在macOS Catalina上使用python3.9在虚拟环境中安装opencv-python时出错

Question

我正在尝试建立一个虚拟环境，名为deeplearning，for，euh，一个深度学习项目:-)在我的MacBook Pro上，macOS Catalina。

在deeplearning虚拟环境中，我执行了pip install opencv-python，但这引发了一个错误，我不明白.我该怎么解决呢？我是不是忽略了什么？

从整个错误输出的最后一点来看，似乎正在尝试将不同的numpy版本与特定的python版本相匹配。Python 3.9不在其中。这就是问题所在吗？我应该恢复到Python 3.8版本吗？

我在python@3.9和numpy中安装了brew。

谢谢

砂光机

pip install opencv-python
Collecting opencv-python
  Using cached opencv-python-4.4.0.44.tar.gz (88.9 MB)
  Installing build dependencies ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: /Users/swvanderlaan/.virtualenvs/deeplearning/bin/python /Users/swvanderlaan/.virtualenvs/deeplearning/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix /private/var/folders/kc/c5rw4cb94c1c149gsm2ygfc00000gn/T/pip-build-env-mudxxq4k/overlay --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple -- setuptools wheel scikit-build cmake pip 'numpy==1.11.3; python_version=='"'"'3.5'"'"'' 'numpy==1.13.3; python_version=='"'"'3.6'"'"'' 'numpy==1.14.5; python_version=='"'"'3.7'"'"'' 'numpy==1.17.3; python_version>='"'"'3.8'"'"''
       cwd: None
  Complete output (4098 lines):
  Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version == "3.5"' don't match your environment
  Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version == "3.6"' don't match your environment
  Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version == "3.7"' don't match your environment

由于字符限制，

无法发布所有内容。

  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /Users/swvanderlaan/.virtualenvs/deeplearning/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/kc/c5rw4cb94c1c149gsm2ygfc00000gn/T/pip-install-we6wxt_t/numpy/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/kc/c5rw4cb94c1c149gsm2ygfc00000gn/T/pip-install-we6wxt_t/numpy/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/kc/c5rw4cb94c1c149gsm2ygfc00000gn/T/pip-record-wdchzme9/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --prefix /private/var/folders/kc/c5rw4cb94c1c149gsm2ygfc00000gn/T/pip-build-env-mudxxq4k/overlay --compile --install-headers /private/var/folders/kc/c5rw4cb94c1c149gsm2ygfc00000gn/T/pip-build-env-mudxxq4k/overlay/include/site/python3.9/numpy Check the logs for full command output.
  ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /Users/swvanderlaan/.virtualenvs/deeplearning/bin/python /Users/swvanderlaan/.virtualenvs/deeplearning/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix /private/var/folders/kc/c5rw4cb94c1c149gsm2ygfc00000gn/T/pip-build-env-mudxxq4k/overlay --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple -- setuptools wheel scikit-build cmake pip 'numpy==1.11.3; python_version=='"'"'3.5'"'"'' 'numpy==1.13.3; python_version=='"'"'3.6'"'"'' 'numpy==1.14.5; python_version=='"'"'3.7'"'"'' 'numpy==1.17.3; python_version>='"'"'3.8'"'"'' Check the logs for full command output.

还有最新消息。这扩展到安装：scipy、scikit-learn和scikit-image --它们都依赖于numpy。它也已与pip3 install numpy一起安装。

Answer 1

问题是，Python 3.9只是几个薄弱环节，而且看起来OpenCV没有二进制包可用。因此，pip试图从源代码编译它，这显然失败了，因为它有许多依赖项。

我建议您现在安装Python 3.8，并在几周/几个月内升级到Python 3.9，届时所有常见的软件包都可以在pip上使用。