在VM上用OpenCV重新构建OpenCV程序

Question

我需要从一个ubuntu20.04切换到一个Windows 7工作站。

我正在为Raspberry PI编写一个程序，它需要线程，所以我需要一个linux测试环境。

我安装了一个ubuntu20.04VM，并重新安装了我的程序中使用的所有库：

4.2

• Libtorch

• NumCpp

• OpenCV OpenCV

这是我的CMakeLists.txt：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
project(POC_V4)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 14)

# Specifying we are using pthread for UNIX systems.
SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} ${TORCH_CXX_FLAGS} -pthread -Wall")

find_package(OpenCV REQUIRED)
find_package(Torch REQUIRED)

if(NOT Torch_FOUND)
    message(FATAL_ERROR "Pytorch Not Found!")
endif(NOT Torch_FOUND)

message(STATUS "Pytorch status :")
message(STATUS "    libraries: ${TORCH_LIBRARIES}")

message(STATUS "OpenCV library status :")
message(STATUS "    version: ${OpenCV_VERSION}")
message(STATUS "    libraries: ${OpenCV_LIBS}")
message(STATUS "    include path: ${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS}")

add_executable(POC_V4 <all_my_sources_and_headers>)
target_link_libraries(POC_V4 ${TORCH_LIBRARIES} ${OpenCV_LIBS})
target_link_libraries(POC_V4 pthread dl util)

在实际PC和VM上，cmake输出是相同的：

-- Pytorch status :
--     libraries: torch;torch_library;/usr/lib/libc10.so
-- OpenCV library status :
--     version: 4.2.0
--     libraries: opencv_calib3d;opencv_core;opencv_dnn;opencv_features2d;opencv_flann;opencv_highgui;opencv_imgcodecs;opencv_imgproc;opencv_ml;opencv_objdetect;opencv_photo;opencv_stitching;opencv_video;opencv_videoio;opencv_aruco;opencv_bgsegm;opencv_bioinspired;opencv_ccalib;opencv_datasets;opencv_dnn_objdetect;opencv_dnn_superres;opencv_dpm;opencv_face;opencv_freetype;opencv_fuzzy;opencv_hdf;opencv_hfs;opencv_img_hash;opencv_line_descriptor;opencv_optflow;opencv_phase_unwrapping;opencv_plot;opencv_quality;opencv_reg;opencv_rgbd;opencv_saliency;opencv_shape;opencv_stereo;opencv_structured_light;opencv_superres;opencv_surface_matching;opencv_text;opencv_tracking;opencv_videostab;opencv_viz;opencv_ximgproc;opencv_xobjdetect;opencv_xphoto
--     include path: /usr/include/opencv4
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: <path_where_i_build>```

在我真实的Ubuntu PC上，构建工作正常，但是在VM上的链接期间它失败了：

/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/POC_V4.dir/src/communication.cpp.o: in function `Communication::showImage(cv::Mat, Box, std::string)':
communication.cpp:(.text+0x208): undefined reference to `cv::imshow(std::string const&, cv::_InputArray const&)'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/POC_V4.dir/src/communication.cpp.o: in function `Communication::showImage(cv::Mat, std::string)':
communication.cpp:(.text+0x393): undefined reference to `cv::imshow(std::string const&, cv::_InputArray const&)'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/POC_V4.dir/src/communication.cpp.o: in function `Communication::fps(cv::Mat, std::string)':
communication.cpp:(.text+0x655): undefined reference to `cv::putText(cv::_InputOutputArray const&, std::string const&, cv::Point_<int>, int, double, cv::Scalar_<double>, int, int, bool)'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/POC_V4.dir/src/communication.cpp.o: in function `Communication::Communication()':
communication.cpp:(.text+0x816): undefined reference to `cv::namedWindow(std::string const&, int)'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/POC_V4.dir/src/imageGetter.cpp.o: in function `ImageGetter::ImageGetter()':
imageGetter.cpp:(.text+0x342): undefined reference to `cv::VideoCapture::VideoCapture(std::string const&, int)'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/POC_V4.dir/build.make:285: POC_V4] Error 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:76: CMakeFiles/POC_V4.dir/all] Error 2

TLDR :

• 相同操作系统
• 相同库版本(OpenCV 4.2)
• 相同CMakeLists.txt文件

与OpenCV的连接问题。

有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

多亏了@squareskittles :我需要卸载OpenCV，并用C++14标准将它从源代码重新构建到好版本，我终于成功地使它正常工作。

如果在构建时有与OpenCV相关的链接问题，请卸载OpenCV并自己构建：

sudo apt remove libopencv-dev && sudo apt autoremove

cd ~/Downloads
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib.git
cd opencv_contrib
git checkout 4.2.0
cd ../opencv
git checkout 4.2.0
mkdir build

打开CMakeLists.txt并在文件开头添加以下行：

add_definitions(-D_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=0)

然后构建OpenCV：

cd build
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/Downloads/opencv_contrib/modules/ ..
make
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig

安装可能缺少的图形输出处理库。

sudo apt install libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libcanberra-gtk-module libcanberra-gtk3-module

试着重新建立这个项目，这应该是可行的！

再来一次吧！