由于缺少zlib库，阴谋安装(Cabal cabal- install )失败

Question

我想在Ubuntu20.04上安装Cabal 3.4.0.0。

$ sudo apt install cabal-install
$ cabal --version
cabal-install version 2.4.0.0

$ sudo cabal update
$ sudo cabal install Cabal cabal-install
...
Starting     zlib-0.6.2.3
Failed to install zlib-0.6.2.3
Build log ( /root/.cabal/logs/ghc-8.6.5/zlib-0.6.2.3-93Wbo8gIIzI9bg4p2MsNUF.log ):
cabal: Entering directory '/tmp/cabal-tmp-126381/zlib-0.6.2.3'
Configuring zlib-0.6.2.3...
cabal: Missing dependency on a foreign library:
* Missing (or bad) header file: zlib.h
* Missing (or bad) C library: z
This problem can usually be solved by installing the system package that
provides this library (you may need the "-dev" version). If the library is
already installed but in a non-standard location then you can use the flags
--extra-include-dirs= and --extra-lib-dirs= to specify where it is.If the
library file does exist, it may contain errors that are caught by the C
compiler at the preprocessing stage. In this case you can re-run configure
with the verbosity flag -v3 to see the error messages.
If the header file does exist, it may contain errors that are caught by the C
compiler at the preprocessing stage. In this case you can re-run configure
with the verbosity flag -v3 to see the error messages.
...
cabal: Error: some packages failed to install:
cabal-install-3.4.0.0-3glzV3hM64DLoOfz3dHKsn depends on cabal-install-3.4.0.0
which failed to install.
hackage-security-0.6.0.1-KiAyVYLxooJAP3ckeQHnBD depends on
hackage-security-0.6.0.1 which failed to install.
zlib-0.6.2.3-93Wbo8gIIzI9bg4p2MsNUF failed during the configure step. The
exception was:
ExitFailure 1

错误说：

这个问题通常可以通过安装提供这个库的系统包来解决(您可能需要"-dev“版本)。

如何在Ubuntu20.04上安装此软件包？

Answer 1

您的目标是安装套餐。这个包有一个依赖项，在这里会产生一个问题：套餐。

这个zlib包本质上是围绕图书馆[维基百科]的一个薄包装器。但是，正如错误所述，您没有安装zlib库，或者至少没有安装可以使用zlib库进行开发的包。

我们可以通过安装软件包来安装它，例如：

sudo apt-get install libghc-zlib-dev

如果我们检查Debian的包详细信息，我们就会发现，本质上这是一个将安装zlib1g-dev包的包，这是一个用zlib库开发软件的包。因此，我们可以决定用以下方式安装libghc-zlib-dev或zlib1g-dev：

sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev

Answer 2

Nixos用户将pkgs.haskellPackages.zlib附加到environment.systemPackages