如何使用拼贴自带-设置解释器？

Question

我想做以下几件事：

将简单test.c的libc从系统默认值(Debian 9.11，libc-2.24.so)更改为libc 2.27。

这是我的尝试：

user@pc:~/patchelf_test$ cat test.c 
#include <stdio.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    printf("hello patchelf\n");

    return 0;
}
user@pc:~/patchelf_test$ gcc test.c -o test
user@pc:~/patchelf_test$ ./test
hello patchelf
user@pc:~/patchelf_test$ ldd test
    linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffd9d1d8000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f7ea0290000)
    /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f7ea0831000)
user@pc:~/patchelf_test$ patchelf --set-interpreter ./libc6-amd64_2.27-3ubuntu1_i386.so test
warning: working around a Linux kernel bug by creating a hole of 2093056 bytes in ‘test’
user@pc:~/patchelf_test$ ldd test
    linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fff20b9a000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007fa46a35e000)
    ./libc6-amd64_2.27-3ubuntu1_i386.so => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fa46a900000)
user@pc:~/patchelf_test$ ./test
GNU C Library (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.27-3ubuntu1) stable release version 2.27.
Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.
There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Compiled by GNU CC version 7.3.0.
libc ABIs: UNIQUE IFUNC
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/glibc/+bugs>.
user@pc:~/patchelf_test$ 

这里的预期结果是它应该运行实际的程序。实际结果是，它运行链接器本身的。

问题：，我需要如何修改我的命令来修复这个问题？

我还尝试使用libc6-AMD642.27-3ubuntu1_i386.ld代替.so：

user@pc:~/patchelf_test$ !gcc
gcc test.c -o test
user@pc:~/patchelf_test$ patchelf --set-interpreter ./libc6-amd64_2.27-3ubuntu1_i386.ld test
warning: working around a Linux kernel bug by creating a hole of 2093056 bytes in ‘test’
user@pc:~/patchelf_test$ ./test
Segmentation fault

我还尝试使用我的系统默认的libc，并使用它进行修补程序，仅仅是为了确定修补程序本身可以工作，但是我还是遇到了同样的问题--它执行链接器二进制本身，而不是测试二进制。

user@pc:~/patchelf_test$ !gcc
gcc test.c -o test
user@pc:~/patchelf_test$ patchelf --set-interpreter ./libc_default.so test
warning: working around a Linux kernel bug by creating a hole of 2093056 bytes in ‘test’
user@pc:~/patchelf_test$ ./test
GNU C Library (Debian GLIBC 2.24-11+deb9u4) stable release version 2.24, by Roland McGrath et al.
Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.
There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Compiled by GNU CC version 6.3.0 20170516.
Available extensions:
    crypt add-on version 2.1 by Michael Glad and others
    GNU Libidn by Simon Josefsson
    Native POSIX Threads Library by Ulrich Drepper et al
    BIND-8.2.3-T5B
libc ABIs: UNIQUE IFUNC
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.debian.org/Bugs/>.

绞刑：

$ strace ./test
execve("./test", ["./test"], [/* 44 vars */]) = 0
write(1, "GNU C Library (Debian GLIBC 2.24"..., 616GNU C Library (Debian GLIBC 2.24-11+deb9u4) stable release version 2.24, by Roland McGrath et al.
Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.
There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Compiled by GNU CC version 6.3.0 20170516.
Available extensions:
    crypt add-on version 2.1 by Michael Glad and others
    GNU Libidn by Simon Josefsson
    Native POSIX Threads Library by Ulrich Drepper et al
    BIND-8.2.3-T5B
libc ABIs: UNIQUE IFUNC
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.debian.org/Bugs/>.
) = 616
exit_group(0)                           = ?
+++ exited with 0 +++

Answer 1

这个命令没有任何意义：

patchelf --set-interpreter ./libc6-amd64_2.27-3ubuntu1_i386.so test

libc.so.6和ld-linux.so.2完全不同，您将PT_INTERP设置为(等效) libc.so.6。

这个命令是“正确的”：

patchelf --set-interpreter ./libc6-amd64_2.27-3ubuntu1_i386.ld test

但是结果很可能是由于系统GLIBC是不同的版本而崩溃的。正如我所说的，here、ld-linux和libc.so.6必须完全匹配。

要使这一切正常工作，您应该去掉有趣的libc-amd64...命名约定，将2.27构建完全解压到例如./libc6-amd64_2.27/目录中，然后使用以下内容：

patchelf --set-interpreter ./libc6-amd64_2.27/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 test
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=./libc6-amd64_2.27/lib64 ./test