在函数之间传递两个变量

Question

编辑我制造了巨大的混乱！我真的很抱歉！问题不是关于最后的2打印声明。这些都是在我没有主意的时候加进去的。整个问题是关于将title和final_price从check_price传递到send_email，并在身体和主题中使用它们。

我刚撞到砖墙，不知道在这里找答案。根据YT的一些指南，我尝试创建了网络刮刀。然而，由于我缺乏知识和经验，我在这个问题上一直停留在如何将2变量title和final_price从函数check_price()传递到函数send_mail()上。

如果我尝试用纯文本发送没有这些变量的电子邮件，一切都会正常工作。

import os
import smtplib
import requests
from email.message import EmailMessage
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

EMAIL_ADDRESS = os.environ.get('GMAIL_USER')
EMAIL_PASSWORD = os.environ.get('GMAIL_PASSWORD')

URL_AMZ = 'https://www.amazon.de/Logitech-kabelgebundene-fortschrittlicher-Muskelbelastung-fortschrittliche/dp/B07FNHV4MW/ref=sr_1_3?__mk_de_DE=%C3%85M%C3%85%C5%BD%C3%95%C3%91&crid=26227QRRLWQHF&keywords=logitech+mx+vertical&qid=1571861245&sprefix=logitech+mx+%2Caps%2C342&sr=8-3'
# URL_MBNK = 'https://www.mbank.pl/serwis-ekonomiczny/kursy-walut/'
URL_GGL ='https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GCEU_plPL839PL839&sxsrf=ACYBGNSHqUQOq6lZRXHyeKLPAd0peUegqg%3A1571862894642&ei=brmwXevuJuaFk74P1Mi12A8&q=euro&oq=euro&gs_l=psy-ab.3..0i71l8.0.0..1236884...0.2..0.0.0.......0......gws-wiz.D2K7kmd_GB8&ved=0ahUKEwjr3eHLnbPlAhXmwsQBHVRkDfsQ4dUDCAs&uact=5'


headers = {"User-Agent":'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.120 Safari/537.36'}

def check_price():
    # global title
    # global final_price
    page_amaz = requests.get(URL_AMZ, headers=headers)
    # page_mbnk = requests.get(URL_MBNK, headers=headers)
    page_ggl = requests.get(URL_GGL, headers=headers)

    soup_amaz = BeautifulSoup(page_amaz.content, 'html.parser')
    # soup_mbnk = BeautifulSoup(page_mbnk.content, 'html.parser')
    soup_ggl = BeautifulSoup(page_ggl.content, 'html.parser')


    title = soup_amaz.find(id='productTitle').get_text()
    price = soup_amaz.find(id='priceblock_ourprice').get_text()
    converted_price = float(price[0:-2].replace(',','.'))

    # convert_ratio = soup_mbnk.find(id="currencies").get_text()
    convert_ratio_ggl = soup_ggl.find('div','dDoNo vk_bk').get_text()
    clean_convert_ratio = float(convert_ratio_ggl[0:4].replace(',','.'))

    final_price = converted_price * clean_convert_ratio 

    if(final_price > 200):
        send_email()

    return title, final_price

def send_email():
    title, final_price = check_price()
    msg = EmailMessage()
    msg['Subject'] = f'Zmiana ceny produktu {title}' #% (title)
    msg['From'] = EMAIL_ADDRESS
    msg['To'] = 'I know it's bit to late... but here was my email'
    msg.set_content(f'Cena {final_price} -- Link:{URL_AMZ}') # % (final_price  ,URL_AMZ))

    with smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.gmail.com', 465) as smtp:
        smtp.login(EMAIL_ADDRESS , EMAIL_PASSWORD)
        smtp.send_message(msg)
        print("Mail Wysłany")
#print(title)
#print(final_price)

编辑问题解决了。我感谢所有的帮助。

以下是固定和清洁的代码。

import requests
import smtplib
import os
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from email.message import EmailMessage

EMAIL_ADDRESS = os.environ.get('GMAIL_USER')
EMAIL_PASSWORD = os.environ.get('GMAIL_PASSWORD')

