我已经试了将近两个小时了,没有任何运气。
我有一个模块看起来是这样的:
try:
from zope.component import queryUtility # and things like this
except ImportError:
# do some fallback operations <-- how to test this?稍后在代码中:
try:
queryUtility(foo)
except NameError:
# do some fallback actions <-- this one is easy with mocking
# zope.component.queryUtility to raise a NameError有什么想法吗?
编辑:
亚历克斯的建议似乎行不通:
>>> import __builtin__
>>> realimport = __builtin__.__import__
>>> def fakeimport(name, *args, **kw):
... if name == 'zope.component':
... raise ImportError
... realimport(name, *args, **kw)
...
>>> __builtin__.__import__ = fakeimport在运行测试时:
aatiis@aiur ~/work/ao.shorturl $ ./bin/test --coverage .
Running zope.testing.testrunner.layer.UnitTests tests:
Set up zope.testing.testrunner.layer.UnitTests in 0.000 seconds.
Error in test /home/aatiis/work/ao.shorturl/src/ao/shorturl/shorturl.txt
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/unittest.py", line 260, in run
testMethod()
File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/doctest.py", line 2123, in runTest
test, out=new.write, clear_globs=False)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/doctest.py", line 1361, in run
return self.__run(test, compileflags, out)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/doctest.py", line 1282, in __run
exc_info)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/doctest.py", line 1148, in report_unexpected_exception
'Exception raised:\n' + _indent(_exception_traceback(exc_info)))
File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/doctest.py", line 1163, in _failure_header
out.append(_indent(source))
File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/doctest.py", line 224, in _indent
return re.sub('(?m)^(?!$)', indent*' ', s)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/re.py", line 150, in sub
return _compile(pattern, 0).sub(repl, string, count)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/re.py", line 239, in _compile
p = sre_compile.compile(pattern, flags)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/sre_compile.py", line 507, in compile
p = sre_parse.parse(p, flags)
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'parse'
Error in test BaseShortUrlHandler (ao.shorturl)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/unittest.py", line 260, in run
testMethod()
File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/doctest.py", line 2123, in runTest
test, out=new.write, clear_globs=False)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/doctest.py", line 1351, in run
self.debugger = _OutputRedirectingPdb(save_stdout)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/doctest.py", line 324, in __init__
pdb.Pdb.__init__(self, stdout=out)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/pdb.py", line 57, in __init__
cmd.Cmd.__init__(self, completekey, stdin, stdout)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.5/cmd.py", line 90, in __init__
import sys
File "<doctest shorturl.txt[10]>", line 4, in fakeimport
NameError: global name 'realimport' is not defined但是,当我从python交互控制台运行相同的代码时,会执行工作。
更多编辑:
我使用的是zope.testing和一个测试文件shorturl.txt,它包含所有特定于模块这一部分的测试。首先,我使用可用的zope.component导入模块,以演示和测试通常的用法。zope.*包的缺失被认为是一种边缘情况,所以我稍后将对其进行测试。因此,在使reload()不可用之后,我必须以某种方式对模块进行zope.*处理。
到目前为止,我甚至尝试使用tempfile.mktempdir()并在tempdir中空zope/__init__.py和zope/component/__init__.py文件,然后将tempdir插入sys.path[0],并从sys.modules中删除旧的zope.*包。
也没起作用。
更多编辑:
与此同时,我试过这个:
>>> class NoZope(object):
... def find_module(self, fullname, path):
... if fullname.startswith('zope'):
... raise ImportError
...
>>> import sys
>>> sys.path.insert(0, NoZope())它在测试套件的命名空间(= shorturl.txt中的所有导入)中运行良好,但它没有在我的主模块ao.shorturl中执行。甚至当我reload()的时候也不会。知道为什么吗?
>>> import zope # ok, this raises an ImportError
>>> reload(ao.shorturl) <module ...>导入zope.interfaces会引发ImportError,因此它不会到达我导入zope.component的部分,而则会保留在ao.shorturl命名空间中。为什么?!
