使用SpringBoot2.2错误“ID为'junit-vintage‘的TestEngine未能发现测试”

Question

我有一个使用Spring和Junit 5的简单应用程序：

• 当使用Spring 2.1 (例如，2.1.8或2.1.12)时，我的单元测试运行平稳
• 当使用SpringBoot2.2(例如，2.2.2.RELEASE或2.3.2.RELEASE)时，我的单元测试失败并出现错误消息

[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) on project XXX: There are test failures.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] Please refer to D:\Projets\workspace\XXX\target\surefire-reports for the individual test results.
[ERROR] Please refer to dump files (if any exist) [date].dump, [date]-jvmRun[N].dump and [date].dumpstream.
[ERROR] There was an error in the forked process
[ERROR] TestEngine with ID 'junit-vintage' failed to discover tests
[ERROR] org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireBooterForkException: There was an error in the forked process
[ERROR] TestEngine with ID 'junit-vintage' failed to discover tests
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.booterclient.ForkStarter.fork(ForkStarter.java:656)

我使用的是Maven 3.6.1、JDK1.8、JUnit 5.6.0和JUnit平台1.6.0。我从junit:junit中排除了对spring-boot-starter-test的依赖，这样在依赖树中就没有JUnit 4工件了。请注意，SpringBoot2.2和2.3都使用了maven-surefire-plugin 2.22.2，所以我的问题并不源于maven-surefire-plugin的任何回归。

为了让我的单元测试工作，我应该坚持使用Spring 2.1吗？

提前谢谢你的帮助。

Answer 1

我发现了错误。对spring-boot-starter-test的依赖带来了对junit-vintage-engine的依赖。必须将后者排除在外：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>

Answer 2

显式地添加以下依赖项以升级junit-vintage-engine解决了这个问题：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Answer 3

最好的选择是在启用调试的情况下运行Maven测试：

例如mvn clean test -X。它将显示出确切的失败原因。

在我的例子中，我试图运行一些Spock测试，但是找不到所需的Groovy依赖项(请参阅下面的堆栈跟踪)。当我显式地添加Groovy依赖项时，就解决了这个问题。

TestEngine with ID 'spock' failed to discover tests
org.junit.platform.commons.JUnitException: TestEngine with ID 'spock' failed to discover tests
        at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineDiscoveryOrchestrator.discoverEngineRoot(EngineDiscoveryOrchestrator.java:111)
        at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineDiscoveryOrchestrator.discover(EngineDiscoveryOrchestrator.java:85)
        at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.discover(DefaultLauncher.java:92)
        at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.discover(DefaultLauncher.java:67)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.junitplatform.TestPlanScannerFilter.accept(TestPlanScannerFilter.java:56)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.api.util.DefaultScanResult.applyFilter(DefaultScanResult.java:102)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformProvider.scanClasspath(JUnitPlatformProvider.java:147)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformProvider.invoke(JUnitPlatformProvider.java:128)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:428)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.execute(ForkedBooter.java:162)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.run(ForkedBooter.java:562)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:548)
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: groovy/xml/MarkupBuilder
        at java.base/java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
...