URL_AMZ = 'https://www.amazon.de/Logitech-kabelgebundene-fortschrittlicher-Muskelbelastung-fortschrittliche/dp/B07FNHV4MW/ref=sr_1_3?__mk_de_DE=%C3%85M%C3%85%C5%BD%C3%95%C3%91&crid=26227QRRLWQHF&keywords=logitech+mx+vertical&qid=1571861245&sprefix=logitech+mx+%2Caps%2C342&sr=8-3'
URL_GGL ='https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GCEU_plPL839PL839&sxsrf=ACYBGNSHqUQOq6lZRXHyeKLPAd0peUegqg%3A1571862894642&ei=brmwXevuJuaFk74P1Mi12A8&q=euro&oq=euro&gs_l=psy-ab.3..0i71l8.0.0..1236884...0.2..0.0.0.......0......gws-wiz.D2K7kmd_GB8&ved=0ahUKEwjr3eHLnbPlAhXmwsQBHVRkDfsQ4dUDCAs&uact=5'


headers = {"User-Agent":'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.120 Safari/537.36'}

def check_price():

    page_amaz = requests.get(URL_AMZ, headers=headers)
    page_ggl = requests.get(URL_GGL, headers=headers)

    soup_amaz = BeautifulSoup(page_amaz.content, 'html.parser')
    soup_ggl = BeautifulSoup(page_ggl.content, 'html.parser')

    title = soup_amaz.find(id='productTitle').get_text()
    final_title = title.strip() # variable title contain monstrocity that contained 5 8x \r\n above and belowe title.
    price = soup_amaz.find(id='priceblock_ourprice').get_text()
    converted_price = float(price[0:-2].replace(',', '.'))

    convert_ratio_ggl = soup_ggl.find('div','dDoNo vk_bk').get_text()
    clean_convert_ratio = float(convert_ratio_ggl[0:4].replace(',','.'))

    final_price = converted_price * clean_convert_ratio

    if final_price > 200:
        send_email(final_title, final_price)
   

def send_email(final_title, final_price):
    msg = EmailMessage()
    msg['Subject'] = f'Zmiana ceny produktu {final_title}'
    msg['From'] = EMAIL_ADDRESS
    msg['To'] = 'EMAIL_ADDRESS'

    msg.set_content(f'Cena {final_price} -- Link:{URL_AMZ}') 

    with smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.gmail.com', 465) as smtp:
        smtp.login(EMAIL_ADDRESS , EMAIL_PASSWORD)
        smtp.send_message(msg)
        print("Mail Wysłany")
check_price()

稍后，我碰到了Send_email()生成由变量title引起的ValueError: Header values may not contain linefeed or carriage return characters错误(它不是从上面和下面的所有空行中分割的)。

再一次向大家表示感谢。

Answer 1

我相信你获得变量title和final_price的方法很好，它应该能工作。

但是，最后两个输出不应该工作，因为它们位于send_email()函数之外，因此title和final_price是未知的。你试过把打印放到函数中并调用它吗？

更新：

我现在看到了错误，您在check_price()中调用了check_price()，在send_email()中调用了check_price()，这会导致一个永无止境的循环。

要解决这个问题，如果要调用的函数是check_price()，可以让send_email()接受两个参数，并在调用它们时传递它们。因此，在check_price()中，您可以这样做：

...
if(final_price > 200):
   send_email(title,final_price)
...

然后send_email将如下所示：

def send_email(title,final_price):
   msg = EmailMessage()
   ...

更新2：

您还在单引号字符串中使用撇号：

'I know it's bit to late... but here was my email'

你应该这样做：

"I know it's bit to late... but here was my email"

Answer 2

您的错误是由于您的打印语句超出了您的功能。两种解决方案。

备选案文1

title, final_price = check_price() 
print(title) 
print(final_price)

选项2

或者直接在你的邮件功能里面。

def send_email(): 
    title, final_price = check_price() 
    msg = EmailMessage() 
    msg['Subject'] = f'Zmiana ceny produktu {title}' #% (title) 
    msg['From'] = EMAIL_ADDRESS 
    msg['To'] = EMAIL_ADDRESS  
    msg.set_content(f'Cena {final_price} -- Link:{URL_AMZ}') # % (final_price ,URL_AMZ)) 
    with smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.gmail.com', 465) as smtp: 
         smtp.login(EMAIL_ADDRESS , EMAIL_PASSWORD) 
         smtp.send_message(msg) print("Mail Wysłany")
    print(title) 
    print(final_price) 

错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/mnt/c/_KOD_/github/Web-Scraper/Scraper.py", line 58, in <module>
    print(title)
NameError: name 'title' is not defined

Answer 3

要将变量传递到函数中，在定义函数时，需要在括号中定义它们。

def functionName(variable1, variable2)

然后使用它们时，将值传递到函数中。

send_email(title, price)

在您从上一个函数获得这些值之后，可以使用：

title, price = check_price()