在制作意大利面时，用python巧妙地重复色调

Question

我试图使用熊猫的所有列制作一个意大利面图，使用下面的代码片段：

import pandas as pd
import plotly.express as px

df_melt = df.melt('months', var_name='cols',  value_name='vals')
fig = px.line(df_melt, x='months' , y='vals' , color='cols',title="Symptoms frequency over the years 2018-19", labels={"vals":"Frequency","cols":"Keywords","months":"Timeline"})
fig.update_layout(font = dict(size = 10))

csv看起来是这样的：

{'pathogen': {0: 0, 1: 0, 2: 0, 3: 0, 4: 0}, 
'flavivirus': {0: 0, 1: 0, 2: 0, 3: 0, 4: 0}, 
'swamp': {0: 5, 1: 6, 2: 9, 3: 19, 4: 39}, 
'virus': {0: 0, 1: 3, 2: 1, 3: 1, 4: 8}, 
'virus-bacteria': {0: 11, 1: 12, 2: 18, 3: 21, 4: 97}, 
'contagious': {0: 8, 1: 1, 2: 2, 3: 9, 4: 23}, 
'mosquito bite': {0: 1, 1: 1, 2: 6, 3: 3, 4: 7}, 
'agent': {0: 19, 1: 17, 2: 43, 3: 179, 4: 702}, 
'host': {0: 1, 1: 1, 2: 1, 3: 3, 4: 27}, 
'infected': {0: 0, 1: 1, 2: 0, 3: 1, 4: 4}, 
'bitten': {0: 0, 1: 1, 2: 0, 3: 2, 4: 12}, 
'bite': {0: 7, 1: 9, 2: 17, 3: 39, 4: 93}, 
'skin': {0: 34, 1: 43, 2: 38, 3: 154, 4: 269}, 
'sensitive': {0: 9, 1: 2, 2: 3, 3: 40, 4: 75}, 
'at risk': {0: 20, 1: 23, 2: 34, 3: 138, 4: 338}, 
'serotype': {0: 0, 1: 0, 2: 0, 3: 0, 4: 0}, 
'serotypes': {0: 0, 1: 0, 2: 0, 3: 0, 4: 0}, 
'protection': {0: 37, 1: 36, 2: 50, 3: 259, 4: 303}, 
'mucus membrane': {0: 0, 1: 0, 2: 0, 3: 0, 4: 0}, 
'spreaded': {0: 172, 1: 194, 2: 266, 3: 825, 4: 1424}, 
'vertebrate': {0: 0, 1: 0, 2: 0, 3: 0, 4: 1}, 
'human': {0: 707, 1: 676, 2: 961, 3: 2623, 4: 5270}, 
'mosquito': {0: 2, 1: 3, 2: 12, 3: 59, 4: 41}, 
'DEN-1': {0: 0, 1: 0, 2: 0, 3: 0, 4: 0}, 
'den1': {0: 0, 1: 2, 2: 1, 3: 0, 4: 3}, 
'DEN-2': {0: 0, 1: 0, 2: 0, 3: 0, 4: 0}, 
'den2': {0: 0, 1: 3, 2: 1, 3: 0, 4: 1}, 
'DEN-3': {0: 0, 1: 0, 2: 0, 3: 0, 4: 0}, 
'den3': {0: 0, 1: 1, 2: 0, 3: 0, 4: 2}, 
'DEN-4': {0: 0, 1: 0, 2: 0, 3: 0, 4: 0}, 
'den4': {0: 0, 1: 3, 2: 0, 3: 1, 4: 3}, 
'DEN': {0: 1, 1: 4, 2: 2, 3: 4, 4: 5}, 
'months': {0: 'January18', 1: 'February18', 2: 'March18', 3: 'April18', 4: 'May18'}}

我的情节是这样的:意大利面图

我正在使用plotly 4.4.1和plotly-express 0.4.1。

问题是关键字重复的颜色，所以我很难从图表中做出任何解释。有什么办法让我停止重复吗？此外，不是所有的关键字都显示在这里，标签被裁剪时，我保存的情节。我该怎么补救呢？谢谢!

Answer 1

默认的定性色阶只有10项，如果键入：

print(len(px.colors.qualitative.Plotly))

10

要使用不同的比例，可以使用巧妙地表示color_discrete_sequence参数。例如，要使用Dark24方案(此方案有24种颜色)，可以运行：

px.line(..., color_discrete_sequence = px.colors.qualitative.Dark24)

如果您传递一个列表，也可以传递您自己的配色方案：

px.line(..., color_discrete_sequence = ['#FF0000', ...])

还可以将新颜色附加到默认配色方案中：

mycolorscheme = px.colors.qualitative.Plotly
mycolorscheme.append('#FF0000')
px.line(..., color_discrete_sequence = mycolorscheme)

您可以在以下链接中看到有关颜色的更多信息：

• https://plotly.com/python/discrete-color/
• https://plotly.com/python/colorscales/
• https://plotly.com/python/builtin-colorscales/