在package.json中使用shx删除和复制文件

Question

我有两个npm项目，一个是盖茨比项目，称为web-project，另一个是快递项目，称为server-project。

这是项目的文件结构：

- projects
   - web-project
      - public
      - package.json
   - server-project
      - package.json
      - public

如果我在web-project/package.json中运行命令web-project/package.json，我希望为web项目生成构建文件，删除文件夹server-project/public中的内容，并将内容从web-project/public复制到server-project/public。

我尝试使用沙克斯，它是在本地安装在web-project中的，但是它不起作用。Gatsby生成构建文件，但shx不复制它们。

web-project/package.json

"scripts": {
    "build": "gatsby build && (shx find ../server-project/public -type f -delete && shx cp -R public/* ../server-project/public)"
    ...
  },

npm调试日志文件：

0 info it worked if it ends with ok
1 verbose cli [
1 verbose cli   '/usr/local/Cellar/node/12.1.0/bin/node',
1 verbose cli   '/usr/local/bin/npm',
1 verbose cli   'run',
1 verbose cli   'build'
1 verbose cli ]
2 info using npm@6.9.0
3 info using node@v12.1.0
4 verbose run-script [ 'prebuild', 'build', 'postbuild' ]
5 info lifecycle tau@1.0.0~prebuild: tau@1.0.0
6 info lifecycle tau@1.0.0~build: tau@1.0.0
7 verbose lifecycle tau@1.0.0~build: unsafe-perm in lifecycle true
8 verbose lifecycle tau@1.0.0~build: PATH: /usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/npm-lifecycle/node-gyp-bin:/Users/and/devel/tau/web-project/node_modules/.bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
9 verbose lifecycle tau@1.0.0~build: CWD: /Users/and/devel/tau/web-project
10 silly lifecycle tau@1.0.0~build: Args: [
10 silly lifecycle   '-c',
10 silly lifecycle   'gatsby build && (shx find ../server-project/public -type ' +
10 silly lifecycle     'f -delete && shx cp -R public/* ../server-project/public)'
10 silly lifecycle ]
11 silly lifecycle tau@1.0.0~build: Returned: code: 1  signal: null
12 info lifecycle tau@1.0.0~build: Failed to exec build script
13 verbose stack Error: tau@1.0.0 build: `gatsby build && (shx find ../server-project/public -type f -delete && shx cp -R public/* ../server-project/public)`
13 verbose stack Exit status 1
13 verbose stack     at EventEmitter.<anonymous> (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/npm-lifecycle/index.js:301:16)
13 verbose stack     at EventEmitter.emit (events.js:196:13)
13 verbose stack     at ChildProcess.<anonymous> (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/npm-lifecycle/lib/spawn.js:55:14)
13 verbose stack     at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:196:13)
13 verbose stack     at maybeClose (internal/child_process.js:1000:16)
13 verbose stack     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (internal/child_process.js:267:5)
14 verbose pkgid tau@1.0.0
15 verbose cwd /Users/and/devel/tau/web-project
16 verbose Darwin 18.7.0
17 verbose argv "/usr/local/Cellar/node/12.1.0/bin/node" "/usr/local/bin/npm" "run" "build"
18 verbose node v12.1.0
19 verbose npm  v6.9.0
20 error code ELIFECYCLE
21 error errno 1
22 error tau@1.0.0 build: `gatsby build && (shx find ../server-project/public -type f -delete && shx cp -R public/* ../server-project/public)`
22 error Exit status 1
23 error Failed at the tau@1.0.0 build script.
23 error This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.
24 verbose exit [ 1, true ]

