在windows上安装CPPYY的cmd错误

Question

我一直试图在我的电脑上安装科皮伊，但我对此并不熟悉，所以我对此不太了解，我的电脑上安装了python和pip。

C:\WINDOWS\system32>python --version
Python 3.8.6

C:\WINDOWS\system32> pip --version
pip 20.2.3

当我试着跑

pip安装

cmd给了我错误

    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\python.exe' 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python38\site-packages\pip' install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-z4gw8trb\overlay' --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple -- 'CPyCppyy==1.11.4; python_implementation != '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' 'cppyy-backend==1.14.0; python_implementation != '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' 'cppyy-cling==6.21.3; python_implementation != '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' 'cppyy-cling<=6.18.2.3; python_implementation == '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' setuptools wheel
       cwd: None
  Complete output (42 lines):
  Ignoring cppyy-cling: markers 'platform_python_implementation == "PyPy"' don't match your environment
  Collecting CPyCppyy==1.11.4
    Using cached CPyCppyy-1.11.4.tar.gz (178 kB)
    Installing build dependencies: started
    Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'error'
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\python.exe' 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python38\site-packages\pip' install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-hj42_3n3\overlay' --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple -- 'cppyy-cling>=6.21.3' 'cppyy-backend>=1.14' setuptools wheel
         cwd: None
    Complete output (31 lines):
    Collecting cppyy-cling>=6.21.3
      Using cached cppyy_cling-6.21.3-py2.py3-none-win_amd64.whl (18.2 MB)
    Collecting cppyy-backend>=1.14
      Using cached cppyy-backend-1.14.0.tar.gz (32 kB)
      Installing build dependencies: started
      Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done'
      Getting requirements to build wheel: started
      Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done'
        Preparing wheel metadata: started
        Preparing wheel metadata: finished with status 'done'
    Collecting setuptools
      Using cached setuptools-50.3.0-py3-none-any.whl (785 kB)
    Collecting wheel
      Using cached wheel-0.35.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (33 kB)
    Building wheels for collected packages: cppyy-backend
      Building wheel for cppyy-backend (PEP 517): started
      Building wheel for cppyy-backend (PEP 517): finished with status 'error'
      ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
       command: 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\python.exe' 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python38\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pep517\_in_process.py' build_wheel 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpojxb8d41'
           cwd: C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-znkz3pmg\cppyy-backend
      Complete output (6 lines):
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      running build_ext
      checking for build\temp.win-amd64-3.8\Release
      creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.8\Release
      error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or greater is required. Get it with "Microsoft C++ Build Tools": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/visual-cpp-build-tools/
      ----------------------------------------
      ERROR: Failed building wheel for cppyy-backend
    Failed to build cppyy-backend
    ERROR: Could not build wheels for cppyy-backend which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly
    ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\python.exe' 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python38\site-packages\pip' install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-hj42_3n3\overlay' --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple -- 'cppyy-cling>=6.21.3' 'cppyy-backend>=1.14' setuptools wheel Check the logs for full command output.
  ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\python.exe' 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python38\site-packages\pip' install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-z4gw8trb\overlay' --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple -- 'CPyCppyy==1.11.4; python_implementation != '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' 'cppyy-backend==1.14.0; python_implementation != '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' 'cppyy-cling==6.21.3; python_implementation != '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' 'cppyy-cling<=6.18.2.3; python_implementation == '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' setuptools wheel Check the logs for full command output.

我在网站上找到了一些指导，但我很难理解，因为我是新手。

提前感谢

Answer 1

试着升级安装工具轮

pip install -U setuptools wheel

结束，然后尝试

pip install cppyy --no-index

如果没有帮助的话，这个问题可能由于python3.8 by PyPi it‘s supported <=3.7

Answer 2

正如在错误消息中所显示的以及hoefling已经提到的，您需要一个系统编译器，对于系统头，至少需要一个编译器，但是对于C++库头也是如此。Cling需要这些标头中的代码来解析您可能提供给它的使用C++标准库或C++系统特性的任何新代码。

原则上，可以通过cppyy发布预编译的头部，其中包含所有的系统头和C++头作为IR bitcode，但是MSVC喜欢在不同版本之间更改标头包含保护，这样只有在没有系统编译器的情况下才能工作。(在Linux上更好一些，但在某些情况下，它也更改了包含保护名。)这将在Windows上支持预编译模块(PCM；而不是头)后重新讨论。然后，如果没有可用的系统编译器，就可以预先打包并有条件地安装这些PCM。然而，上游的模块支持仍然非常新鲜，甚至还没有发布，所以这只会出现在中期。

不管怎样，MSVC现在是免费的。:)