如何允许编译器查找通过Brew安装的库

Question

我正在编写macOS Catalina，我想使用CMake编译一些c++代码。

这段代码需要我通过Brew ()安装的库boost。在我的代码中，我添加了#include <boost/functional/hash.hpp>来使用它。

当我编译时，我得到了以下错误：

fatal error: boost/functional/hash.hpp: No such file or directory #include <boost/functional/hash.hpp>

显然，编译器找不到库，所以我的问题是：如何告诉他库在哪里？我更喜欢设置一些环境变量，如果不可能，我如何使用CMake来实现呢？

调用boost的文件：

#include "../../include/util/SubsetInt.hpp"
#include <boost/functional/hash.hpp>

namespace cats {

SubsetInt::SubsetInt(const SubsetInt& p) {
  field = std::vector<uint64_t>();
  for (uint64_t e : p.field) {
    field.push_back(e);
  }
}
}

CMakeLists.txt：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.1)
project(catsFramework)


find_package(Boost REQUIRED COMPONENTS system unit_test_framework)
find_package(OpenMP REQUIRED)


set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${OpenMP_CXX_FLAGS} -O3 -DNDEBUG -Wall")
# set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${OpenMP_CXX_FLAGS} -O1 -g -Wall")



################### COMBINATOR LIBS ##########################

add_library(LDSCombinator STATIC
    include/combinators/LDSCombinator.hpp
    src/combinators/LDSCombinator.cpp
)

add_library(PrefixEquivalenceCombinator STATIC
    include/combinators/PrefixEquivalenceCombinator.hpp
    src/combinators/PrefixEquivalenceCombinator.cpp
)

add_library(IterativeBroadeningCombinator STATIC
    include/combinators/IterativeBroadeningCombinator.hpp
    src/combinators/IterativeBroadeningCombinator.cpp
)

add_library(ProbingCombinator STATIC
    include/combinators/ProbingCombinator.hpp
    src/combinators/ProbingCombinator.cpp
)

add_library(SolutionPartsCombinator STATIC
    include/combinators/SolutionPartsCombinator.hpp
    src/combinators/SolutionPartsCombinator.cpp
)

add_library(WeightedCombinator STATIC
    include/combinators/WeightedCombinator.hpp
    src/combinators/WeightedCombinator.cpp
)

# all combinators defintion
set( COMBINATORS
    LDSCombinator
    IterativeBroadeningCombinator
    PrefixEquivalenceCombinator
    ProbingCombinator
    SolutionPartsCombinator
    WeightedCombinator
)


############## TREE SEARCH ALGORITHMS #################


add_library(DFS STATIC
    include/treesearch/DFS.hpp
    src/treesearch/DFS.cpp
)

add_library(BFS STATIC
    include/treesearch/BFS.hpp
    src/treesearch/BFS.cpp
)

add_library(AStar STATIC
    include/treesearch/AStar.hpp
    src/treesearch/AStar.cpp
)

add_library(MBAStar STATIC
    include/treesearch/MBAStar.hpp
    src/treesearch/MBAStar.cpp
)

add_library(BeamSearch STATIC
    include/treesearch/BeamSearch.hpp
    src/treesearch/BeamSearch.cpp
)

add_library(GreedyRandom STATIC
    include/treesearch/GreedyRandom.hpp
    src/treesearch/GreedyRandom.cpp
)

add_library(WeightedAStar STATIC
    include/treesearch/WeightedAStar.hpp
    src/treesearch/WeightedAStar.cpp
)

add_library(Greedy STATIC
    include/treesearch/Greedy.hpp
    src/treesearch/Greedy.cpp
)

add_library(IterativeMBAStar STATIC
    include/treesearch/IterativeMBAStar.hpp
    src/treesearch/IterativeMBAStar.cpp
)

add_library(IterativeBeamSearch STATIC
    include/treesearch/IterativeBeamSearch.hpp
    src/treesearch/IterativeBeamSearch.cpp
)

add_library(LDS STATIC
    include/treesearch/LDS.hpp
    src/treesearch/LDS.cpp
)

