无法使用模块pdftotext构建独立的.exe

Question

我正在尝试将包含pdftotext模块的python脚本转换为一个独立的.exe。当我在我的anaconda中测试.exe应用程序时，它工作正常，但是当我在另一个设备上测试它时，它会让我发现这个错误：

File "main.py", line 3, in <module> #line 3 is import pdftotext
"ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found"
[7300] Failed to execute script main

我确信这个问题与模块pdftotext有关，因为我尝试使用下面的简单脚本并正确地工作：

a=input("Start")
print("Hello world")
b=input("End")

如果我转换此脚本，则会出现错误：

import pdftotext
a=input("Inserisci")
print("Hello world")
b=input("Fine")

对不起，我的英语很差，我来自意大利。我希望我说的很清楚，谢谢大家

编辑1.我发现了这个问题可能与poppler (pdftotext所用的库)有关，但目前我还不知道要导入poppler的文件挂钩是什么

编辑2.在做了一些工作之后，我发现了两件可能有助于更好地理解我的情况的事情：

1. -- .exe应用程序可以在我的设备上工作(甚至在我安装了poppler和pdftotext的anaconda env之外)，但是它不能在其他设备上工作(我尝试过两种不同的windows膝上型计算机，错误是相同的)；在dist文件夹(由pyinstaller构建)中的每个设备上没有“pdftotext”工作的脚本(由pyinstaller构建)会出现一个名为pdftotext的文件:这个文件是‘pdftoext.cp 37-win_amd64.pyd’(我不知道它是什么)。在我的anaconda中，只有两个文件包含字符串“pdftotext”：这些文件是“pdftopext.cp37-win_amd64.pyd”和'pdftotext.exe'

。

在不同设备上运行main.exe时，编辑3完全错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "main.py",line 1, in <module>
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found
[7140] Failed to execute script main

完整的pyinstaller日志：

(envPDF) C:\Users\miche\Desktop\project>pyinstaller --additional-hooks-dir=hooks main.py
65 INFO: PyInstaller: 3.6
65 INFO: Python: 3.7.6 (conda)
65 INFO: Platform: Windows-10-10.0.18362-SP0
65 INFO: wrote C:\Users\miche\Desktop\project\main.spec
65 INFO: UPX is not available.
81 INFO: Extending PYTHONPATH with paths
['C:\\Users\\miche\\Desktop\\project', 'C:\\Users\\miche\\Desktop\\project']
81 INFO: checking Analysis
81 INFO: Building Analysis because Analysis-00.toc is non existent
81 INFO: Initializing module dependency graph...
81 INFO: Caching module graph hooks...
81 INFO: Analyzing base_library.zip ...
3232 INFO: Caching module dependency graph...
3326 INFO: running Analysis Analysis-00.toc
3343 INFO: Adding Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls to dependent assemblies of final executable
  required by c:\users\miche\anaconda3\envs\envpdf\python.exe
3608 INFO: Analyzing C:\Users\miche\Desktop\project\main.py
3624 INFO: Processing module hooks...
3624 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-encodings.py"...
3718 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-pydoc.py"...
3718 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-xml.py"...
3954 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-pdftotext.py"...
6537 INFO: Determining a mapping of distributions to packages...
29442 INFO: Packages required by pdftotext:
[]
33735 INFO: Looking for ctypes DLLs
33735 INFO: Analyzing run-time hooks ...
33746 INFO: Looking for dynamic libraries
34387 INFO: Looking for eggs
34387 INFO: Using Python library c:\users\miche\anaconda3\envs\envpdf\python37.dll
34390 INFO: Found binding redirects:
[]
34395 INFO: Warnings written to C:\Users\miche\Desktop\project\build\main\warn-main.txt
34430 INFO: Graph cross-reference written to C:\Users\miche\Desktop\project\build\main\xref-main.html
35274 INFO: checking PYZ
35274 INFO: Building PYZ because PYZ-00.toc is non existent
35274 INFO: Building PYZ (ZlibArchive) C:\Users\miche\Desktop\project\build\main\PYZ-00.pyz
35794 INFO: Building PYZ (ZlibArchive) C:\Users\miche\Desktop\project\build\main\PYZ-00.pyz completed successfully.
35802 INFO: checking PKG
35802 INFO: Building PKG because PKG-00.toc is non existent
35804 INFO: Building PKG (CArchive) PKG-00.pkg
35824 INFO: Building PKG (CArchive) PKG-00.pkg completed successfully.
35824 INFO: Bootloader c:\users\miche\anaconda3\envs\envpdf\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\bootloader\Windows-64bit\run.exe
35824 INFO: checking EXE
35824 INFO: Building EXE because EXE-00.toc is non existent
35824 INFO: Building EXE from EXE-00.toc
35824 INFO: Appending archive to EXE C:\Users\miche\Desktop\project\build\main\main.exe
35824 INFO: Building EXE from EXE-00.toc completed successfully.
35875 INFO: checking COLLECT
35875 INFO: Building COLLECT because COLLECT-00.toc is non existent
35875 INFO: Building COLLECT COLLECT-00.toc
96644 INFO: Building COLLECT COLLECT-00.toc completed successfully.

Answer 1

您需要的是一个PyInstaller的钩子文件。引用下列文件：

总之，一个“钩子”文件扩展了

以适应PyInstaller包所使用的特殊需求和方法。...它们帮助分析阶段找到所需的文件。

官方的钩子文档可以在https://pyinstaller.readthedocs.io/en/stable/hooks.html找到。

编辑：以下内容应该可以工作：

创建此目录结构：

- yourcode.py
- hooks
  - hook-pdftotext.py

在钩子文件中放置以下内容：

from PyInstaller.utils.hooks import collect_all

datas, binaries, hiddenimports = collect_all('pdftotext')

然后用：

$ pyinstaller --additional-hook-dir=hooks yourcode.py