如何在ubuntu18.04上安装可安装的2.9+并利用python3？

Question

我试图在Ubuntu仿生(18.04 LTS)上安装最小的ansible 2.9.x。

最后的目标是在每次提交时构建新的磁盘映像(使用packer)，并希望进程尽可能快。

使用默认Ubuntu ansible

默认情况下在仿生是2.5.x中。

这太旧了，所有的ansible脚本都是为2.9+编写的。

使用官方PPA

使用推荐安装方法建议在/etc/apt/sources.list中添加以下行

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ansible/ansible/ubuntu trusty main

并运行以下命令：

$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 93C4A3FD7BB9C367
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install ansible

但它仍然需要python2包：

$ sudo apt install ansible
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libpython-stdlib libpython2.7-minimal libpython2.7-stdlib python python-asn1crypto
  python-cffi-backend python-crypto python-cryptography python-enum34 python-httplib2
  python-idna python-ipaddress python-jinja2 python-markupsafe python-minimal
  python-paramiko python-pkg-resources python-pyasn1 python-setuptools python-six
  python-yaml python2.7 python2.7-minimal sshpass
Suggested packages:
  python-doc python-tk python-crypto-doc python-cryptography-doc
  python-cryptography-vectors python-enum34-doc python-jinja2-doc python-gssapi
  python-setuptools-doc python2.7-doc binutils binfmt-support
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  ansible libpython-stdlib libpython2.7-minimal libpython2.7-stdlib python
  python-asn1crypto python-cffi-backend python-crypto python-cryptography python-enum34
  python-httplib2 python-idna python-ipaddress python-jinja2 python-markupsafe
  python-minimal python-paramiko python-pkg-resources python-pyasn1 python-setuptools
  python-six python-yaml python2.7 python2.7-minimal sshpass
0 upgraded, 25 newly installed, 0 to remove and 33 not upgraded.
Need to get 11.3 MB of archives.
After this operation, 83.3 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

使用pip

这是我目前的方法，但是安装pip3和安装移动式pip是另一个额外的步骤：

$ sudo apt install python3-pip
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu build-essential cpp cpp-7 dh-python dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-7 gcc gcc-7 gcc-7-base libalgorithm-diff-perl
  libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libasan4 libatomic1 libbinutils libc-dev-bin libc6-dev libcc1-0 libcilkrts5 libdpkg-perl libexpat1-dev libfakeroot
  libfile-fcntllock-perl libgcc-7-dev libgomp1 libisl19 libitm1 liblsan0 libmpc3 libmpx2 libpython3-dev libpython3.6-dev libquadmath0 libstdc++-7-dev libtsan0 libubsan0
  linux-libc-dev make manpages-dev python-pip-whl python3-crypto python3-dev python3-distutils python3-keyring python3-keyrings.alt python3-lib2to3
  python3-secretstorage python3-setuptools python3-wheel python3-xdg python3.6-dev
Suggested packages:
  binutils-doc cpp-doc gcc-7-locales debian-keyring g++-multilib g++-7-multilib gcc-7-doc libstdc++6-7-dbg gcc-multilib autoconf automake libtool flex bison gdb gcc-doc
  gcc-7-multilib libgcc1-dbg libgomp1-dbg libitm1-dbg libatomic1-dbg libasan4-dbg liblsan0-dbg libtsan0-dbg libubsan0-dbg libcilkrts5-dbg libmpx2-dbg libquadmath0-dbg
  glibc-doc bzr libstdc++-7-doc make-doc python-crypto-doc gnome-keyring libkf5wallet-bin gir1.2-gnomekeyring-1.0 python-secretstorage-doc python-setuptools-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu build-essential cpp cpp-7 dh-python dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-7 gcc gcc-7 gcc-7-base libalgorithm-diff-perl
  libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libasan4 libatomic1 libbinutils libc-dev-bin libc6-dev libcc1-0 libcilkrts5 libdpkg-perl libexpat1-dev libfakeroot
  libfile-fcntllock-perl libgcc-7-dev libgomp1 libisl19 libitm1 liblsan0 libmpc3 libmpx2 libpython3-dev libpython3.6-dev libquadmath0 libstdc++-7-dev libtsan0 libubsan0
  linux-libc-dev make manpages-dev python-pip-whl python3-crypto python3-dev python3-distutils python3-keyring python3-keyrings.alt python3-lib2to3 python3-pip
  python3-secretstorage python3-setuptools python3-wheel python3-xdg python3.6-dev
0 upgraded, 57 newly installed, 0 to remove and 33 not upgraded.
Need to get 85.3 MB of archives.
After this operation, 248 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

...which为封隔器进程增加了不必要的时间:(

有什么暗示吗？

Ubuntu18.04附带了已经安装的python3，ansible可以很容易地配置为使用python3。有人知道如何在不需要安装python2或pip3的情况下安装Anble2.9吗？

Answer 1

我也遇到过同样的问题。在我的情况下，由于AWX的要求，必须在2.9.+中.如果您在Ubuntu18.04，您可以遵循以下步骤：

$ sudo apt install software-properties-common
$ sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ansible/ansible
$ sudo apt update

$ sudo apt install ansible

就这样。

$ ansible --version
  |___ ansible 2.9.7

注意:我建议你在Unix & Linux中提出这样的问题

Answer 2

正如在问题上提到的，目前建议Ubuntu用户使用Debian存储库。可以直接下载这里，并使用以下方法安装下载的deb包

sudo apt-get install ./ansible_x.y.z_all.deb

这将在不安装python2的情况下安装ansible。我已经在Ubuntu19.10上成功地测试了这个。

Answer 3

我也遇到了同样的问题。当我用

sudo apt install ansible

ansible与Python2.7.x一起安装

我卸载了所有的东西，并使用pip安装了ansible。现在，当我做ansible --版本的时候

配置文件=/etc/ansible.cfg配置模块搜索路径=‘/root/. ansible /plugins/模块’，‘/usr/share/ ansible /plugins/模块’ansible python模块位置= /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/ansible可执行位置= /usr/local/bin/ansible python版本= 3.6.9 (默认值，2020年4月18日，01:56:04) GCC 8.4.0