我有一个智能电能表,它每秒钟发送一次能耗数据。我编写的读取数据的守护进程程序(C++/ call )在USB电缆断开并在阻塞read()调用中无限期停止时不会退出。
如何中断阻塞read()调用(即使用EINTR而不是等待下一个字符)?
我搜索了大量的谷歌,并在这里寻找了这样,并没有找到这个问题的答案。
详细信息:
试过:
可能的解决办法:
编辑:下面的代码现在将read()调用缓冲为一个中间缓冲区,即255个字节(VMIN = 255,VTIME = 5),这些缓冲区来自于这里。这避免了为每个字符调用read()的小开销。在实践中,与一次读一个字符相比,这并没有什么区别。Read()仍然没有在电缆断开时优雅地退出。需要用kill -s SIGQUIT $PID杀死守护进程。SIGKILL不起作用。
main.cpp:
volatile sig_atomic_t shutdown = false;
void sig_handler(int)
{
shutdown = true;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
struct sigaction action;
action.sa_handler = sig_handler;
sigemptyset(&action.sa_mask);
action.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
sigaction(SIGINT, &action, NULL);
sigaction(SIGTERM, &action, NULL);
while (shutdown == false)
{
if (!meter->Receive())
{
std::cout << meter->GetErrorMessage() << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
}Smartmeter.cpp:
bool Smartmeter::Receive(void)
{
memset(ReceiveBuffer, '\0', Smartmeter::ReceiveBufferSize);
if (!Serial->ReadBytes(ReceiveBuffer, Smartmeter::ReceiveBufferSize))
{
ErrorMessage = Serial->GetErrorMessage();
return false;
}
}SmartMeterSerial.cpp:
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include "SmartmeterSerial.h"
const unsigned char SmartmeterSerial::BufferSize = 255;
SmartmeterSerial::~SmartmeterSerial(void)
{
if (SerialPort > 0) {
close(SerialPort);
}
}
bool SmartmeterSerial::Begin(const std::string &device)
{
if (device.empty()) {
ErrorMessage = "Serial device argument empty";
return false;
}
if ((SerialPort = open(device.c_str(), (O_RDONLY | O_NOCTTY))) < 0)
{
ErrorMessage = std::string("Error opening serial device: ")
+ strerror(errno) + " (" + std::to_string(errno) + ")";
return false;
}
if(!isatty(SerialPort))
{
ErrorMessage = std::string("Error: Device ") + device + " is not a tty.";
return false;
}
if (flock(SerialPort, LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB) < 0)
{
ErrorMessage = std::string("Error locking serial device: ")
+ strerror(errno) + " (" + std::to_string(errno) + ")";
return false;
}
if (ioctl(SerialPort, TIOCEXCL) < 0)
{
ErrorMessage = std::string("Error setting exclusive access: ")
+ strerror(errno) + " (" + std::to_string(errno) + ")";
return false;
}
struct termios serial_port_settings;
memset(&serial_port_settings, 0, sizeof(serial_port_settings));
if (tcgetattr(SerialPort, &serial_port_settings))
{
ErrorMessage = std::string("Error getting serial port attributes: ")
+ strerror(errno) + " (" + std::to_string(errno) + ")";
return false;
}
cfmakeraw(&serial_port_settings);
// configure serial port
// speed: 9600 baud, data bits: 7, stop bits: 1, parity: even
cfsetispeed(&serial_port_settings, B9600);
cfsetospeed(&serial_port_settings, B9600);
serial_port_settings.c_cflag |= (CLOCAL | CREAD);
serial_port_settings.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;
serial_port_settings.c_cflag |= (CS7 | PARENB);
// vmin: read() returns when x byte(s) are available
// vtime: wait for up to x * 0.1 second between characters
serial_port_settings.c_cc[VMIN] = SmartmeterSerial::BufferSize;
serial_port_settings.c_cc[VTIME] = 5;
if (tcsetattr(SerialPort, TCSANOW, &serial_port_settings))
{
ErrorMessage = std::string("Error setting serial port attributes: ")
+ strerror(errno) + " (" + std::to_string(errno) + ")";
return false;
}
tcflush(SerialPort, TCIOFLUSH);
return true;
}
char SmartmeterSerial::GetByte(void)
{
static char buffer[SmartmeterSerial::BufferSize] = {0};
static char *p = buffer;
static int count = 0;
if ((p - buffer) >= count)
{
if ((count = read(SerialPort, buffer, SmartmeterSerial::BufferSize)) < 0)
{
// read() never fails with EINTR signal on cable disconnect
ErrorMessage = std::string("Read on serial device failed: ")
+ strerror(errno) + " (" + std::to_string(errno) + ")";
return false;
}
p = buffer;
}
return *p++;
}
bool SmartmeterSerial::ReadBytes(char *buffer, const int &length)
{
int bytes_received = 0;
char *p = buffer;
bool message_begin = false;
tcflush(SerialPort, TCIOFLUSH);
while (bytes_received < length)
{
if ((*p = GetByte()) == '/')
{
message_begin = true;
}
if (message_begin)
{
++p;
++bytes_received;
}
}
if (*(p-3) != '!')
{
ErrorMessage = "Serial datagram stream not in sync.";
return false;
}
return true;
}非常感谢你的帮助。
发布于 2021-05-19 18:54:47
虽然下面的代码不是关于如何中断阻塞read()调用的最初问题的解决方案,但至少对我来说这是一个可实现的解决方案。对于VMIN =0和VTIME =0,现在是一个非阻塞的read():
bool SmartmeterSerial::ReadBytes(char *buffer, const int &length)
{
int bytes_received = 0;
char *p = buffer;
tcflush(SerialPort, TCIOFLUSH);
bool message_begin = false;
const int timeout = 10000;
int count = 0;
char byte;
while (bytes_received < length)
{
if ((byte = read(SerialPort, p, 1)) < 0)
{
ErrorMessage = std::string("Read on serial device failed: ")
+ strerror(errno) + " (" + std::to_string(errno) + ")";
return false;
}
if (*p == '/')
{
message_begin = true;
}
if (message_begin && byte)
{
++p;
bytes_received += byte;
}
if (count > timeout)
{
ErrorMessage = "Read on serial device failed: Timeout";
return false;
}
++count;
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds(100));
}
if (*(p-3) != '!')
{
ErrorMessage = "Serial datagram stream not in sync.";
return false;
}
return true;
}但是,我仍然想知道是否真的有可能中断阻塞的“`read()”,因为这个解决方法是不断地轮询串行端口。
我相信一次读取一个字符不是一个问题,因为从UART接收到的字节是由操作系统缓冲的--但是不断地使用read()轮询缓冲区!也许我会在read()之前尝试一个read(),尽管我不知道这是否真的会产生不同的效果。
有什么建议吗?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67597395
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