替换字符串中的单词，但忽略引号中的单词

Question

我用以下循环替换字符串content中的单词：

std::string content = "This is original. \"This is original\"";

while (content.find("original") != std::string::npos)
    content.replace(content.find("original"), 8, "replacement");

有一个简单的方法，不把“原”改为“替换”时，它的内部引号？

所以就这样吧。

这是原创的。“这是原创的”

将改为：

这是替代品。“这是原创的”

取而代之的是：

这是替代品。“这是替代”

Answer 1

这样做的目的是先搜索要替换的单词或开头的引号。

如果是开头引号，则搜索结束引号，然后继续替换它们。

std::string::find允许您指定搜索的起始位置。

结果可能有点像这样：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

std::string& replace_except_in_quotes(std::string& content, const std::string& original, const std::string& replacement)
{
    for(size_t pos = 0U; pos < content.size(); /*incremented in body*/)
    {
        size_t nextOriginal = content.find(original, pos);
        if(nextOriginal == std::string::npos)
        {
            break;// All occurences replaced
        }
        size_t nextQuote = content.find('\"', pos);
        bool skipQuotes = (nextQuote != std::string::npos) && (nextQuote < nextOriginal);
        if(skipQuotes)
        {
            nextQuote = content.find('\"', nextQuote + 1);
            if(nextQuote == std::string::npos)
            {
                break; // Missing closing quote
            }
            pos = nextQuote+1;
            continue;
        }

        // Actually replace original with replacement
        content.replace(nextOriginal, original.size(), replacement);
        pos += replacement.size() + 1;
    }
    return content;
}



int main() 
{
    using namespace std;

    string content = "this is original.\"this is original\"";
    cout << replace_except_in_quotes(content, "original", "replacement") << "\n\n";

    content += '\n' + content + '\n' + content + '\n' + content;
    cout << replace_except_in_quotes(content, "original", "replacement") << "\n\n";;
    return 0;
}

输出：

this is replacement."this is original"

this is replacement."this is original"
this is replacement."this is original"
this is replacement."this is original"
this is replacement."this is original"

天栓：https://gcc.godbolt.org/z/oYq3sy

Answer 2

快速修正，但只对第一个字内引号，如果你有相同的词前面，它不会取代它。

示例

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std; //for sample purposes


int main() 
{
    string content = "this is original. \"this is original\"";
    cout << "Original: " << content << endl;
    while (content.find("original") != std::string::npos)
       if(content.find('"'))
           break;
    content.replace(content.find("original"), 8, "replacement");
    cout << "Replaced: " << content;
    return 0;
}

Answer 3

好的，我写了代码，这是我想要的。

std::string content = "This is original. \"This is original\"";

std::string temp, res;
    unsigned long n = content.length();
    bool instring = false;

    for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
        temp = temp + content[i];
        if(content[i] == '\"' || n == i+1)
            {
                if(instring)
                    {
                        res = res + temp;
                        temp = "";
                    } else
                    {
                        while (temp.find("original") != std::string::npos)
    temp.replace(temp.find("original"), 8, "replacement");
                        }
                        res = res + temp;
                        temp = "";
                    }
                instring = !instring;
            }
    }
    content = res;

谢谢你的帮助。