如何用R中的进行两因素分组的三维线图？

Question

我已经检查了普洛特利的官方网页，但是如何绘制以下任务仍然让我无法理解：

id <- c(rep(1,5), rep(2,5), rep(3,5), rep(4,5))
t <- rep(seq(50,75,length.out=5), 4)
x <- runif(20) + sin(t) 
y <- rnorm(20) + cos(t)
gender <- c(rep("F",10), rep("M",10))
smoke <- c(rep("Y",5), rep("N",10), rep("Y",5))

DATA <- data.frame(ID, t, x, y, gender, smoke)

fig <- plot_ly(DATA, x = ~t, y = ~y, z = ~x, .......)

假设我有4组患者(按2种因素分组，女性/男性和吸烟者/不吸烟者)，每一组患者都与沿时间戳$t_i$的5个观察$(x_i，y_i)$相关。因此，我需要为每个病人绘制一个3D线图$${(t_i，x_i，y_i)}_{i=1}^{i=5}$，但所有这些都在一个绘图画布中。如果我想用红色/蓝色表示性别，用实线表示吸烟者，用短线表示不吸烟者，并在图例中指定这些，我应该做什么(最好使用R)？

Answer 1

你心目中的三维图形可以这样实现：

library(plotly)

id <- c(rep(1,5), rep(2,5), rep(3,5), rep(4,5))
t <- rep(seq(50,75,length.out=5), 4)
x <- runif(20) + sin(t) 
y <- rnorm(20) + cos(t)
gender <- c(rep("F",10), rep("M",10))
smoke <- c(rep("Y",5), rep("N",10), rep("Y",5))

DATA <- data.frame(id, t, x, y, gender, smoke)

col_gender <- c(M = "red", F = "blue")
lt_smoke <- c(Y = "solid", N = "dash")
sym_id <- c(`1` = "circle", `2` = "square", `3` = "diamond", `4` = "cross")

fig <- plot_ly(DATA, 
               x = ~x, y = ~y, z = ~t, symbol = ~id, color = ~gender, linetype = ~smoke, type = 'scatter3d', mode = 'lines+markers',
               line = list(width = 6),
               marker = list(size = 3.5, cmin = -20, cmax = 50),
               colors = col_gender,
               linetypes = lt_smoke,
               symbols = sym_id)
fig

编辑：

对于更多的患者，最好的选择是使用transform id在彩色和附加分组上映射id。

library(plotly)

id <- c(rep(1,5), rep(2,5), rep(3,5), rep(4,5), rep(5,5), rep(6,5), rep(7,5), rep(8,5))
t <- rep(seq(50,75,length.out=5), 8)
x <- runif(40) + sin(t) 
y <- rnorm(40) + cos(t)
gender <- c(rep("F",10), rep("M",10), rep("F",10), rep("M",10))
smoke <- c(rep("Y",5), rep("N",10), rep("Y",5), rep("Y",5), rep("N",10), rep("Y",5))

lt_smoke <- c(Y = "solid", N = "dash")
sym_id <- c(M = "circle", F = "square")

fig <- plot_ly(DATA, 
               x = ~x, y = ~y, z = ~t, symbol = ~gender, color = ~id, linetype = ~smoke, type = 'scatter3d', mode = 'lines+markers',
               line = list(width = 6),
               marker = list(size = 3.5, cmin = -20, cmax = 50),
               linetypes = lt_smoke,
               symbols = sym_id,
               transforms = list(
                 list(
                   type = 'groupby',
                   groups = ~id)
               ))
fig