我试图将build命令更改为只将文件从一个文件夹复制到另一个文件夹：

web-project/package.json

{
  "name": "tau",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "",
  "main": "index.js",
  "scripts": {
    "develop": "gatsby develop",
    "build": "shx cp -R public/* ../server-project/public",
    "serve": "gatsby serve",
    "start": "node server.js",
    "gh-pages": "gatsby build --prefix-paths && gh-pages -d public",
    "lint": "eslint src --fix",
    "dev": "(shx --silent rm -rf public .cache || shx true) && gatsby develop",
    "server": "cross-env NODE_ENV=development DEBUG=api nodemon server.js"
  },
  "author": "PI",
  "license": "MIT",
  "dependencies": {
    "@fortawesome/fontawesome-svg-core": "^1.2.25",
    "@fortawesome/free-brands-svg-icons": "^5.12.0",
    "@fortawesome/free-solid-svg-icons": "^5.11.2",
    "@fortawesome/react-fontawesome": "^0.1.7",
    "@kunukn/react-collapse": "1",
    "@material-ui/core": "^4.9.5",
    "@popperjs/core": "^2.3.3",
    "add": "^2.0.6",
    "axios": "^0.19.0",
    "basic-auth": "^2.0.1",
    "bootstrap": "4.2.1",
    "chart.js": "^2.9.3",
    "d3-node": "^2.2.1",
    "debug": "^4.1.1",
    "font-awesome": "4.7.0",
    "framer-motion": "^1.10.3",
    "gatsby": "^2.18.12",
    "gatsby-plugin-canonical-urls": "^2.3.0",
    "gatsby-plugin-dark-mode": "^1.1.0",
    "gatsby-source-prismic-graphql": "^3.5.0",
    "gatsby-transformer-remark": "^2.6.53",
    "lodash.get": "^4.4.2",
    "lodash.groupby": "^4.6.0",
    "lodash.pickby": "^4.6.0",
    "marked": "^0.8.0",
    "moment": "^2.24.0",
    "prismic-reactjs": "^1.3.1",
    "prop-types": "^15.7.2",
    "react-chartjs-2": "^2.8.0",
    "react-collapsible": "^2.6.3",
    "react-d3-components": "^0.9.1",
    "react-d3-library": "^1.1.8",
    "react-headroom": "^3.0.0",
    "react-helmet": "^5.2.0",
    "react-lazyload": "^2.6.5",
    "react-moment": "^0.9.6",
    "react-onclickout": "^2.0.8",
    "react-popper": "^2.2.3",
    "react-popper-tooltip": "^2.11.1",
    "react-responsive": "^8.0.1",
    "react-scroll-to": "^3.0.0-beta.3",
    "react-sidebar": "^3.0.2",
    "react-slick": "^0.25.2",
    "react-svg-donuts": "^1.0.0",
    "react-telegram-embed": "^0.0.10",
    "react-toastify": "^5.4.1",
    "react-twitter-embed": "^3.0.3",
    "react-window": "^1.8.5",
    "reactstrap": "^8.4.1",
    "slick-carousel": "^1.8.1",
    "underscore": "^1.9.1",
    "yarn": "^1.21.1"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@prototype-interactive/eslint-config": "^0.1.1",
    "autoprefixer": "^9.4.4",
    "dotenv": "^8.2.0",
    "eslint": "^5.12.0",
    "gatsby-plugin-google-analytics": "^2.3.0",
    "gatsby-plugin-postcss": "^2.0.2",
    "gatsby-plugin-postcss-sass": "^1.0.22",
    "gatsby-plugin-react-helmet": "^3.0.5",
    "gatsby-plugin-sass": "^2.0.7",
    "gatsby-source-filesystem": "^2.2.2",
    "gatsby-transformer-json": "^2.1.7",
    "gh-pages": "^2.0.1",
    "husky": "^1.3.1",
    "prettier": "^1.15.3",
    "pretty-quick": "^1.8.0",
    "react": "^16.7.0",
    "react-dom": "^16.7.0",
    "shx": "^0.3.2",
    "svg-sprite-loader": "^4.1.3"
  },
  "repository": {
    "type": "git",
    "url": "git+https://github.com/PI/gatsby-react-boilerplate.git"
  },
  "bugs": {
    "url": "https://github.com/PI/gatsby-react-boilerplate/issues"
  },
  "homepage": "https://github.com/PI/gatsby-react-boilerplate#readme"
}

