如何在不同类中的主Widget和QObject之间传递数据

Question

我的问题是，如何在服务器和正在运行的QWidget应用程序之间传递数据？例如，我想在UI中显示一个新的标签，当onNewConnection(self)函数在MyServer中被调用时，这个标签上写着“客户端连接”。

任何帮助都将不胜感激！

对于使用的PyQt5应用程序，我有以下程序结构：

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget, QLabel, QComboBox, QMainWindow, QPushButton, QVBoxLayout, QSystemTrayIcon, QStyle, QMenu, qApp, QAction
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon, QPixmap, QIcon, QFont
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSlot, Qt, QObject, pyqtSignal
from PyQt5 import QtWebSockets, QtNetwork

import sys




class App(QWidget):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__()

        self.title = "Title window"
        self.left = 0
        self.top = 35
        self.width = 550
        self.height = 250

    def init_ui(self):
        # Initialise UI elements like buttons, labels, ...


class MyServer(QObject):

    def __init__(self, parent):
        super(QObject, self).__init__(parent)
        self.clients = []
        self.server = QtWebSockets.QWebSocketServer(parent.serverName(), parent.secureMode(), parent)
        if self.server.listen(QtNetwork.QHostAddress.LocalHost, 8765):
            print('Connected: '+self.server.serverName()+' : '+self.server.serverAddress().toString()+':'+str(self.server.serverPort()))
        else:
            print('error')
        self.server.newConnection.connect(self.onNewConnection)

        print(self.server.isListening())

    def onNewConnection(self):
        print("Connected")
        #self.mySignal.emit("connected")
        self.clientConnection = self.server.nextPendingConnection()
        self.clientConnection.textMessageReceived.connect(self.processTextMessage)
        self.clientConnection.binaryMessageReceived.connect(self.processBinaryMessage)
        self.clientConnection.disconnected.connect(self.socketDisconnected)

        self.clients.append(self.clientConnection)

    def processTextMessage(self,  message):
        if (self.clientConnection):
            self.clientConnection.sendTextMessage(message)
            print(message)

    def processBinaryMessage(self,  message):
        if (self.clientConnection):
            self.clientConnection.sendBinaryMessage(message)

    def socketDisconnected(self):
        if (self.clientConnection):
            self.clients.remove(self.clientConnection)
            self.clientConnection.deleteLater()

app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = App()
serverObject = QtWebSockets.QWebSocketServer('My Socket', QtWebSockets.QWebSocketServer.NonSecureMode)
server = MyServer(serverObject)
serverObject.closed.connect(app.quit)
app.exec_()

Answer 1

Qt推荐的最优雅的方法是使用信号和插槽。

而且，您的服务器有一个错误，因为"clientConnection“指的是最后一个连接的套接字，所以如果它连接了n个”套接字“，并且第一个连接到了信息，那么您将把它发送给最后一个似乎不正确的套接字。最后，创建只用于存储名称和没有意义的方式的QWebSocketServer，相反，最好将参数传递给构造函数。

import sys

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets, QtWebSockets, QtNetwork


class App(QtWidgets.QWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.init_ui()

    def init_ui(self):
        self.status_label = QtWidgets.QLabel(alignment=QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)

        lay = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self)
        lay.addWidget(self.status_label)

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot(str)
    def on_status_changed(self, status):
        self.status_label.setText(status)


class MyServer(QtCore.QObject):
    statusChanged = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str)

    def __init__(self, name, mode, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.clients = []
        self.server = QtWebSockets.QWebSocketServer(name, mode, parent)
        self.server.closed.connect(QtCore.QCoreApplication.quit)
        if self.server.listen(QtNetwork.QHostAddress.LocalHost, 8765):
            print(
                "Connected: {} : {} : {}".format(
                    self.server.serverName(),
                    self.server.serverAddress().toString(),
                    self.server.serverPort(),
                )
            )
        else:
            print("error: {}".format(self.server.errorString()))
        self.server.newConnection.connect(self.onNewConnection)

        print(self.server.isListening())

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot()
    def onNewConnection(self):
        client = self.server.nextPendingConnection()
        client.identifier = QtCore.QUuid.createUuid().toString(QtCore.QUuid.Id128)
        client.textMessageReceived.connect(self.processTextMessage)
        client.binaryMessageReceived.connect(self.processBinaryMessage)
        client.disconnected.connect(self.socketDisconnected)
        self.clients.append(client)
        self.statusChanged.emit("Connected: client-{}".format(client.identifier))

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot(str)
    def processTextMessage(self, message):
        client = self.sender()
        if isinstance(client, QtWebSockets.QWebSocket):
            client.sendTextMessage(message)
            print("Client-{}: {}".format(client.identifier, message))

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot(QtCore.QByteArray)
    def processBinaryMessage(self, message):
        client = self.sender()
        if isinstance(client, QtWebSockets.QWebSocket):
            client.sendBinaryMessage(message)
            print("Client-{}: {}".format(client.identifier, message))

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot()
    def socketDisconnected(self):
        client = self.sender()
        if isinstance(client, QtWebSockets.QWebSocket):
            self.clients.remove(client)
            self.statusChanged.emit("Disconnected: client-{}".format(client.identifier))
            client.deleteLater()


if __name__ == "__main__":

    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = App()
    ex.show()

    server = MyServer("My Socket", QtWebSockets.QWebSocketServer.NonSecureMode)
    server.statusChanged.connect(ex.on_status_changed)

    sys.exit(app.exec_())