TypeError：__init__()缺少两个必需的位置参数：“no_of_arrows”和“email”

Question

我使用多重继承特性编写了python3.9代码。我使用中的朱庇特笔记本来编写和运行这段代码。它在向导类TypeError init()方法中给出了一个：

# multiple inheritance

class User:
    def __init__(self, email):
        self.email = email

    def sign_in(self):
        print('Logged in.')

    def attack(self):
        print('User attack.')


class Wizard(User):
    def __init__(self, name, power, email):
        super().__init__(email)
        self.name = name
        self.power = power

    def attack(self):
        super().attack()
        print(f'Attacking with power of {self.power}.')


class Archer(User):
    def __init__(self, name, no_of_arrows, email):
        super().__init__(email)
        self.name = name
        self.no_of_arrows = no_of_arrows

    def attack(self):
        print(f'Attacking with arrows. Arrows left - {self.no_of_arrows}.')

    def check_arrows_count(self):
        print(f'{self.no_of_arrows} left.')

    def run(self):
        print('run')


class HybridAttacker(Wizard, Archer):
    def __init__(self, name, power, no_of_arrows, email):
        Wizard.__init__(self, name, power, email)
        Archer.__init__(self, name, no_of_arrows, email)


hybrid_attacker = HybridAttacker('Tom', 50, 20, 'tom@gmail.com')
print(hybrid_attacker)

下面是带有TypeError的输出：

*TypeError Traceback (most recent call last) <ipython-input-11-4769f9f86581> in <module>
     45 
     46 
---> 47 hybrid_attacker = HybridAttacker('Tom', 50, 20, 'tom@gmail.com')
     48 print(hybrid_attacker)
<ipython-input-11-4769f9f86581> in __init__(self, name, power, no_of_arrows, email)
     41 class HybridAttacker(Wizard, Archer):
     42     def __init__(self, name, power, no_of_arrows, email):
---> 43         Wizard.__init__(self, name, power, email)
     44         Archer.__init__(self, name, no_of_arrows, email)
     45 
<ipython-input-11-4769f9f86581> in __init__(self, name, power, email)
     14 class Wizard(User):
     15     def __init__(self, name, power, email):
---> 16         super().__init__(email)
     17         self.name = name
     18         self.power = power
TypeError: __init__() missing 2 required positional arguments: 'no_of_arrows' and 'email'*

请帮我找出错误是什么。

当我在向导类super().init(email) init()方法中注释掉时，代码正在运行，没有任何错误。

提前谢谢。

Answer 1

我不确定您在这里想要实现什么，但是您必须记住，所有的__init__都将被HybridAttacker调用。对于每个函数，您都忽略了params，所以您需要使用**kwargs，然后才能得到所需的。

所以你的__init__函数看起来就像

class Wizard(User):
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.name = kwargs.get('name')
        self.power = kwargs.get('power')

HybridAttacker可以为每个家长的init指定params：

class HybridAttacker(Wizard, Archer):
    def __init__(self, name, power, no_of_arrows, email):
        Wizard.__init__(self, name=name, power=power, email=email)
        Archer.__init__(self, name=name, no_of_arrows=no_of_arrows)