add_library(BULB STATIC
    include/treesearch/BULB.hpp
    src/treesearch/BULB.cpp
)

add_library(IterativeBroadening STATIC
    include/treesearch/IterativeBroadening.hpp
    src/treesearch/IterativeBroadening.cpp
)

add_library(BranchAndGreed STATIC
    include/treesearch/BranchAndGreed.hpp
    src/treesearch/BranchAndGreed.cpp
)

add_library(ACO STATIC
    include/treesearch/ACO.hpp
    src/treesearch/ACO.cpp
)

add_library(RouletteWheelGreedy STATIC
    include/treesearch/RouletteWheelGreedy.hpp
    src/treesearch/RouletteWheelGreedy.cpp
)

add_library(IterativeRouletteWheelGreedy STATIC
    include/treesearch/IterativeRouletteWheelGreedy.hpp
    src/treesearch/IterativeRouletteWheelGreedy.cpp
)

add_library(MCTS STATIC
    include/treesearch/RouletteWheelGreedy.hpp
    src/treesearch/RouletteWheelGreedy.cpp
    include/treesearch/MCTS.hpp
    src/treesearch/MCTS.cpp
)

add_library(AnytimeColumnSearch STATIC
    include/treesearch/AnytimeColumnSearch.hpp
    src/treesearch/AnytimeColumnSearch.cpp
)


# all tree search algorithms
set( ALGORITHMS
    DFS
    BFS
    AStar
    MBAStar
    BeamSearch
    GreedyRandom
    WeightedAStar
    Greedy
    BranchAndGreed
    IterativeBroadening
    BULB
    LDS
    IterativeBeamSearch
    IterativeMBAStar
    ACO
    RouletteWheelGreedy
    IterativeRouletteWheelGreedy
    MCTS
    AnytimeColumnSearch
)


# base code
add_library(catsBase STATIC
    include/Node.hpp
    include/SearchManager.hpp
    include/Store.hpp
    include/io.hpp
    include/numeric.hpp
    include/SolutionParts.hpp
    include/Combinator.hpp
    include/PrefixEquivalence.hpp

    src/Node.cpp
    src/SearchManager.cpp
    src/io.cpp
)


# util code
add_library(catsUtil STATIC
# set ( UTIL
    include/util/includeAlgorithms.hpp
    include/util/SubsetInt.hpp
    src/util/SubsetInt.cpp
)

set ( ALL
    ${COMBINATORS}
    ${ALGORITHMS}
    catsUtil
    catsBase
)

# UNIT TESTING
enable_testing()

add_executable( testInverseBS.exe unittest/testInverseBS.cpp unittest/InverseGuideBS.hpp)
target_link_libraries(testInverseBS.exe ${ALL})

add_executable( testSubsetInt.exe unittest/testSubsetInt.cpp)
target_link_libraries(testSubsetInt.exe ${ALL})

add_test( InverseBS testInverseBS.exe )
add_test( SubsetInt testSubsetInt.exe )

Answer 1

通常，您会使用套餐查找和配置CMake库。Boost提供了一个CMake配置文件FindBoost。

下面是一个使用目标的库的示例(当前推荐的方法)

find_package(Boost REQUIRED COMPONENTS system unit_test_framework)

add_library(LDSCombinator STATIC
    include/combinators/LDSCombinator.hpp
    src/combinators/LDSCombinator.cpp
)
target_link_libraries(LDSCombinator Boost::system)

您必须链接所有使用Boost的可执行文件和库。

Answer 2

看起来您已经在使用find_package()来告诉CMake寻找安装在系统上的Boost，特别是system和unit_test_framework组件。现在只需将导入的Boost目标链接到使用Boost的库或可执行文件。例如，将unit_test_framework链接到testSubsetInt.exe目标，如下所示：

target_link_libraries(testSubsetInt.exe PUBLIC 
    ${ALL} 
    Boost::unit_test_framework
)

此示例包含“现代”CMake方法。但是，Boost文档提供了通过CMake 这里包含Boost库的更多扩展示例。