使用maven依赖项执行jar文件时出错。java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/opengis/feature/type/Name

Question

我正在将我的java应用程序导出到一个JAR文件中，但是当我试图执行它时，总是会得到相同的错误。

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/opengis/feature/type/Name

显然，存在一些问题，包括opengis依赖关系。

我使用树荫插件和mvn package命令来生成JAR文件。

这里我包括了我的pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>org.geotools</groupId>
  <artifactId>DataEngine</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <name>DataEngine</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <geotools.version>23-SNAPSHOT</geotools.version>  
    <start-class>exe.Main</start-class>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.11</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.geotools</groupId>
        <artifactId>gt-shapefile</artifactId>
        <version>${geotools.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.geotools</groupId>
        <artifactId>gt-swing</artifactId>
        <version>${geotools.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
       <groupId>org.geotools</groupId>
       <artifactId>gt-epsg-hsql</artifactId>
       <version>${geotools.version}</version>
    </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.geotools</groupId>
           <artifactId>gt-geotiff</artifactId>
           <version>${geotools.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.geotools</groupId>
           <artifactId>gt-image</artifactId>
           <version>${geotools.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.geotools</groupId>
           <artifactId>gt-wms</artifactId>
           <version>${geotools.version}</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
            <artifactId>spark-graphx_2.12</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
            <artifactId>spark-hive_2.12</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.4</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
            <artifactId>spark-sql_2.12</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hive</groupId>
            <artifactId>hive-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hive</groupId>
            <artifactId>hive-service</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.0.17</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.opengis</groupId>
        <artifactId>geoapi</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.1</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

 <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>maven2-repository.dev.java.net</id>
            <name>Java.net repository</name>
            <url>http://download.java.net/maven/2</url>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>osgeo</id>
            <name>Open Source Geospatial Foundation Repository</name>
            <url>http://download.osgeo.org/webdav/geotools/</url>
        </repository>
        <repository>
          <snapshots>
            <enabled>true</enabled>
          </snapshots>
          <id>boundless</id>
          <name>Boundless Maven Repository</name>
          <url>http://repo.boundlessgeo.com/main</url>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>spark graphx</id>
            <name>spark graphx</name>
            <url>https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.spark/spark-graphx</url>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>spark hive</id>
            <name>spark hive</name>
            <url>https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.spark/spark-hive</url>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>spark sql</id>
            <name>spark sql</name>
            <url>https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.spark/spark-sql</url>
        </repository>
         <repository>
            <id>jdbc hive</id>
            <name>jdbc hive</name>
            <url>https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.hive/hive-jdbc</url>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>hive service</id>
            <name>hive service</name>
            <url>https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.hive/hive-service</url>
        </repository>
         <repository>
            <id>mysql driver</id>
            <name>mysql driver</name>
            <url>https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java</url>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>commons-loggin</id>
            <name>commons-loggin</name>
            <url>https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging</url>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>opengis</id>
            <name>opengis</name>
            <url>https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.opengis/geoapi</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

  <build>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <!-- clean lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#clean_Lifecycle -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- default lifecycle, jar packaging: see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_jar_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.6</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- site lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#site_Lifecycle -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.7.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.0</version>
        </plugin>

 <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <archive>
                        <manifest>
                            <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                            <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
                            <mainClass>exe.Main</mainClass>
                        </manifest>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>copy-dependencies</id>
                        <phase>prepare-package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>
                            <overWriteReleases>false</overWriteReleases>
                            <overWriteSnapshots>false</overWriteSnapshots>
                            <overWriteIfNewer>true</overWriteIfNewer>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>      

    <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.3</version>
        <executions>
            <execution>
                <phase>package</phase>
                <goals>
                    <goal>shade</goal>
                </goals>
                <configuration>
                    <artifactSet>
                        <includes>
                            <include>junit:junit</include>
                            <include>org.geotools:gt-shapefile</include>
                            <include>org.geotools:gt-swing</include>
                            <include>org.geotools:gt-epsg-hsql</include>
                            <include>org.geotools:gt-geotiff</include>
                            <include>org.geotools:gt-image</include>
                            <include>org.geotools:gt-wms</include>
                            <include>org.apache.spark:spark-graphx_2.12</include>
                            <include>org.apache.spark:spark-hive_2.12</include>
                            <include>org.apache.spark:spark-sql_2.12</include>
                            <include>org.apache.hive:hive-jdbc</include>
                            <include>org.apache.hive:hive-service</include>
                            <include>mysql:mysql-connector-java</include>
                            <include>commons-logging:commons-logging</include>
                            <include>org.opengis:geoapi</include>
                        </includes>
                    </artifactSet>
                    <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                            <mainClass>exe.Main</mainClass>
                        </transformer>
                </configuration>
            </execution>
        </executions>
    </plugin>

      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

在这里，我得到了完整的错误跟踪：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/opengis/feature/type/Name
    at exe.Main.initialize(Main.java:119)
    at exe.Main.main(Main.java:86)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.opengis.feature.type.Name
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:382)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:349)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
    ... 2 more

我非常感谢你的任何帮助/建议。我在这一点上已经堆了很长时间了，但仍然没有得到任何解决方案。

Answer 1

您应该避免使用maven程序集插件，因为它将来会导致问题。GeoTools模块通常在其META/services目录中定义一个或多个文件，其名称与其他模块中定义的文件相同。程序集插件只是在彼此的顶部复制同名文件，而不是合并它们的内容。

好消息是，可以使用Maven遮阳插件，它将正确地合并应用程序使用的每个GeoTools模块中的META/services文件。

见有关更多细节的常见问题。

最后，请使用稳定的版本，除非您正在显式地测试我们的发布候选版本(例如22-RC，在22.0版本上变得无用)。

Answer 2

我添加了这个程序集插件：

<plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <descriptorRefs>
            <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
          </descriptorRefs>
          <archive>
            <manifest>
              <mainClass>exe.Main</mainClass>
            </manifest>
          </archive>
        </configuration>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>make-assembly</id> 
            <phase>package</phase> 
            <goals>
              <goal>single</goal>
            </goals>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>

但还是不起作用

**已解决：**我只需将<sourceDirectory>src/com/foobar</sourceDirectory>添加到<build>并执行mvn clean compile assembly:single命令。

Answer 3

如果您想将整个应用程序构建到一个jar中，还有另一个插件：http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/

Maven程序集还支持各种类型的打包。如果找不到解决当前问题的方法，可以考虑使用此方法。