无法在python绘图中使用latex - RuntimeError: LaTeX无法处理以下字符串:B‘’lp‘

Question

我想用胶乳作为图形的标签，但是我得到了错误。

RuntimeError: LaTeX无法处理以下字符串:B‘’lp‘

下面是LaTeX生成的完整报告：

就这样了(我没看到任何报告)

编辑:这是我获得的全部错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_qt5agg.py", line 197, in __draw_idle_agg
    FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_agg.py", line 464, in draw
    self.figure.draw(self.renderer)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py", line 63, in draw_wrapper
    draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py", line 1144, in draw
    renderer, self, dsu, self.suppressComposite)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\image.py", line 139, in _draw_list_compositing_images
    a.draw(renderer)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py", line 63, in draw_wrapper
    draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes\_base.py", line 2426, in draw
    mimage._draw_list_compositing_images(renderer, self, dsu)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\image.py", line 139, in _draw_list_compositing_images
    a.draw(renderer)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py", line 63, in draw_wrapper
    draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 1138, in draw
    renderer)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 1078, in _get_tick_bboxes
    extent = tick.label1.get_window_extent(renderer)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\text.py", line 967, in get_window_extent
    bbox, info, descent = self._get_layout(self._renderer)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\text.py", line 353, in _get_layout
    ismath=False)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_agg.py", line 230, in get_text_width_height_descent
    renderer=self)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 676, in get_text_width_height_descent
    dvifile = self.make_dvi(tex, fontsize)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 423, in make_dvi
    report))
RuntimeError: LaTeX was not able to process the following string:
b'lp'
Here is the full report generated by LaTeX: 

这是我的代码：

import numpy as np
from matplotlib import rc
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.close('all')

rc('text', usetex = True)

mu = np.linspace(0,10,100)
eta = mu**2

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot(mu,eta,label= r'$\eta (\mu)$')
ax.set_title('Test')
ax.legend()

• 我安装了MiKTeX，并根据https://docs.alfresco.com/4.2/tasks/fot-addpath.html将它添加到环境变量中。
• 我检查了MiKTeX的包，在其中我在"\MiKTeX“类别中找到了"miktex-dvipng-bin-x64-2.9”。我推断出我有。
• 我下载了Ghostcript，并将其添加到环境变量中。
• 我试着用texworks编译一个乳胶脚本为pdf，它工作得很好，根据我推断的latex是正确安装的。
• 从https://matplotlib.org/1.4.1/users/usetex.html，这是我应该需要的.
• 我尝试删除我的. .matplotlib/tex.cache目录
• 我试着写

import matplotlib as mpl
mpl.rcParams['text.usetex']=True

而不是

from matplotlib import rc
rc('text', usetex = True)

但也产生了同样的结果。

• 游动

rc('text', usetex = True)

至

rc('text', usetex = False)

防止了错误，但是我的标签不是用乳胶写的.

在谷歌上搜索了很多之后，我的想法太少了。有人能帮帮我吗？

我的配置是：

• Python3.6(我用spyder运行代码)
• MiKTeX 2.9
• 鬼脚本9.50
• Windows 10
• 编辑: matplotlib 2.0.2

编辑:升级到matplotlib 3.1.1，我得到以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 304, in _run_checked_subprocess
    stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\subprocess.py", line 336, in check_output
    **kwargs).stdout
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\subprocess.py", line 403, in run
    with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as process:
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\spyder\utils\site\sitecustomize.py", line 209, in __init__
    super(SubprocessPopen, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\subprocess.py", line 707, in __init__
    restore_signals, start_new_session)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\subprocess.py", line 992, in _execute_child
    startupinfo)
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] Le fichier spécifié est introuvable

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_qt5.py", line 505, in _draw_idle
    self.draw()
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_agg.py", line 388, in draw
    self.figure.draw(self.renderer)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py", line 38, in draw_wrapper
    return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py", line 1709, in draw
    renderer, self, artists, self.suppressComposite)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\image.py", line 135, in _draw_list_compositing_images
    a.draw(renderer)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py", line 38, in draw_wrapper
    return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes\_base.py", line 2607, in draw
    self._update_title_position(renderer)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes\_base.py", line 2556, in _update_title_position
    if title.get_window_extent(renderer).ymin < top:
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\text.py", line 890, in get_window_extent
    bbox, info, descent = self._get_layout(self._renderer)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\text.py", line 291, in _get_layout
    ismath="TeX" if self.get_usetex() else False)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_agg.py", line 201, in get_text_width_height_descent
    s, fontsize, renderer=self)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 448, in get_text_width_height_descent
    dvifile = self.make_dvi(tex, fontsize)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 338, in make_dvi
    texfile], tex)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 308, in _run_checked_subprocess
    'found'.format(command[0])) from exc
RuntimeError: Failed to process string with tex because latex could not be found
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 304, in _run_checked_subprocess
    stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\subprocess.py", line 336, in check_output
    **kwargs).stdout
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\subprocess.py", line 403, in run
    with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as process:
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\spyder\utils\site\sitecustomize.py", line 209, in __init__
    super(SubprocessPopen, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\subprocess.py", line 707, in __init__
    restore_signals, start_new_session)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\subprocess.py", line 992, in _execute_child
    startupinfo)
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] Le fichier spécifié est introuvable

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_qt5.py", line 505, in _draw_idle
    self.draw()
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_agg.py", line 388, in draw
    self.figure.draw(self.renderer)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py", line 38, in draw_wrapper
    return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py", line 1709, in draw
    renderer, self, artists, self.suppressComposite)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\image.py", line 135, in _draw_list_compositing_images
    a.draw(renderer)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py", line 38, in draw_wrapper
    return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes\_base.py", line 2607, in draw
    self._update_title_position(renderer)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes\_base.py", line 2556, in _update_title_position
    if title.get_window_extent(renderer).ymin < top:
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\text.py", line 890, in get_window_extent
    bbox, info, descent = self._get_layout(self._renderer)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\text.py", line 291, in _get_layout
    ismath="TeX" if self.get_usetex() else False)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_agg.py", line 201, in get_text_width_height_descent
    s, fontsize, renderer=self)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 448, in get_text_width_height_descent
    dvifile = self.make_dvi(tex, fontsize)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 338, in make_dvi
    texfile], tex)
  File "C:\Users\Vincent\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 308, in _run_checked_subprocess
    'found'.format(command[0])) from exc
RuntimeError: Failed to process string with tex because latex could not be found

Answer 1

这是我第五次重新安装和安装MikTeX，这次我的问题解决了。在运行python脚本时，三个窗口相继打开，要求安装包。我把这三个窗口的截图附在这个答案上。在接受安装这些软件包后，我的脚本工作得很好。以前，当我打开和重新安装MikTeX时，我已经看到窗口要求安装并接受了安装。我不知道为什么这一次起作用了，而以前不起作用了.无论如何，我的问题解决了卸载和重新安装MiKTeX，运行我的脚本和接受包。

用于从type1cm安装文件的窗口。

用于从iftex安装文件的窗口。

窗口，用于安装来自zh量度的文件。