chord)
{
Word = word;
Chord = chord;
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
}private void AddNewGlyph(string text, int index)
{
var glyph = new ChordWordPair(text, String.Empty);
SheetData.Insert(index, glyph);
FocusGlyphTextBox(glyph, false);
}
private void FocusGlyphTextBox(ChordWordPair glyph, bool moveCaretToEnd)
{
var cp = _chordEditor.ItemContainerGenerator.ContainerFromItem(glyph) as ContentPresenter;
Action focusAction = () =>
{
var grid = VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(cp, 0) as Grid;
var wordTB = grid.Children[1] as TextBox;
Keyboard.Focus(wordTB);
if (moveCaretToEnd)
{
wordTB.CaretIndex = int.MaxValue;
}
};
if (!cp.IsLoaded)
{
cp.Loaded += (s, e) => focusAction.Invoke();
}
else
{
focusAction.Invoke();
}
}
private void Glyph_Word_TextChanged(object sender, TextChangedEventArgs e)
{
var glyph = (sender as FrameworkElement).DataContext as ChordWordPair;
var tb = sender as TextBox;
string[] glyphs = tb.Text.Split(' ');
if (glyphs.Length > 1)
{
glyph.Word = glyphs[0];
for (int i = 1; i < glyphs.Length; i++)
{
AddNewGlyph(glyphs[i], SheetData.IndexOf(glyph) + i);
}
}
}
private void Glyph_Word_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
var tb = sender as TextBox;
var glyph = (sender as FrameworkElement).DataContext as ChordWordPair;
if (e.Key == Key.Left && tb.CaretIndex == 0 || e.Key == Key.Back && tb.Text == String.Empty)
{
int i = SheetData.IndexOf(glyph);
if (i > 0)
{
var leftGlyph = SheetData[i - 1];
FocusGlyphTextBox(leftGlyph, true);
e.Handled = true;
if (e.Key == Key.Back) SheetData.Remove(glyph);
}
}
if (e.Key == Key.Right && tb.CaretIndex == tb.Text.Length)
{
int i = SheetData.IndexOf(glyph);
if (i < SheetData.Count - 1)
{
var rightGlyph = SheetData[i + 1];
FocusGlyphTextBox(rightGlyph, false);
e.Handled = true;
}
}
}最初,应该向集合中添加一些字形,否则将没有输入字段(可以通过进一步的模板处理来避免这种情况,例如,如果集合为空,则使用一个显示字段的数据处理程序)。
完善这一点需要做很多额外的工作,比如为TextBoxes添加样式、添加写行中断(现在它只在包装面板完成时中断)、支持跨越多个文本框的选择等等。
发布于 2011-05-01 02:07:46
我在这里玩得很开心。如下所示:

歌词是完全可编辑的,和弦目前没有(但这将是一个容易的扩展)。
这是xaml:
<Window ...>
<AdornerDecorator>
<!-- setting the LineHeight enables us to position the Adorner on top of the text -->
<RichTextBox TextBlock.LineHeight="25" Padding="0,25,0,0" Name="RTB"/>
</AdornerDecorator>
</Window>这是密码:
public partial class MainWindow
{
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
const string input = "E E6\nI know I stand in line until you\nE E6 F#m B F#m B\nthink you have the time to spend an evening with me ";
var lines = input.Split('\n');
var paragraph = new Paragraph{Margin = new Thickness(0),Padding = new Thickness(0)}; // Paragraph sets default margins, don't want those
RTB.Document = new FlowDocument(paragraph);
// this is getting the AdornerLayer, we explicitly included in the xaml.
