使用python替换“=”符号时遇到整数

Question

你好，我对python和regex很陌生。我有一个字符串，我想重新格式化/替换

string = '1John Radcliffe Hospital/Oxford/United Kingdom, 11Ruhr-Universität 
3/Bochum/Bochum/Germany, 3University of British Columbia/Vancouver/Canada, 4National 
Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry/Tokyo/Japan, 
5University of Catania/Catania/Italy, 6F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd/Basel/Switzerland, 7 
University of Colorado School of Medicine/Aurora/United States of America'

我确实试过：

re.sub('(, \d+()?)', r'\1=', string).strip()

预期产出：

string = '1=John Radcliffe Hospital/Oxford/United Kingdom, 11=Ruhr-Universität 
3/Bochum/Bochum/Germany, 3=University of British Columbia/Vancouver/Canada, 4=National 
Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry/Tokyo/Japan, 
5=University of Catania/Catania/Italy, 6=F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd/Basel/Switzerland, 
7=University of Colorado School of Medicine/Aurora/United States of America'

Answer 1

您可以在不使用捕获组的情况下匹配字符串的开头，也可以匹配空格和逗号，并且在匹配单个数字后不能断言一个数字。

(?:^|, )\d+(?!/)

模式匹配

• (?:^|, )非捕获组，断言字符串的开始或修补程序,。
• \d+(?!/)匹配1+位数，而不是直接向右断言/。

Regex演示 x- Python演示

在替换中，使用完全匹配，后面跟着等号

\g<0>=

示例

import re

string = ("1John Radcliffe Hospital/Oxford/United Kingdom, 11Ruhr-Universität \n"
          "3/Bochum/Bochum/Germany, 3University of British Columbia/Vancouver/Canada, 4National \n"
          "Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry/Tokyo/Japan, \n"
          "5University of Catania/Catania/Italy, 6F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd/Basel/Switzerland, 7 \n"
          "University of Colorado School of Medicine/Aurora/United States of America")

result = re.sub(r'(?:^|, )\d+(?!/)', r'\g<0>=', string, 0, re.MULTILINE).strip()
print(result)

输出

1=John Radcliffe Hospital/Oxford/United Kingdom, 11=Ruhr-Universität 
3/Bochum/Bochum/Germany, 3=University of British Columbia/Vancouver/Canada, 4=National 
Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry/Tokyo/Japan, 
5=University of Catania/Catania/Italy, 6=F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd/Basel/Switzerland, 7= 
University of Colorado School of Medicine/Aurora/United States of America

另一个选项可能是在匹配一个数字之后，使用正前瞻来断言大写字符[A-Z]。

(?:^|, )\d+(?=\s*[A-Z])

Regex演示