Nashorn对Spring Native的支持/替代

Question

在我的公司里，我们在Java 11中使用了Nashorn，spring-boot运行良好，但我们最近决定将spring-native与docker结合使用。我们最终构建了镜像，但在启动时，项目崩溃了，因为不支持Nashorn (And will probably be never supported by graalVM)。

Here is the error I get when tring to run the native image

​

我们不能轻松地从Nashorn迁移到GraalVM.js，而且最后期限很短，所以这对我们来说不是一个解决方案。

我在这里问你是否已经有了这个问题，以及你是如何克服它的。我已经尝试将ScriptEngine从'nashorn‘更改为'js’(在我的项目中可用)，但在运行时也失败了。我们基本上需要一个不使用'invokedynamic‘来计算js代码的引擎。

另一种解决方案是:将Nashorn部分导出为外部微服务。但我们倾向于避免使用这种解决方案，因为当前的实现正在工作，而且它会增加一些安全问题，以确保通信的安全。只有当我们用完解决方案^^时，我们才会考虑它。

下面是有问题的代码：

Engine.java

public class Engine {
    public Engine() { 
        ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
        engine = manager.getEngineByName("nashorn");
    }
} 

pom.xml

<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.2</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.test</groupId>
    <artifactId>testtest</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>...</name>
    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
        <java.version>11</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-json</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
                    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.opencsv</groupId>
            <artifactId>opencsv</artifactId>
            <version>4.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.google.code.gson/gson -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
            <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mongodb/mongo-java-driver -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
            <artifactId>mongo-java-driver</artifactId>
            <version>3.12.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.java.dev.jna/jna -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.java.dev.jna</groupId>
            <artifactId>jna</artifactId>
            <version>5.6.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
            <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
            <version>30.0-jre</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.konghq</groupId>
            <artifactId>unirest-java</artifactId>
            <version>3.11.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.konghq</groupId>
            <artifactId>unirest-object-mappers-gson</artifactId>
            <version>3.11.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.20</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.experimental</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-native</artifactId>
            <version>0.10.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <!-- Disable maven resources filtering for bin library files and p12 certificates  -->
                    <nonFilteredFileExtensions>
                        <nonFilteredFileExtension>p12</nonFilteredFileExtension>
                        <nonFilteredFileExtension>dylib</nonFilteredFileExtension>
                        <nonFilteredFileExtension>dll</nonFilteredFileExtension>
                    </nonFilteredFileExtensions>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
<!--                 Build an executable JAR-->
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <archive>
                        <manifest>
                            <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                            <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
                            <mainClass>com.test.testtest.Main</mainClass>
                        </manifest>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <archive>
                        <manifest>
                            <mainClass>com.test.testtest.Main</mainClass>
                        </manifest>
                    </archive>
                    <descriptorRefs>
                        <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
                    </descriptorRefs>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.0-M1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <argLine>-Dnashorn.args=--language=es6</argLine>
                </configuration>
                <dependencies>
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
                        <artifactId>junit-platform-surefire-provider</artifactId>
                        <version>1.3.2</version>
                    </dependency>
                </dependencies>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <image>
                        <builder>paketobuildpacks/builder:tiny</builder>
                        <env>
                            <BP_NATIVE_IMAGE>true</BP_NATIVE_IMAGE>
                        </env>
                    </image>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                    <systemPropertyVariables>
                        <env>local</env>
                    </systemPropertyVariables>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.experimental</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-aot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>0.10.1</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>test-generate</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>test-generate</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                    <execution>
                        <id>generate</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>generate</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-release</id>
            <name>Spring release</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/release</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>


    <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>spring-release</id>
            <name>Spring release</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/release</url>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>
</project>

Answer 1

第1部分.从Nashorn迁移到GraalVM.js是标准主题，文档https://www.graalvm.org/reference-manual/js/NashornMigrationGuide/中对此进行了介绍

最有可能的是没有其他选择(至少是由Oracle开发的)

第2部分: Spring Native (仍处于实验阶段)正在使用GraalVM的native-image编译器构建Spring应用程序，以生成本机映像。这个项目的重点是Spring项目和js支持将超出范围，您将需要再次遵循Oracle的工作。

在这个native-image构建过程中，像GraalVM.js这样的引擎(也就是graalVM组件)必须包含在生成的应用程序中，而且它可能不是微不足道的。

生活建议:如果你真的面临最后期限，如果你想保证交付，就考虑使用旧的技术。在Nashorn仍然存在的地方，在JDK15之前使用JDK。