如何确定一个dict中的哪个键有一个子dict？

Question

给定一个uuid，我希望找到并返回包含uuid及其关联数据的dict。我写了一个测试来描述预期的结果。

def test_search_for_cat():
    cat_id = "a2c23d62-9d06-44f4-92dc-b28875173a54"
    cat_data = {
        "senior-developer": {
            "name": "senior-developer",
            "displayName": "Senior Developer",
            "uuid": "418714f8-b3bd-4ba5-b4a7-4f87717419f4",
            "mid-level-developer": {
                "name": "mid-level-developer",
                "displayName": "Mid-level Developer",
                "uuid": "a2c23d62-9d06-44f4-92dc-b28875173a54",
            },
        }
    }

    retreived_cat = search_for_cat(cat_id, cat_data)

    assert retreived_cat == {
        "name": "mid-level-developer",
        "displayName": "Mid-level Developer",
        "uuid": "a2c23d62-9d06-44f4-92dc-b28875173a54",
    }

我已经开始编写一个函数来搜索正确的类别。

def search_for_cat(cat_id, cat_data):
    if isinstance(cat_data, dict):
        for slug, data in cat_data.items():
            if data["uuid"] == cat_id:
                return data

但我在为递归部分而挣扎。当uuid与给定的cat_id不匹配时，如何找到带有dict的键以传递给递归函数？

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Answer 1

你可以试试这个。如果对象是dict，isinstance(object,dict)返回True。我们必须找到将cat_id作为映射到键的值的字典。首先，检查给定的字典是否使用cat_id作为值，是否使用dict.values()。如果不是，则迭代值，如果值是字典，则再次重复上述过程。如果cat_id在其中，那么返回我们正在迭代的当前字典。

In [90]: cat_data
Out[90]:
{'senior-developer': {'name': 'senior-developer',
  'displayName': 'Senior Developer',
  'uuid': '418714f8-b3bd-4ba5-b4a7-4f87717419f4',
  'mid-level-developer': {'name': 'mid-level-developer',
   'displayName': 'Mid-level Developer',
   'uuid': 'a2c23d62-9d06-44f4-92dc-b28875173a54'}}}

In [91]: cat_id = "a2c23d62-9d06-44f4-92dc-b28875173a54"

In [94]: def recur(_dict,val):
    ...:     if val in _dict.values():
    ...:         return _dict
    ...:     else:
    ...:         for v in _dict.values():
    ...:             if isinstance(v,dict):
    ...:                 return recur(v,val)

In [95]: recur(cat_data,cat_id)
Out[95]:
{'name': 'mid-level-developer',
 'displayName': 'Mid-level Developer',
 'uuid': 'a2c23d62-9d06-44f4-92dc-b28875173a54'}

In [96]: retrived_cat=recur(cat_data,cat_id)

In [97]: retrived_cat
Out[97]:
{'name': 'mid-level-developer',
 'displayName': 'Mid-level Developer',
 'uuid': 'a2c23d62-9d06-44f4-92dc-b28875173a54'}

Answer 2

isinstance(myObject,dict)。

例如：

isinstance({},dict)

返回true

isinstance([],dict)

返回假

Answer 3

if is_instance(slug, _dict):
    search_for_cat_id(cat_id, _dict[slug])

只需在返回语句下面添加以下内容