npm调试日志文件：

0 info it worked if it ends with ok
1 verbose cli [
1 verbose cli   '/usr/local/Cellar/node/12.1.0/bin/node',
1 verbose cli   '/usr/local/bin/npm',
1 verbose cli   'run',
1 verbose cli   'build'
1 verbose cli ]
2 info using npm@6.9.0
3 info using node@v12.1.0
4 verbose run-script [ 'prebuild', 'build', 'postbuild' ]
5 info lifecycle tau@1.0.0~prebuild: tau@1.0.0
6 info lifecycle tau@1.0.0~build: tau@1.0.0
7 verbose lifecycle tau@1.0.0~build: unsafe-perm in lifecycle true
8 verbose lifecycle tau@1.0.0~build: PATH: /usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/npm-lifecycle/node-gyp-bin:/Users/and/devel/tau/web-project/node_modules/.bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
9 verbose lifecycle tau@1.0.0~build: CWD: /Users/and/devel/tau/web-project
10 silly lifecycle tau@1.0.0~build: Args: [ '-c', 'shx cp -R public/* ../web-project-project/public' ]
11 silly lifecycle tau@1.0.0~build: Returned: code: 1  signal: null
12 info lifecycle tau@1.0.0~build: Failed to exec build script
13 verbose stack Error: tau@1.0.0 build: `shx cp -R public/* ../web-project-project/public`
13 verbose stack Exit status 1
13 verbose stack     at EventEmitter.<anonymous> (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/npm-lifecycle/index.js:301:16)
13 verbose stack     at EventEmitter.emit (events.js:196:13)
13 verbose stack     at ChildProcess.<anonymous> (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/npm-lifecycle/lib/spawn.js:55:14)
13 verbose stack     at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:196:13)
13 verbose stack     at maybeClose (internal/child_process.js:1000:16)
13 verbose stack     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (internal/child_process.js:267:5)
14 verbose pkgid tau@1.0.0
15 verbose cwd /Users/and/devel/tau/web-project
16 verbose Darwin 18.7.0
17 verbose argv "/usr/local/Cellar/node/12.1.0/bin/node" "/usr/local/bin/npm" "run" "build"
18 verbose node v12.1.0
19 verbose npm  v6.9.0
20 error code ELIFECYCLE
21 error errno 1
22 error tau@1.0.0 build: `shx cp -R public/* ../web-project-project/public`
22 error Exit status 1
23 error Failed at the tau@1.0.0 build script.
23 error This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.
24 verbose exit [ 1, true ]

Answer 1

本部分存在的主要问题是：

shx find ../server-project/public -type f -delete

-type f标志在shx中不受支持(参见第177期)。据推测，也不支持-delete标志。

考虑用执行以下操作的node.js脚本替换该部分：

1. 使用贝壳类 find方法。
2. 使用forEach()迭代找到的路径名数组。
3. 在forEach回调的主体中，检查它是否是一个文件并相应地删除。

例如，将它完全放入一个名为build的npm脚本中。

"scripts": {
  ...
  "build": "gatsby build && node -e \"var sh = require('shelljs'), fs = require('fs'); sh.find('../server-project/public').forEach(function (file) { if (!fs.statSync(file).isDirectory()) { sh.rm(file); }});\" && shx cp -R \"public\" \"../server-project/public\""
  ...
}

备注：

1. 您试图在OP中使用find ../server-project/public -type f -delete，这意味着您的意图是从../server-project/public (n层深度)中删除所有文件(仅限于)--但不要删除../server-project/public中的任何文件夹(同样是n层深度)。上述示例中的node -e \"...\"命令就是这样复制的。
2. nodejs命令行选项-e用于计算内联Javascript，实质上是： sh.find('../server-project/public').forEach(function (file) { if (!fs.statSync(file).isDirectory()) { sh.rm(file)；}；

- As you can see, a combination of the [Logical NOT (`!`)](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Logical_Operators) operator, the [`fs.statSync`](https://nodejs.org/api/fs.html#fs_fs_statsync_path_options) method and [`isDirectory()`](https://nodejs.org/api/fs.html#fs_stats_isdirectory) are utilized to ascertain whether the pathname is a file and not a directory/folder.
- The file is deleted using the shelljs [`rm`](https://documentup.com/shelljs/shelljs#rmoptions-file--file-) method.

​

1. 最后一个*命令中的globstar ( shx cp -R ... )和包含复合命令的圆括号(...)都被省略了。

Answer 2

您可以从shx cp -R public/* ../server-project/public中删除通配符，因为递归标志将获取源目录中的所有内容。这应该会让你得到你想要的-

shx cp -R public ../server-project/public

Answer 3

看起来您已经在构建系统中使用find了。我利用tar并在我维护的一些构建系统中找到了大量的内容，这对我来说很好。tar很好地处理了各种各样的边缘情况，因为它最初是作为备份实用程序编写的。

在tar中，-是表示stdin或stdout的文件名，-T指定要备份的文件列表，-C指定其工作目录。这可以让你用管道把一堆东西粘合在一起，还可以把一些很酷的东西粘起来。例如,

(cd /path/to/src/files && find . -type f -name) \
| tar -T - -cf - \
| tar -C /path/to/dest -xvf -

• 子subshell允许我在不影响其他命令的情况下查找目录。
• find在stdout上生成一个文件列表。
• 第一个tar读取要在stdin上存档的文件列表。
• 第一个tar在stdout上生成存档。
• 第二个tar将目录更改为/path/ to /dest
• 然后在stdin上提取存档文件。
• 和'v‘打印的文件列表，它是提取的，而它这样做。

这将为您保留所有权、组成员资格、权限、符号链接、目录结构、整个九码。即使是带有空格的文件名也不会搞砸它。:)