// in it's visual tree the RTB actually has an AdornerLayer, that would rather
// be the AdornerLayer we want to get
// for that you will either want to subclass RichTextBox to expose the Child of
// GetTemplateChild("ContentElement") (which supposedly is the ScrollViewer
// that hosts the FlowDocument as of http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff457769(v=vs.95).aspx
// , I hope this holds true for WPF as well, I rather remember this being something
// called "PART_ScrollSomething", but I'm sure you will find that out)
//
// another option would be to not subclass from RTB and just traverse the VisualTree
// with the VisualTreeHelper to find the UIElement that you can use for GetAdornerLayer
var adornerLayer = AdornerLayer.GetAdornerLayer(RTB);
for (var i = 1; i < lines.Length; i += 2)
{
var run = new Run(lines[i]);
paragraph.Inlines.Add(run);
paragraph.Inlines.Add(new LineBreak());
var chordpos = lines[i - 1].Split(' ');
var pos = 0;
foreach (string t in chordpos)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(t))
{
var position = run.ContentStart.GetPositionAtOffset(pos);
adornerLayer.Add(new ChordAdorner(RTB,t,position));
}
pos += t.Length + 1;
}
}
}
}使用此Adorner:
public class ChordAdorner : Adorner
{
private readonly TextPointer _position;
private static readonly PropertyInfo TextViewProperty = typeof(TextSelection).GetProperty("TextView", BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic);
private static readonly EventInfo TextViewUpdateEvent = TextViewProperty.PropertyType.GetEvent("Updated");
private readonly FormattedText _formattedText;
public ChordAdorner(RichTextBox adornedElement, string chord, TextPointer position) : base(adornedElement)
{
_position = position;
// I'm in no way associated with the font used, nor recommend it, it's just the first example I found of FormattedText
_formattedText = new FormattedText(chord, CultureInfo.GetCultureInfo("en-us"),FlowDirection.LeftToRight,new Typeface(new FontFamily("Arial").ToString()),12,Brushes.Black);
// this is where the magic starts
// you would otherwise not know when to actually reposition the drawn Chords
// you could otherwise only subscribe to TextChanged and schedule a Dispatcher
// call to update this Adorner, which either fires too often or not often enough
// that's why you're using the RichTextBox.Selection.TextView.Updated event
// (you're then basically updating the same time that the Caret-Adorner
// updates it's position)
Dispatcher.CurrentDispatcher.BeginInvoke(DispatcherPriority.Loaded, new Action(() =>
{
object textView = TextViewProperty.GetValue(adornedElement.Selection, null);
TextViewUpdateEvent.AddEventHandler(textView, Delegate.CreateDelegate(TextViewUpdateEvent.EventHandlerType, ((Action<object, EventArgs>)TextViewUpdated).Target, ((Action<object, EventArgs>)TextViewUpdated).Method));
InvalidateVisual(); //call here an event that triggers the update, if
//you later decide you want to include a whole VisualTree
//you will have to change this as well as this ----------.
})); // |
} // |
// |
public void TextViewUpdated(object sender, EventArgs e) // |
{ // V
Dispatcher.CurrentDispatcher.BeginInvoke(DispatcherPriority.Loaded, new Action(InvalidateVisual));
}
protected override void OnRender(DrawingContext drawingContext)
{
if(!_position.HasValidLayout) return; // with the current setup this *should* always be true. check anyway
var pos = _position.GetCharacterRect(LogicalDirection.Forward).TopLeft;
pos += new Vector(0, -10); //reposition so it's on top of the line
drawingContext.DrawText(_formattedText,pos);
}
}这是使用像大卫建议的装饰品,但我知道很难找到一个如何在那里。那可能是因为根本就没有。几个小时前,我在反射器中试图找出一个确切的事件,表明流程文档的布局已经确定。
我不确定构造函数中的dispatcher调用是否真的需要,但我保留了它,因为它是防弹的。(我需要这样做,因为在我的设置中还没有显示RichTextBox )。
显然,这需要更多的编码,但这将给您一个开始。你会想要到处玩定位之类的。
为了正确定位,如果两个装饰器太近并且是重叠的,我建议您跟踪哪个装饰器出现在前面,看看当前的装饰器是否会重叠。然后,例如,可以迭代地在_position-TextPointer之前插入一个空格。
如果您稍后决定,您希望和弦也可编辑,您可以不只是绘制文本在OnRender有一个完整的VisualTree下的装饰。(这里是一个装饰器的例子,下面有一个ContentControl )。不过,请注意,您必须处理ArrangeOveride,然后才能通过_position CharacterRect正确地定位Adorner。
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5796457
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