获取错误：“web.xml绝对排序标记上的错误片段名”

Question

我正在将应用程序转换为Maven，并更新到Tomcat 9、OpenJDK-11、JSF2.3和PrimeFaces 7.0。前两部分成功地完成了，但是我在更新JSF时遇到了麻烦。一个障碍是通过在OpenJDK 11中导入CDI支持来调整JSF删除托管bean，我认为我已经包含了所有正确的库，并进行了适当的注释更改。现在的问题是，我得到了以下错误：

WARNING: Used a wrong fragment name [acme_common] at web.xml absolute-ordering tag!

然后，为ApplicationContextListener提供一个ApplicationContextListener异常。

设置是我有一个主应用程序项目，我们称之为acme-main，以及一个包含所有第三方库、框架等的公共项目acme-common。主项目acme-main有一个类似于这样的web.xml：

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
   xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
   version="3.0">

  <absolute-ordering>
    <name>acme_common</name>
  </absolute-ordering>

  <listener>
    <listener-class>com.acme.application.app.MainApplicationContextListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.jsf</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>    
</web-app>

然后，公共项目将所有框架过滤器、servlet等都放在web-片段. all中：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-fragment 
    metadata-complete="true" version="3.0"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-fragment_3_0.xsd">

    <name>acme_common</name>

    <!-- Various App Filters -->

    <!-- Various App Servlets -->

    <!-- Various App Listeners -->

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- Various Context Parameters -->
</web-fragment>

这是控制台的输出，稍微修剪了一下：

Dec 02, 2019 10:03:50 AM org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin
WARNING: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:acme-main' did not find a matching property.
...
Dec 02, 2019 10:03:50 AM org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener lifecycleEvent
INFO: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: ...
Dec 02, 2019 10:03:50 AM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
Dec 02, 2019 10:03:51 AM org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool getSharedSelector
INFO: Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
Dec 02, 2019 10:03:51 AM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
Dec 02, 2019 10:03:51 AM org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool getSharedSelector
INFO: Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
Dec 02, 2019 10:03:51 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
INFO: Initialization processed in 1119 ms
Dec 02, 2019 10:03:51 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
INFO: Starting service [Catalina]
Dec 02, 2019 10:03:51 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/9.0.8
...
Dec 02, 2019 10:03:52 AM org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.WebXml orderWebFragments
WARNING: Used a wrong fragment name [acme_common] at web.xml absolute-ordering tag!
Dec 02, 2019 10:03:52 AM org.apache.jasper.servlet.TldScanner scanJars
INFO: At least one JAR was scanned for TLDs yet contained no TLDs. Enable debug logging for this logger for a complete list of JARs that were scanned but no TLDs were found in them. Skipping unneeded JARs during scanning can improve startup time and JSP compilation time.
Dec 02, 2019 10:03:52 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart
SEVERE: Error configuring application listener of class [com.acme.application.app.MainApplicationContextListener]
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.acme.application.app.MainApplicationContextListener
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1292)
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1121)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.loadClass(DefaultInstanceManager.java:540)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.loadClassMaybePrivileged(DefaultInstanceManager.java:521)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.newInstance(DefaultInstanceManager.java:150)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4549)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5091)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1427)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1417)
    at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75)
    at java.base/java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:140)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:943)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:839)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1427)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1417)
    at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75)
    at java.base/java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:140)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:943)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:258)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:422)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:770)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:682)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:350)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:492)

Dec 02, 2019 10:03:52 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart
SEVERE: Skipped installing application listeners due to previous error(s)

“错误的片段名”和ClassNotFound错误听起来都像是构建路径/类路径问题，但是acme-main在构建路径中是很常见的，并且作为项目参考(我是在Eclipse中开发的)。奇怪的是，ClassNotFound类(MainAppContextListener)是在acme-main项目中定义的.

谷歌搜索“错误片段”的错误并没有透露任何信息。正如我所说的，这个项目配置一直在工作，我也没有看到任何可疑的东西来比较当前的配置和过去。我没有想法了，我希望你能给我任何建议。

Answer 1

我终于解决了这个问题。我的推理是，要找到web片段，acme-common.jar应该出现在Eclipse的服务器文件位置中，位于META/lib下。当我发现它丢失时，我将重点放在Eclipse的构建程序集上。我认为问题的出现是因为在Java构建路径、订单和导出选项卡上，没有导出部件，而且/或Web部署程序集中没有包含acme-common.jar。我怀疑我在项目的maven和非maven版本之间的切换会影响这些项目设置。

因此，虽然这最终是一个非常狭窄的问题，但我会留下这个问题，以防它对任何人有用。