不使用echo和aria2

Question

TLDR:

XferCommand = echo Downloading %u ... && /usr/bin/aria2c --conf-path=/etc/pacman-aria2.conf %u

在pacman.conf输出中

Downloading https://mirror.23media.com/manjaro/stable/core/x86_64/core.db ... && /usr/bin/aria2c --conf-path=/etc/pacman-aria2.conf https://mirror.23media.com/manjaro/stable/core/x86_64/core.db

第二个aria2命令从未执行- pacman.conf和pacman-aria2.conf位于TLDR下面的长版本

简介:我试图实现的是使用pacman的外部下载程序，它说明当前正在下载的内容，而不使用非相关信息填充终端输出。由于pacman存在奇怪的下载速度问题，我尝试使用wiki推荐的方法:使用/etc/pacman.conf中的XferCommand作为下载器使用aria2。由于wiki链接到这篇(https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=192072)文章，我在/etc/pacman.conf中使用了以下命令来使用aria2 XferCommand = echo Downloading %u ... && /usr/bin/aria2c --conf-path=/etc/pacman-aria2.conf %u

您可以在底部找到完整的pacman.conf，以及pacman-aria2.conf。在终端中执行(并且%u更改为其他东西)，这个命令可以工作。遗憾的是，当在pacman.conf中执行时，echo只会打印出整个行，包括"&&“等等。pacman -Syy的全部输出是

Downloading https://mirror.23media.com/manjaro/stable/extra/x86_64/extra.db ... && /usr/bin/aria2c --conf-path=/etc/pacman-aria2.conf https://mirror.23media.com/manjaro/stable/extra/x86_64/extra.db
Downloading https://mirror.23media.com/manjaro/stable/community/x86_64/community.db ... && /usr/bin/aria2c --conf-path=/etc/pacman-aria2.conf https://mirror.23media.com/manjaro/stable/community/x86_64/community.db
Downloading https://mirror.23media.com/manjaro/stable/multilib/x86_64/multilib.db ... && /usr/bin/aria2c --conf-path=/etc/pacman-aria2.conf https://mirror.23media.com/manjaro/stable/multilib/x86_64/multilib.db

sudo pacman -S 0ad的完整输出( pacman中的第一个具有许多依赖项和大文件大小的条目)：

resolving dependencies...
looking for conflicting packages...

Packages (6) 0ad-data-a23.1-1  enet-1.3.14-1  gloox-1.0.22-1  miniupnpc-2.1.20190408-1  wxgtk2-3.0.4-2  0ad-a23.1-7

Total Download Size:      8,95 MiB
Total Installed Size:  2055,95 MiB

:: Proceed with installation? [Y/n] 
:: Retrieving packages...
Downloading https://mirror.23media.com/manjaro/stable/community/x86_64/gloox-1.0.22-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.xz ... && /usr/bin/aria2c --conf-path=/etc/pacman-aria2.conf https://mirror.23media.com/manjaro/stable/community/x86_64/gloox-1.0.22-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.xz
Downloading https://mirror.23media.com/manjaro/stable/community/x86_64/miniupnpc-2.1.20190408-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.xz ... && /usr/bin/aria2c --conf-path=/etc/pacman-aria2.conf https://mirror.23media.com/manjaro/stable/community/x86_64/miniupnpc-2.1.20190408-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.xz
Downloading https://mirror.23media.com/manjaro/stable/community/x86_64/0ad-a23.1-7-x86_64.pkg.tar.xz ... && /usr/bin/aria2c --conf-path=/etc/pacman-aria2.conf https://mirror.23media.com/manjaro/stable/community/x86_64/0ad-a23.1-7-x86_64.pkg.tar.xz
(6/6) checking keys in keyring                                                            [####################################################] 100%
^C/6) checking package integrity                                                          [----------------------------------------------------]   0%
Interrupt signal received

我中断是因为完整性测试没有进行，而且我可以告诉它没有下载任何东西，因为它根本不需要时间，而且程序应该至少有1GB。

当然，第一件事是完全消除回声。这个很管用。但是，由于“下载结果”(当文件下载完成时由aria2自动打印)给我的终端发了大量垃圾，所以我什么也看不懂，所以我在pacman-aria2.conf中添加了一行，删除了这个输出。但是现在写到输出的所有内容看起来都是这样的：[#b72206 3.9MiB/5.2MiB(75%) CN:3 DL:5.0MiB]，所以我不知道它实际下载了什么，这是相当烦人的，特别是当pacman同时下载许多东西时(例如pacman -Syu)，因此需要"echo %u“。

其他修复尝试:在我的pacman.conf中您可以看到我(Bug)修复的一些尝试的剩余部分。以下是短名单：

更改生成Exception caught Exception: [download_helper.cc:451] errorCode=1 Unrecognized URI or unsupported protocol: &&的两个命令的顺序

编写一个小bash脚本(/usr/local/bin/pacman-aria2.sh)，其中只包含两个单独行中的两个命令，结果如下：

Exception caught
Exception: [download_helper.cc:451] errorCode=1 Unrecognized URI or unsupported protocol: %u 

我认为这是因为我没有将变量发送到脚本中，但我不知道如何正确地做到这一点。

wget、curl和wiki的原始命令都不会产生想要的输出: wget再次发送控制台和wiki命令，而curl则完全没有任何信息。

结论：，因为wiki和pacman的手册都没有声明更多关于XferCommand的信息，我无法猜测。任何小费都是非常感谢的。如果你需要更多的信息，我会尽力提供它。