>>> ao.shorturl.zope.component # why?!
<module ...>发布于 2010-03-20 01:50:03
只需将猴子放入builtins --您自己版本的__import__ --当它认识到它正在被调用到您想要模拟错误的特定模块时,它可以引发任何您想要的东西。有关详细信息,请参见医生们。大致如下:
try:
import builtins
except ImportError:
import __builtin__ as builtins
realimport = builtins.__import__
def myimport(name, globals, locals, fromlist, level):
if ...:
raise ImportError
return realimport(name, globals, locals, fromlist, level)
builtins.__import__ = myimport代替...,您可以硬编码name == 'zope.component',或者使用自己的回调来更灵活地安排事情,这可以使导入在不同情况下按需增加,这取决于您的特定测试需求,而无需编写多个__import__-alike函数;-)。
还请注意,如果您使用的是import zope.component或from zope.component import something,而不是from zope import component,那么name将是'zope',而'component'将是fromlist中的唯一项目。
编辑:__import__函数的文档表示要导入的名称是builtin (类似于Python3中的名称),但实际上您需要__builtins__ --我已经编辑了上面的代码,这样它就可以工作了。
发布于 2010-03-20 19:27:48
这就是我在单元测试中所做的。
它使用PEP-302“新进口钩”。(警告: PEP-302文档和我所链接的更简洁的发布说明并不完全准确。)
我使用meta_path,因为它在导入序列中越早越好。
如果模块已经被导入(在我的例子中,因为前面的单元测试是针对它的),那么在对依赖模块执行reload之前,有必要从reload中删除它。
# Ensure we fallback to using ~/.pif if XDG doesn't exist.
>>> import sys
>>> class _():
... def __init__(self, modules):
... self.modules = modules
...
... def find_module(self, fullname, path=None):
... if fullname in self.modules:
... raise ImportError('Debug import failure for %s' % fullname)
>>> fail_loader = _(['xdg.BaseDirectory'])
>>> sys.meta_path.append(fail_loader)
>>> del sys.modules['xdg.BaseDirectory']
>>> reload(pif.index) #doctest: +ELLIPSIS
<module 'pif.index' from '...'>
>>> pif.index.CONFIG_DIR == os.path.expanduser('~/.pif')
True
>>> sys.meta_path.remove(fail_loader)pif.index中的代码如下所示:
try:
import xdg.BaseDirectory
CONFIG_DIR = os.path.join(xdg.BaseDirectory.xdg_data_home, 'pif')
except ImportError:
CONFIG_DIR = os.path.expanduser('~/.pif')要回答为什么新重新加载的模块具有旧的和新的加载的属性的问题,以下是两个示例文件。
第一个是带有导入失败案例的模块y。
# y.py
try:
import sys
_loaded_with = 'sys'
except ImportError:
import os
_loaded_with = 'os'第二个是x,它演示了在重新加载模块时,离开句柄会如何影响其属性。
# x.py
import sys
import y
assert y._loaded_with == 'sys'
assert y.sys
class _():
def __init__(self, modules):
self.modules = modules
def find_module(self, fullname, path=None):
if fullname in self.modules:
raise ImportError('Debug import failure for %s' % fullname)
# Importing sys will not raise an ImportError.
fail_loader = _(['sys'])
sys.meta_path.append(fail_loader)
# Demonstrate that reloading doesn't work if the module is already in the
# cache.
reload(y)
assert y._loaded_with == 'sys'
assert y.sys
# Now we remove sys from the modules cache, and try again.
del sys.modules['sys']
reload(y)
assert y._loaded_with == 'os'
assert y.sys
assert y.os
# Now we remove the handles to the old y so it can get garbage-collected.
del sys.modules['y']
del y
import y
assert y._loaded_with == 'os'
try:
assert y.sys
except AttributeError:
pass
assert y.os发布于 2015-07-02 18:01:33
如果您不介意更改程序本身,也可以将导入调用放入函数中,并在测试中对其进行修补。
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2481511
复制相似问题