可能相关信息：

uname -srv: Linux 5.4.2-1-MANJARO #1 SMP PREEMPT Thu Dec 5 09:55:57 UTC 2019
pacman -V: Pacman v5.2.1 - libalpm v12.0.1
architecture: x86_64

文件：

/etc/pacman.conf：

#
# /etc/pacman.conf
#
# See the pacman.conf(5) manpage for option and repository directives

#
# GENERAL OPTIONS
#
[options]
# The following paths are commented out with their default values listed.
# If you wish to use different paths, uncomment and update the paths.
#RootDir     = /
#DBPath      = /var/lib/pacman/
CacheDir = /var/cache/pacman/pkg/
#LogFile     = /var/log/pacman.log
#GPGDir      = /etc/pacman.d/gnupg/
#HookDir     = /etc/pacman.d/hooks/
HoldPkg      = pacman glibc manjaro-system
# If upgrades are available for these packages they will be asked for first
SyncFirst    = manjaro-system archlinux-keyring manjaro-keyring
#XferCommand = /usr/bin/curl -C - -f %u > %o
#XferCommand = /usr/bin/wget --passive-ftp -c -O %o %u
XferCommand = /usr/bin/aria2c --conf-path=/etc/pacman-aria2.conf %u
#XferCommand = /usr/bin/aria2c --allow-overwrite=true --continue=true --file-allocation=none --log-level=error --max-tries=2 --max-connection-per-server=2 --max-file-not-found=5 --min-split-size=5M --no-conf --remote-time=true --summary-interval=60 --timeout=5 --dir=/ --out %o %u
#XferCommand = /usr/bin/aria2c --conf-path=/etc/pacman-aria2.conf %u && echo Downloading %u ...
#XferCommand = echo Downloading %u ... && /usr/bin/aria2c --conf-path=/etc/pacman-aria2.conf %u
#XferCommand = /usr/local/bin/pacman-aria2.sh
#CleanMethod = KeepInstalled
#UseDelta    = 0.7
Architecture = auto

# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup
#IgnorePkg   =
#IgnoreGroup =

#NoUpgrade   =
#NoExtract   =

# Misc options
#UseSyslog
Color
#TotalDownload
# We cannot check disk space from within a chroot environment
CheckSpace
#VerbosePkgLists

# By default, pacman accepts packages signed by keys that its local keyring
# trusts (see pacman-key and its man page), as well as unsigned packages.
SigLevel    = Required DatabaseOptional
LocalFileSigLevel = Optional
#RemoteFileSigLevel = Required

# NOTE: You must run `pacman-key --init` before first using pacman; the local
# keyring can then be populated with the keys of all official Manjaro Linux
# packagers with `pacman-key --populate archlinux manjaro`.

#
# REPOSITORIES
#   - can be defined here or included from another file
#   - pacman will search repositories in the order defined here
#   - local/custom mirrors can be added here or in separate files
#   - repositories listed first will take precedence when packages
#     have identical names, regardless of version number
#   - URLs will have $repo replaced by the name of the current repo
#   - URLs will have $arch replaced by the name of the architecture
#
# Repository entries are of the format:
#       [repo-name]
#       Server = ServerName
#       Include = IncludePath
#
# The header [repo-name] is crucial - it must be present and
# uncommented to enable the repo.
#

# The testing repositories are disabled by default. To enable, uncomment the
# repo name header and Include lines. You can add preferred servers immediately
# after the header, and they will be used before the default mirrors.

[core]
SigLevel = PackageRequired DatabaseNever
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

[extra]
SigLevel = PackageRequired DatabaseNever
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

[community]
SigLevel = PackageRequired DatabaseNever
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

# If you want to run 32 bit applications on your x86_64 system,
# enable the multilib repositories as required here.

[multilib]
SigLevel = PackageRequired DatabaseNever
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

# An example of a custom package repository.  See the pacman manpage for
# tips on creating your own repositories.
#[custom]
#SigLevel = Optional TrustAll
#Server = file:///home/custompkgs

/etc/pacman-aria2.conf：

timeout=60
connect-timeout=30
max-tries=5
retry-wait=10
max-file-not-found=1

# downloading
split=3
max-connection-per-server=3
min-split-size=1M
max-concurrent-downloads=1
file-allocation=none
remote-time=true
conditional-get=true
no-netrc=true

# resuming
continue=true
allow-overwrite=true
always-resume=false

# proxy
#http-proxy=127.0.0.1:8080
#https-proxy=127.0.0.1:8080
#ftp-proxy=127.0.0.1:8080

# console
#quiet=true
download-result=hide
console-log-level=warn
summary-interval=0
#enable-color=false
#human-readable=false
#show-console-readout=false
#truncate-console-readout=false

# logging
log-level=warn
log=/var/log/pacman-aria2.log

Answer 1

根据https://git.archlinux.org/pacman.git/commit/?id=808a4f15ce82d2ed7eeb06de73d0f313620558ee，pacman不再通过shell调用XferCommand，因此shell语法不起作用。

在使用单独的脚本时，您的想法是正确的：

echo Downloading %u ...
/usr/bin/aria2c --conf-path=/etc/pacman-aria2.conf %u

但是，显然%u不是由脚本解释的，您需要使用"$1"

echo Downloading "$1" ...
/usr/bin/aria2c --conf-path=/etc/pacman-aria2.conf "$1"

pacman.conf：

XferCommand = /usr/local/bin/pacman-aria2.sh %u